Physics
QUESTION BANK: Quantum Physics
1. The wave function which is in quantum state ψ1 , ψ2 , ψ3 , ψ4 , ψ5 is given by
1 1 1 1 1
Ψ = √ ψ1 + √ ψ2 + √ ψ3 + √ ψ4 + √ ψ5
3 3 6 24 8
what is the probability of the system being in the state given by ψ5 and what is
the total probability?
2. The ground state and excited state normalized wave function of an atom are
ψ0 and ψ1 respectively, the corresponding energy being E0 and E1 . If the
probability of the finding the atom in the ground is 90% and that for the excited
state is 10%, then the average energy of the atom. Also determine the normalized
wave function.
3. Show that 1 + dx d 2
d
= 1 + 2 dx
∂ ∂
L d2
+ dx 2
4. What is the value of ∂x , ∂t
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5. Prove that [x̂ p̂x ] and explain its physical significance.
6. Which of the following wave functions is the solution of Schrodinger equation?
2 2
(i) A sec x (ii) A tan x (iii)Ae−x (iv) Aex
7. What is the dimension of wave function and probability density?
8. State the characteristics of wave function ?
9. What are the basic postulates of quantum mechanics?
h i
10. Find the value of L̂x ẑ
11. Show that the eigenvalues of a Hermitian operator are real.
12. Give an example of a Hermitian operator in Quantum mechanics.
−iEt
13. Show that for a stationary state given by the wave function Ψ (x, t) = Ψ (x) exp h
the expectation value of energy is equal to the energy eigenvalue value.
Paper:Quantum Physics drafted by Sourabh Bal 1
2
14. Show that the function Ψ (x) = cx exp −x 2 is an eigenfunction function of
2
d
the operator x2 − dx 2 . Find the corresponding eigenvalue value where c is
constant.
15. superposed state of a quantum particle is given by Ψ (x) = c1 Ψ1 (x) + c2 Ψ2 (x)
where Ψ1 (x) and Ψ2 (x) are orthogonal states. Show that c21 + c22 = 1.
16. Show that Ψ (x) = Ae2ix and Ψ (x) = Ae−2ix are degenerate wave functions.
Find out the energy eigen value.
17. Find the energy difference between the ground state and first excited state of an
electron moving in 1D potential box of length 1Å.
18. Calculate the wavelength of the photon that must be absorbed for a transition
from the lowest to the second excited state in 3D box.
π
19. Wave function of a certain particle is Ψ (x) = Acosx for |x| ≤ 2, find the value
of A.
20. If a system has two eigenstates Ψ1 and Ψ2 with eigenvalue E1 and E2 . Under
what conditions will linear combinations Ψ = aΨ1 + bΨ2 .
21. If the wave function Ψ (x) = asin πx
L for 0 ≤ x ≤ L and Ψ (x) = 0 otherwise
determine a and also determine the value of x x where probability of finding the
particle is maximum.
L
22. Show that ψ = φe−iωt is a wave function of a stationary state.
23. Find the probability that a particle trapped in a box L length can be found
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between 0.45L to 0.55L for the ground and 1st excited.
∂
24. What is the value x̂, x ∂x .
25. Consider a function Ψ = Aeαx where A and α are real constants. Can it repre-
sent the wave function of a particle?
26. Which of the following wave functions are acceptable wave functions?
2
(i) ψ = xn (ii) ψ = sinx (iii) ψ = ex (iv) ψ = e−x (v) ψ = e−x (vi) ψ = 1
1+x
27. Show that [xn , p̂x ] = i~nxn−1 .
28. Prove that the eigenfunction of an operator must be orthogonal.
29. Find the expectation value of x in 1D box of length L in the ground state?
q
30. For given wave functions Ψ = L2 sin nπx
L . Show that the eigen functions cor-
responding to two different eigenvalues are orthogonal. If px be the momentum
then find hpx i and hp2x i
Paper:Quantum Physics drafted by Sourabh Bal 2
31. A system has two energy states 0 and 3 . Ψ1 and Ψ2 are the corresponding
normalized wave functions. At an instant the system is in a superposed state
Ψ = C1 Ψ1 + C2 Ψ2 and C1 = √12 . Find the value of C2 . If Ψ is normalized.
What is the probability that an energy measurement would yield a value of 30
? Find out the expectation value of energy.
h i
32. If [ẑ, pˆz ] = i~ then prove that Lˆx , ẑ = −i~y.
h i h i h i
33. Show that (a) Lˆx , x̂ = 0 (b) Lˆx , pˆx = 0 (c) Lˆx , Lˆy = −i~Lx
L
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Paper:Quantum Physics drafted by Sourabh Bal 3