AP Chemistry
Problem Set #3 - Chapter 3 Review
1. Write and balance the following chemical equations:
a. ____ Cu (s) + ____ Al2O3 (aq) → ____ CuO (aq) + ____ Al (s)
b. ____ C4H10 (l) + ____ O2 (g) → ____ CO2 (g) + _____ H2O (g)
c. ____ (NH4)2SO4 (aq) + ____ Fe(NO3)3 (aq) → ____ Fe2(SO4)3 (s) + ____ NH4NO3 (aq)
d. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas.
e. Sodium metal reacts with aqueous barium fluoride….
f. Aqueous strontium acetate reacts with aqueous potassium hydroxide….
g. Pentanol (C5H11OH) is combusted in air.
2. Calculate the following using molar conversions:
i. Find the number of moles in 75.5 grams of aluminum hydroxide.
ii. How many molecules are in 35.5 grams of carbon dioxide?
iii. How many atoms of nitrogen are in 4.33 moles of calcium nitrate?
iv. Find the mass that is equivalent to 0.056 moles of sugar (C12H22O11).
v. How many atoms of hydrogen can be found in 100. grams of acetic acid?
3. Determine the percentage by mass for the given element/molecule in each problem:
a. % carbon in C8H18
b. % oxygen in magnesium phosphate
c. % aluminum in aluminum acetate
d. % water in BaSO4 · 2 H2O
4. Calculate the average atomic mass of an isotope given their masses and relative abundances.
a.
Isotope % Abundance
Chlorine – 35 75.77%
Chlorine – 37 24.23 %
b.
Isotope % Abundance
Ak – 141 47.23 %
Ak – 145 21.22 %
Ak – 146 31.55 %
5. Solve the following stoichiometry problems:
a. ____ CaCl2 (aq) + ____ Al2O3 (s) → ___ CaO (s) + ____ AlCl3 (aq)
i. How many moles of calcium chloride would react with 5.99 moles of aluminum oxide?
ii. If 2.44 moles of calcium oxide are made, how many grams of aluminum chloride are also made?
iii. If 14.5 grams of CaCl2 react with excess Al2O3, how many grams of CaO are produced?
b. Ammonium chloride reacts with lead (IV) nitrate.
i. If 18.5 grams of each reactant is present:
1. Which reactant limits?
2. How many grams of the excess reactant would remain?
3. How much lead (IV) chloride is made?
4. If 9.50 grams of lead (IV) chloride are experimentally made, what is the percent
yield?
c. Hexane (C6H14) is combusted in air.
i. Write the balanced equation for the combustion reaction.
ii. How many moles of carbon dioxide are made if 43.0 grams of oxygen gas react?
iii. If 3.22 grams of hexane react with 10.4 grams of oxygen gas, what is the maximum
mass of water vapor that can be produced?
6. Determine the empirical and molecular formulas given the following information:
a. Methyl butanoate has a percent composition of 58.8% C, 9.8% H, and 31.4% O. Its molecular
weight is 102 g/mol. Find its molecular formula.
b. A compound is found to have 9.09 g C, 1.52 g H, and 14.4 g F. What is its empirical formula? If
the compound has a molecular mass of 66 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?