CACILHAS TEJO SECONDARY SCHOOL

Biology and Geology - 10th B

Academic Year FORMATIVE SHEET Nº12

2010/2011 Nome .……………………………………………………Nº………….

Classification
Jocélia
Albino

I
1. Figure 1 shows how substances captured from the external environment, as well as component parts of
the cell itself undergoes intracellular digestion.

FIG 1

[Link] como verdadeira (V) ou falsa (F) cada uma das seguintes afirmações, relativas aos
processes illustrated in the figure.
Lysosomes are small vesicles that contain enzymes responsible for digestion.
intracellular.
Autophagy can represent a means of recycling cellular material.
(C) The digestive vacuoles (3) originate from the fusion of lysosomes with phagocytic vesicles or
pinocytic.
The residual vacuoles are membranous bags where autophagic digestion takes place.
By exocytosis, the residues resulting from intracellular digestion are eliminated to the outside.
from the cell.
The figure highlights the secretory function of a glandular cell.
The defense of our organism and the reduction of uterine volume postpartum can occur due to
phagocytosis.
(H) The represented cell can be plant-based because it has digestive vacuoles.
1.2. Select the alternative that completes the following sentence, in order to obtain a correct statement.
The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and ribosomes are cellular organelles that
respectively perform the functions of:
(A) transport, secretory and protein synthesis (C) transport, protein synthesis and secretion
Protein synthesis, secretion, and transport protein synthesis, transport and secretion
[Link] the option that allows filling in the spaces in order to obtain a statement.
correct.
The ________ intervenes in the transformation of molecules coming from the _________ and that are
transferred to him by transport vesicles
endoplasmic reticulum […] nucleus (C)lysosome[…]Golgi complex
(B) Golgi complex […] endoplasmic reticulum (D) digestive vacuole [...] lysosome

Silicosis is a very common disease among workers who handle asbestos. One of
components of asbestos is silica, an inorganic substance that forms tiny crystals that
can accumulate in the lungs. The cells of the pulmonary alveoli affected by these crystals
they phagocytize these particles, but cannot digest them. The digestive vacuoles break apart and the
cell dies.

Biology and Geology - 10th year 1

 1.4.1. The following statements refer to the cause of cell death in the pulmonary alveoli of
individuals with silicosis. Select the option that correctly evaluates them.
The death of these cells is due to:
1. The interruption of enzymatic synthesis caused by the accumulation of silica in the cytoplasm.
2. the diffusion of digestive enzymes throughout the cytoplasm causing self-digestion of the
cells.
3. The transformation of perforated digestive vacuoles into secretory vesicles.

(A) 2 and 3 are true; 1 is false. (C)2 is true; 1 and 3 are false.
(B)3 is true; 1 and 2 are false. (D) 1 and 2 are true; 3 is false.
1.4.2. Select the option that completes the following sentence in order to make a statement.
correct.
Cellular destruction in this disease is related to cytoplasmic organelles
called:
(A)centrioles (C) lysosomes.
(B) secretory vesicle. (D) Golgi complex.

2. Select the option that allows you to fill in the gaps, in order to obtain a correct statement.
The molecules before being absorbed by the cells will have to undergo chemistry, in _______ reactions.
being that this digestion, in some beings that are multicellular, can be completed in the ______.

extracellular synthesis (C)intracellular condensation

(B) intracellular analysis (D)hydrolysis […] extracellular

3. Consider the reversible reactions XeY that involve the transformation of organic biomolecules
that are represented by AeC in each of them.
REACTION Y
REACTION X

In questions 3.1 to 3.4, select the option that allows you to fill in the blanks in order to obtain
a correct statement.
[Link] digestion, molecular transformations occur as represented in ___ that
involve reactions of ______.

I […] hydrolysis (C) II[...] hydrolysis

(B) I [...] synthesis (D) II […]synthesis

3.2. The reaction involves _____ such as maltose and glucose represented respectively by ____.
(A)Lipids [...]AeB (C)glucids[...]CeA
(B)Lipids [...] BeC (D)glucids [...] AeC

In reaction Y, A represents a _____ and C represents a ____.

(A)dipeptide […] amino acid (C) disaccharide […] monosaccharide

(B)polypeptide […] dipeptide (D)polysaccharide[…]disaccharide

In reaction Y, 1 represents a bond ____ and 2 and 3 represent respectively groups ____.
peptidic [...] amine and carboxyl (C) glycosidic [...] aldehyde and ketone
(B) peptide [...] carboxylic and amine (D)glycosidic [...] ketone and aldehyde

[Link] como verdadeira (V) ou falsa (F) cada uma das seguintes afirmações, relativas à
structure and chemical composition of the cell membrane according to the most accepted model.
Its ultrastructure is based on the fluid mosaic model.
The glycoproteins and glycolipids involved in the recognition of molecules in the surrounding environment
They are arranged on the external and internal faces of the membrane.

Electron microscope photographs from the 1950s show two dark lines (proteins and part
hydrophilic part of the phospholipids) separated by a clear band (hydrophobic part of the phospholipids)
It is admitted that there is a continuous layer of proteins attached to the polar areas of the
phospholipids.

Biology and Geology - 10th grade 2

 Lipid-soluble substances cross the phospholipid bilayer.
(F) For treatment to remove proteins, some stand out easily from the membrane.
while others do not.
(G)The fusion in the laboratory of human cells with rat cells results in hybrid cells where the
membrane proteins, previously labeled, appear mixed.
Occasionally, there are transverse movements of phospholipids from one layer to another as well as
of some proteins.

II
Observe figure 2 that presents several types of transport that allow the passage of glucose.
through the intestinal cell, from the lumen of the intestine to the blood, during the first phase of absorption.

FIG 2

1. In questions 1.1 to 1.4, select the option that allows you to fill in the blanks in order to obtain
a correct statement, according to the data from the figure.
1.1. Glucose is a product of digestion________ that occurs in a digestive tract _______.

(A) extracorporeal […] complete (C)extracellular[…]complete

(B) extracorporeal [...] incomplete (D)extracellular [...] incomplete

1.2. The absorption of glucose for the ________ occurs through the ______ of the epithelial cells of the intestine.
(A) internal medium [...] villi (C)internal medium[…]microvilli
(B) external medium [...] villi (D)extracellular [...] microvilli

1.3. The transport of glucose from the intestinal lumen to the epithelial cell of the intestine is transport
_________ done simultaneously with that of sodium, ________ concentration gradient.

(A) passive [...] in favor of (C) active […] in favor of

(B) passive [...] against the (D)active […] against

1.4. The Na pump+/K+ ensures a __________ concentration of __________ in the extracellular medium, the
which enables the co-transport of glucose/Na+.

(A)elevated[…]In+ (C)lower[…]In+
+
+
(E)levated[…]K (D) download […] K

Biology and Geology - 10th grade 3

2. The graph in figure 3 refers to the variation of glucose concentration in the intestine and in the blood over time.
glucose absorption time.

Concentration of glucose in the intestinal lumen

Blood glucose concentration

FIG 3

T0 T1 T2Time

Classify as true (T) or false (F) each of the following statements regarding the data of
graph.
At the beginning of absorption, the concentration of glucose in the intestine is higher than that in the blood.

The diffusion rate of glucose increases as time T is reached.1.

The time T1corresponds to the moment when glucose no longer passes into the blood.
Until time T1the concentration gradient of glucose between the two media decreases and
then increase.
The blood is becoming increasingly hypertonic.
The passage of glucose does not involve energy expenditure during absorption.
The transport of glucose throughout the entire absorption process is always mediated.
From time T1the transport of glucose is passive.
3. Explain, based on the data from figure 2 and the graph from figure 3, how the mechanisms of
Glucose-mediated transport allows its total absorption into the blood, thus there are no losses.
of glucose by excretion.

The represented digestive tube has characteristics that make both digestion and efficiency more effective.
absorption. Relate three structural characteristics of the digestive tract with their contribution to effectiveness
of these processes.

III

1. Carefully observe the chart in Figure 4 where the experimental results are represented.
osmosis in plant tissues when subjected to mounting media with different concentrations. In
experimental procedure used potato cubes with approximate volume and weight,
placed in three solutions containing sucrose (disaccharide that does not cross the membrane
cytoplasmic due to its high molecular weight) and in distilled water (0% sucrose). After
A few hours later, its volume and weight were reassessed, and the changes were recorded.

Solutions of Start of the experience End of the experience

sucrose
(half of Volume of two Initial weight Volume of you
Final weight (g)
assembly) cubes (mm3) (g) cubes (mm3)

A (0%) 120 0.38 212 0.54

B (5%) 120 0.41 207 0.48

C (20%) 120 0.39 120 0.39

D (30%) 120 0.39 68 0.36 FIG 4

Biology and Geology - 10th grade 4

 After carefully analyzing the table, answer the following questions:
1.1 Select the option that completes the following sentence in order to obtain a correct statement.
The problem that was the basis of the procedure carried out by the students was:

How does the amount of water in potato cells vary with the change in concentration of
sucrose?
(B) Which cellular organelle is responsible for the changes in the volume of potato cubes?
What is the effect of the concentration of sucrose in the mounting media on the dimensions of the cells?
potato?
(D) How does the concentration of sucrose in the mounting media vary in the presence of potato?

1.2 Select the alternative that allows filling in the blanks to produce a correct statement.
Neste procedimento a(s) variável(is) independente(s) __________ e a(s) dependente(s) _________.
(A) is the concentration of sucrose [...] is the volume and weight of the potato cubes.
(b) is the volume and weight of potato cubes [...] it is the concentration of sucrose
The concentration of sucrose and the volume of the potato cubes […] is the weight of the potato cubes.
(D) are the concentration of sucrose and the weight of the potato cubes [...] is the volume of the potato cubes.

1.3 In questions 1.3.1 to 1.3.5, select the option that allows you to fill in the gaps, in order to
to obtain a correct statement.
1.3.1 When the potato cubes were placed in the assembly medium with the solution _______ ,
there was _______ of water by osmosis leaving the plant cells in a state of _______.

(A) D [...] entrance [...] swelling (C) D [...] exit [...] plasmolysis
(B) The [...] exit [...] plasmolysis (D) C [...] entrance [...] swelling

1.3.2 The assembly method _______ is considered _______, since it did not lead to changes in the parameters.
volume and weight of potato cubes.

(A) A hypotonic (C) C [...] isotonic

(B) B [...] hypertonic (D) D [...] hypotonic

1.3.3 The solution with_______ water potential is the one of the potato cube where the osmotic pressure was greater.
it is the __.

greater (C)minor[...]A
(B)greater […] D (D)minor[…]D

1.3.4 The mounting method _______ is the one in which a higher entry speed is observed.
water molecules by osmosis, whereas the mounting medium _______ is one in which it
check a wall pressure value lower.
(A) A [...]A (C) D [...]D
(B) B [...]D (D) A [...]D

If the experience had been repeated with the cooked potato cubes, the results obtained would have
are ____ described, because osmosis is a _____ process of cellular activity.

(A)equal to [...] dependent (C) different from [...] dependent

(B)equal to [...] independent (D)different from [...] independent

2. The graph in figure 5 shows the variation of cell volume as a function of time in two tubes that
contains suspensions of animal cells. The arrow indicates the moment when a solution of
solutionA in tube1 and a solution of soluteB in tube2.

Explain how the concentrations of the solutions

added, the characteristics of the solute and its
ability to cross the membrane, are responsible
by the variation of cellular volume in each of the
situations.

FIG 5
Biology and Geology - 10th grade 5
 Specific Correction Criteria for the Test
QUESTIONS Answers QUOTE
I
1.1 Verdadeiras:A,B,C,E; Falsas:D,F,G,H 12
7 or 8–12 points; 5 or 6–8 points; 3 or 4–4 points; 0, 1 or 2–0 points
1.2 OptionA 6
1.3 OptionB 6
1.4.1 OptionC 6
1.4.2 OptionC 6
2 OptionB 6
3.1 OptionA 6
3.2 OptionD 6
3.3 OptionA 6
3.4 OptionB 6
3.5 Verdadeiras:A,E,F,G;HFalsas:B,C,D 12
7 ou 8–12 pontos; 5 ou 6–8 pontos; 3 ou 4–4 pontos; 0, 1 ou 2–0 pontos
II
1.1 OptionC 6
1.2 OptionC 6
1.3 OptionA 6
1.4 OptionA 6
2 Verdadeiras:A,D,E,G; Falsas:B,C,F,H 12
7 ou 8–12 pontos; 5 ou 6–8 pontos; 3 ou 4–4 pontos; 0, 1 ou 2–0 pontos
3 The initial absorption of glucose into the blood occurs by facilitated diffusion along the concentration gradient. 12
concentration gradient, until the moment when equilibrium is reached
glucose concentrations in the intestinal lumen and blood.
From then on, absorption continues in the same direction but through active transport/
against the concentration gradient and therefore with energy expenditure.
4 Complete digestive tube with two openings, allows for unidirectional movement where 20
there is no mixing of undigested waste with those ready to be absorbed, it creates a
more effective use of food.
The various organs along the digestive tract allow for digestion and absorption.
sequential production of different digestive enzymes (e.g. Maltase only in the intestine given
that only there the maltose resulting from the breakdown of starch appears) what is more
economical and profitable for the organism.
The coniventes valves, villi, and intestinal microvilli increase the area of
contact with the food making absorption more effective.
III
1.1 OptionA 6
1.2 OptionA 6
1.3.1 OptionC 6
1.3.2 OptionC 6
1.3.3 OptionC 6
1.3.4 OptionD 6
1.3.5 OptionB 6
2 The solution added to tube 1 is hypertonic in relation to the intracellular medium and therefore the volume 12
the cell shrinks because there is water leaving (faster than glucose entering) in an attempt to
equilibrium of concentrations in the two media. Solute A is able to cross the membrane, entering the
cell by diffusion shortly after, and causing the water to re-enter the cell (which with the
the entry of glucose and the previous exit of water became hypertonic) which increases/retakes its volume.
The solution added to tube 2 is also hypertonic but as solute B cannot
crossing the membrane, only the exit of water is observed (from the hypotonic medium to the hypertonic)
the reduction of the cellular volume that remains reduced.
TOTAL 200
If the graph looked like this, we would also say that both solutions were hypertonic.
in relation to the intracellular medium, although the solution in tube 2 was more hypertonic than that in tube 1
neither solute A nor B was able to cross the membrane to enter the cell.
This way there is only the exit of water (by osmosis) responsible for the reduction of cell volume.

Note: (plasmolysis).

Biology and Geology - 10th grade 6