OLTC Transformer Adjuster Overview
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsOLTC Transformer Adjuster Overview
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsAdjusters in charge - "OLTC"
July 2008
RC – Principals schemas
Linear Inverter Preselection
RC - Schemas of
windings
Star
Triangle
History
The RC allows changing the transformation ratio in
load conditions without interruption of the current
(transformer in operation), with addition or subtraction
the coils of the adjustment winding.
The RC is commonly used in transformers.
since 1920, following the increase in consumption
electric and the development of electricity networks.
Today's RC is so reliable that its lifespan
is practically equivalent to a transformer, as soon as
the maintenance program is being followed.
History
Transformer Characteristics Number of operations
per year
MVA KV A average
Generator 100-1300 110-765 100-2000 3000
Interconnection 200-1500 110-765 300-3000 5000
Distribution 15-400 60-525 50-1600 7000
Special 2.5-150 20-230 50-1000 50000
four
Operating principle
Change the adjustment position without interrupting the circuit,
with successive connection of the adjustment positions with the
output terminal.
During the transfer of charge between two positions
adjacent, the two adjustment positions are temporary
connected to the output terminal.
To avoid a short circuit, impedances are inserted.
in the circuit (resistances or reactances).
Operating principle
HIGH-SPEED RESISTOR TYPE OLTC
Impedance: ohmic resistance.
Socket selector
Rupture ('diverter switch')
SLOW MOTION REACTOR TYPE OLTC
Impedance: autotransformer.
Socket selector
Interrupter ("transfer switch")
RC Conception
The transfer of the load from one adjustment socket to another
take, origin a slight electric arc that causes the
degradation of oil.
For this reason, the breaker compartment is separate from
the transformer tank.
RC Conception
"In-Tank Type": the breaker is inside a tank.
from the transformer tank.
RC – selector in charge
Operating principle
« Compartment Type »: le rupteur est dans une caisse
separated which is bolted to the walls of the tank.
RC resistances
Functions:
1- Select the tap setting of the transformer.
2- "Divert" Transfer of the load (current) for the outlet
selected without interruption from the circuit.
Mechanism:
1- Selector.
2- Breaker.
Simpler load regulators: load selector
("selector switch") combines the two functions in one
only mechanism.
RC resistances
RC resistances
RC resistances
RC - selector in charge
Advantages:
Economic.
More compact.
Disadvantages:
Limited application to small transformers
or medium power.
U<123kV and I<600A
As the compartment is unique for the selector and
switch, the arc occurs in the same compartment where the
adjustment prises are connected (oil subject to the same)
windings solicitations limits its use to some
high voltage levels.
RC – selector + breaker
Advantages:
Use for more powerful transformers
U<362kV and I<4500A
Désavantages:
Price.
Clutter.
The change is made in two steps:
1- The position adjacent to the one that is in service is
pre-selected (without charge).
2- In the breaker, the transfer of the current takes place.
charge of the position in service for the position
pre-selected.
RC - selector + breaker
RC - choice
Nº Phases:
Single / Three-phase
Type of connection:
Star / Triangle
Type of diagram:
Linear / Inversion / Preselection
Number of positions and regulation range:
Standardization of manufacturers.
Contact circle in the selector from 33 to 39 positions
Range <20%
Type of use:
Number of maneuvers per year < 50000.
Total number of maneuvers 1 to 1.5 million maneuvers
RC - choice
IEC Standard 60542 – Guide for the selection of the adjuster.
Level of isolation:
All the calculated voltage requests for the sockets
adjustments must be checked against the demands
admissible under the RC guaranteed by the manufacturer.
Service tensions.
Tensions during the transformer tests.
Shockproof.
Current:
The maximum current of the load regulator guaranteed by the
manufacturer must be greater than the maximum possible current
in the adjustment winding of the transformer.
RC – choice
Surcharge:
RC capacity supported overloads (currents and
temperatures IEC 60354 #60542#
1.2 times the maximum allowable current.
Short circuit:
Capacity of the RC supported short-circuit currents
(CEI60214 #60076-5#)
Inability to change positions in a short situation
circuit.
Transfer capacity (Switching capacity):
Peak tension by step. Pst = Ust x Imax
RC - choice
Control cabinet:
Tensions; Indications a distance; Fonctionnement
automatic and remote
Control tree:
Vertical; Horizontal
Relay protection regulator:
RS2001
RC - Designation MR
V III 350 D - 76 - 10 19 1 W
Type RC
Model V
Number of poles
Three-phase
I – Single-phase
Max Current
(Value in A)
Connection
Y – Star
D - Triangle
Max Tension
(Value in kV)
Number of contacts in the selector circle
10, 12, 14 contacts
Maximal number of operating positions
Without / Pre-Selector ("change-over selector"): 10, 12, 14 maximum positions
With/ Pre-selector (“change-over selector”): 19, 23, 27 maximum positions
Number of positions in the average grip (normally the nominal grip)
0, 1, 3 positions
Type of Pre-Selector
W – Typo Inverseur ("reversing switch")
G – Pre-Selector Type (“coarse tap selector”)