Waste Thermal Treatment Methods Explained
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ScribdTranslationsWaste Thermal Treatment Methods Explained
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ScribdTranslationsCHARACTERISTIC INCINERATION PYROLYSIS GASIFICATION
DEFINITION Incineration is the burning of materials at high temperatures. This is the thermal processing of waste in total absence of oxygen. It is a partial combustion process in which a
the process has energy valuation in which, through oxygen, this procedure uses a fuel source that is deliberately burned with less air than
A controlled combustion transforms the external fraction to conduct the reactions in a stoichiometric-free environment, subjecting the solid residues to high temperatures.
organic waste into inert materials and gases. oxygen, through which the organic material of the byproducts temperatures (generally above 600°C) in a
solids decompose by the action of heat environment almost without oxygen.
OBJECTIVE OF Reducing the volume and decomposing or changing the Decomposition of solid matter in total absence of oxygen Generate mechanical, thermal or electrical energy, in addition
PROCESS physical, chemical, and biological composition of waste due to the action of vapors caused by high vapor, hydrogen, and chemicals or fuels through
through thermal oxidation temperatures. from the thermochemical transformation of any matter
organic solid in low oxygen environments.
TEMPERATURE 850°C-1100ºC 500 ºC - 800 ºC. 600°C-1600°C
WHAT
WORKING
GAS PHASE OF CO2, H2O, O2, N2 H2, CO, hydrocarbons, H2O, N2 H2, CO, CO2, CH4, H2O, N2
PROCESS
PRODUCTS Heat: Generation of electricity, steam, among others Bio-fuel: Renewable fuel for generating energy Gasification gas: Fuel for generating heat,
GENERATED Carbon:Heat generation for use in blast furnaces in the industry electricity, etc.
Organic acids: Repellent, insecticide, and natural fungicide. Synthesis gas: Production of synthetic fuels
such as methanol, gasoline, and diesel
ADVANTAGE • Reduces the amount of waste • A liquid fraction that is easy to handle, transport and • Its use does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
store
• Heat and energy production. • No emit sulfur contaminants o
• Reduction of emissions into the atmosphere as a process nitrogenous, nor just solid particles.
• Incinerators work in any climate, I don't know. closed.
they limit climate changes.
• It does not generate contaminating gases such as nitrogen oxides and • If waste from other activities is used as
• Eliminate harmful germs y chemicals, the sulfur, those produced in combustion. biomass, this translates into recycling and
very high temperatures that can destroy germs reduction of waste..
and harmful chemical substances. • The process is self-sufficient with respect to energy.
DISADVANTAGE • It is expensive infrastructure • It requires a high investment for the installation. • higher cost of energy production than
comes from fossil fuels.
• Requires trained personnel • Food requires pretreatment
• Liquid hydrocarbons must undergo a process of • Lower energy performance
• The smoke produced includes acidic gases, dioxins. refined.
carcinogenic, particles, heavy metals and • Requires quality fuel for a good
nitrogen oxide. • Lower performance of fuels performance.
• Maintenance operations for the ashes are required. • The systems must be sealed.
• operational problems: handling problems • Tar is produced
of incinerator operation,