POLYNOMIALS
Set – 1
Q.1: Find the value of “p” from the polynomial x 2 + 3x + p, if one of the zeroes of the
polynomial is 2.
Q.2: Does the polynomial a4 + 4a2 + 5 have real zeroes?
Q.3: Compute the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 – 4x – 8. Also, establish a relationship
between the zeroes and coefficients.
Q.4: Find the quadratic polynomial if its zeroes are 0, √5.
Q.5: Find the value of “x” in the polynomial 2a 2 + 2xa + 5a + 10 if (a + x) is one of its
factors.
Q.6: How many zeros does the polynomial (x – 3)2 – 4 have? Also, find its zeroes.
Q.7: α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 – 6x + y. Find the value of ‘y’ if 3α +
2β = 20.
Q.8: If the zeroes of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are a – b, a, a + b, then find the value of
a and b.
Q.9: Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of
its zeroes, respectively.
(i) 1/4, -1
(ii) 1, 1
(iii) 4, 1
Q.10: Obtain all other zeroes of 3x4 + 6x3 – 2x2 – 10x – 5, if two of its zeroes are √(5/3) and-
√(5/3).
Q.11: Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of the zeroes of the
polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0, c ≠ 0.
Practice Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials
1. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 7y2 – (11/3)y – (2/3) and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.
2. Find all zeroes of the polynomial (2x4 – 9x3 + 5x2 + 3x – 1) if two of its zeroes are (2 + √3)
and (2 – √3).
3. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are √2 and -3/2,
respectively. Also find its zeroes.
Set – 2
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Very Short
Answer (1 Mark)
Question 1.
If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the value
of k. (2012)
Question 2.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c, find the value of α2 + β2. (2013)
Question 3.
If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12 is 1, then find the
value of k. (2017 D)
Question 4.
If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial such that α + β = -6 and αβ = 5, then find the
polynomial. (2016 D)
Question 5.
A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -4 and -5, is …. (2016 D)
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short
Answer-I (2 Marks)
Question 6.
Find the condition that zeroes of polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each
other. (2017 OD)
Question 7.
Form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3 + √2 and 3 – √2. (2012)
Question 8.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the stun and product of whose zeroes are √3
and 1√3 respectively. (2014)
Question 9.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0 and -√2
respectively. (2015)
Question 10.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial √3 x2 – 8x + 4√3. (2013)
Question 11.
If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of 2x2 – 5x – 3,
find the value of p and q. (2012)
Question 12.
Can (x – 2) be the remainder on division of a polynomial p(x) by (2x + 3)? Justify your
answer. (2016 OD)
Question 13.
Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3+√55 and 3−√55. (2013)
Question 14.
Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are -2 and -5. Verify the relationship between
zeroes and coefficients of the polynomial. (2013)
Question 15.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – 75 and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients. (2014)
Find the zeroes of p(x) = 2x2 – x – 6 and verify the relationship of zeroes with these co-
efficients. (2017 OD)
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short
Answer-II (3 Marks)
Question 18.
Verify whether 2, 3 and 12 are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 2x3 – 11x2 + 17x –
6. (2012, 2017 D)
Question 19.
Show that 12 and −32 are the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 + 4x – 3 and verify the
relationship between zeroes and co-efficients of polynomial. (2013)
Question 20.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are -8 and 12
respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2014)
Question 21.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0
and −35 respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2015)
Question 22.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial. (2015, 2016 OD)
Question 23.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 3x – 28 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the co-efficients of the polynomial. (2012, 2017 D)
Question 24.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 6y2 – 7y + 2, find a quadratic polynomial whose
zeroes are 1α and 1β. (2012)
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer
(4 Marks)
Question 32.
If p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + kx + 5 is divided by (x – 2), the remainder is 11. Find k. Hence find all the
zeroes of x3 + kx2 + 3x + 1. (2012)
Question 33.
If α and β are zeroes of p(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4, such that α2 + β2 = 24, find k. (2013)
Set – 1 with Solution
Q.1: Find the value of “p” from the polynomial x 2 + 3x + p, if one of the zeroes of the
polynomial is 2.
Solution:
As 2 is the zero of the polynomial.
We know that if α is a zero of the polynomial p(x), then p(α) = 0
Substituting x = 2 in x2 + 3x + p,
⇒ 22 + 3(2) + p = 0
⇒4+6+p=0
⇒ 10 + p = 0
⇒ p = -10
Q.2: Does the polynomial a4 + 4a2 + 5 have real zeroes?
Solution:
In the aforementioned polynomial, let a2 = x.
Now, the polynomial becomes,
x2 + 4x + 5
Comparing with ax2 + bx + c,
Here, b2 – 4ac = 42 – 4(1)(5) = 16 – 20 = -4
So, D = b2 – 4ac < 0
As the discriminant (D) is negative, the given polynomial does not have real roots or zeroes.
Q.3: Compute the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 – 4x – 8. Also, establish a relationship
between the zeroes and coefficients.
Solution:
Let the given polynomial be p(x) = 4x2 – 4x – 8
To find the zeroes, take p(x) = 0
Now, factorise the equation 4x2 – 4x – 8 = 0
4x2 – 4x – 8 = 0
4(x2 – x – 2) = 0
x2 – x – 2 = 0
x2 – 2x + x – 2 = 0
x(x – 2) + 1(x – 2) = 0
(x – 2)(x + 1) = 0
x = 2, x = -1
So, the roots of 4x2 – 4x – 8 are -1 and 2.
Relation between the sum of zeroes and coefficients:
-1 + 2 = 1 = -(-4)/4 i.e. (- coefficient of x/ coefficient of x 2)
Relation between the product of zeroes and coefficients:
(-1) × 2 = -2 = -8/4 i.e (constant/coefficient of x2)
Q.4: Find the quadratic polynomial if its zeroes are 0, √5.
Solution:
A quadratic polynomial can be written using the sum and product of its zeroes as:
x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
Where α and β are the roots of the polynomial.
Here, α = 0 and β = √5
So, the polynomial will be:
x2 – (0 + √5)x + 0(√5)
= x2 – √5x
Q.5: Find the value of “x” in the polynomial 2a 2 + 2xa + 5a + 10 if (a + x) is one of its
factors.
Solution:
Let f(a) = 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10
Since, (a + x) is a factor of 2a2 + 2xa + 5a + 10, f(-x) = 0
So, f(-x) = 2x2 – 2x2 – 5x + 10 = 0
-5x + 10 = 0
5x = 10
x = 10/5
Therefore, x = 2
Q.6: How many zeros does the polynomial (x – 3)2 – 4 have? Also, find its zeroes.
Solution:
Given polynomial is (x – 3)2 – 4
Now, expand this expression.
=> x2 + 9 – 6x – 4
= x2 – 6x + 5
As the polynomial has a degree of 2, the number of zeroes will be 2.
Now, solve x2 – 6x + 5 = 0 to get the roots.
So, x2 – x – 5x + 5 = 0
=> x(x – 1) -5(x – 1) = 0
=> (x – 1)(x – 5) = 0
x = 1, x = 5
So, the roots are 1 and 5.
Q.7: α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x 2 – 6x + y. Find the value of ‘y’ if 3α +
2β = 20.
Solution:
Let, f(x) = x² – 6x + y
From the given,
3α + 2β = 20———————(i)
From f(x),
α + β = 6———————(ii)
And,
αβ = y———————(iii)
Multiply equation (ii) by 2. Then, subtract the whole equation from equation (i),
=> α = 20 – 12 = 8
Now, substitute this value in equation (ii),
=> β = 6 – 8 = -2
Substitute the values of α and β in equation (iii) to get the value of y, such as;
y = αβ = (8)(-2) = -16
Q.8: If the zeroes of the polynomial x3 – 3x2 + x + 1 are a – b, a, a + b, then find the value of
a and b.
Solution:
Let the given polynomial be:
p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Given,
The zeroes of the p(x) are a – b, a, and a + b.
Now, compare the given polynomial equation with general expression.
px3 + qx2 + rx + s = x3 – 3x2 + x + 1
Here, p = 1, q = -3, r = 1 and s = 1
For sum of zeroes:
Sum of zeroes will be = a – b + a + a + b
-q/p = 3a
Substitute the values q and p.
-(-3)/1 = 3a
a=1
So, the zeroes are 1 – b, 1, 1 + b.
For the product of zeroes:
Product of zeroes = 1(1 – b)(1 + b)
-s/p = 1 – 𝑏2
=> -1/1 = 1 – 𝑏2
Or, 𝑏2 = 1 + 1 =2
So, b = √2
Thus, 1 – √2, 1, 1 + √2 are the zeroes of equation 𝑥3 − 3𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1.
Q.9: Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product of
its zeroes, respectively.
(i) 1/4, -1
(ii) 1, 1
(iii) 4, 1
Solution:
(i) From the formulas of sum and product of zeroes, we know,
Sum of zeroes = α + β
Product of zeroes = αβ
Given,
Sum of zeroes = 1/4
Product of zeroes = -1
Therefore, if α and β are zeroes of any quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial can be written
as:-
x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
= x2 – (1/4)x + (-1)
= 4x2 – x – 4
Thus, 4x2 – x – 4 is the required quadratic polynomial.
(ii) Given,
Sum of zeroes = 1 = α + β
Product of zeroes = 1 = αβ
Therefore, if α and β are zeroes of any quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial can be written
as:-
x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
= x2 – x + 1
Thus, x2 – x + 1 is the quadratic polynomial.
(iii) Given,
Sum of zeroes, α + β = 4
Product of zeroes, αβ = 1
Therefore, if α and β are zeroes of any quadratic polynomial, then the polynomial can be written
as:-
x2 – (α + β)x + αβ
= x2 – 4x + 1
Thus, x2 – 4x +1 is the quadratic polynomial.
Q.10: Obtain all other zeroes of 3x4 + 6x3 – 2x2 – 10x – 5, if two of its zeroes are √(5/3) and-
√(5/3).
Solution: Since this is a polynomial of degree 4, hence there will be a total of 4 roots.
∴ [x-√(5/3)] [x+√(5/3)] = x2-(5/3)
√(5/3) and-√(5/3) are zeroes of polynomial f(x).
Therefore, 3x2 + 6x + 3 = 3x(x + 1) +3 (x + 1)
= (3x + 3)(x + 1)
= 3(x + 1)(x + 1)
= 3(x + 1)(x + 1)
Hence, x + 1 = 0 i.e. x = – 1 , – 1 is a zero of p(x).
So, its zeroes are given by: x = −1 and x = −1.
Therefore, all four zeroes of the given polynomial are:
√(5/3) and-√(5/3), −1 and −1.
Q.11: Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are reciprocals of the zeroes of the
polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0, c ≠ 0.
Solution:
Let α and β be the zeroes of the polynomial f(x) = ax2 + bx + c.
So, α + β = -b/a
αβ = c/a
According to the given, 1/α and 1/β are the zeroes of the required quadratic polynomial.
Now, the sum of zeroes = (1/α) + (1/β)
= (α + β)/αβ
= (-b/a)/ (c/a)
= -b/c
Product of two zeroes = (1/α) (1/β)
= 1/αβ
= 1/(c/a)
= a/c
The required quadratic polynomial = k[x2 – (sum of zeroes)x + (product of zeroes)]
= k[x2 – (-b/c)x + (a/c)]
= k[x2 + (b/c) + (a/c)]
Q.12: Divide the polynomial f(x) = 3x2 – x3 – 3x + 5 by the polynomial g(x) = x – 1 – x2 and
verify the division algorithm.
Solution:
Given,
f(x) = 3x2 – x3 – 3x + 5
g(x) = x – 1 – x2
Dividing f(x) = 3x2 – x3 – 3x + 5 by g(x) = x – 1 – x2
Here,
Quotient = q(x) = x – 2
Remainder = r(x) = 3
By division algorithm of polynomials,
Dividend = (Quotient × Divisor) + Remainder
So,
[q(x) × g(x)] + r(x) = (x – 2)(x – 1 – x2) + 3
= x2 – x – x3 – 2x + 2 + 2x2 + 3
= 3x2 – x3 – 3x + 5
= f(x)
Hence, the division algorithm is verified.
Q.13: For what value of k, is the polynomial f(x) = 3x4 – 9x3 + x2 + 15x + k completely
divisible by 3x2 – 5?
Solution:
Given,
f(x) = 3x4 – 9x3 + x2 + 15x + k
g(x) = 3x2 – 5
Dividing f(x) by g(x),
Given that f(x) is completely divisible by 3x2 – 5.
So, the remainder = 0
k + 10 = 0
k = -10
Q.14: If 4 is a zero of the cubic polynomial x3 – 3x2 – 10x + 24, find its other two zeroes.
Solution:
Given cubic polynomial is p(x) = x3 – 3x2 – 10x + 24
4 is a zero of p(x).
So, (x – 4) is the factor of p(x).
Let us divide the given polynomial by (x – 4).
Here, the quotient = x2 + x – 6
= x2 + 3x – 2x – 6
= x(x + 3) – 2(x + 3)
= (x – 2)(x + 3)
Therefore, the other two zeroes of the given cubic polynomial are 2 and -3.
Practice Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials
1. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 7y2 – (11/3)y – (2/3) and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.
2. Find all zeroes of the polynomial (2x4 – 9x3 + 5x2 + 3x – 1) if two of its zeroes are (2 + √3)
and (2 – √3).
3. If the remainder on division of x3 + 2x2 + kx +3 by x – 3 is 21, find the quotient and the
value of k. Hence, find the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 + 2x2 + kx – 18.
4. For which values of a and b, are the zeroes of q(x) = x3 + 2x2 + a also the zeroes of the
polynomial p(x) = x5 – x4 – 4x3 + 3x2 + 3x + b? Which zeroes of p(x) are not the zeroes of
q(x)?
5. Verify that 3, –1, -1/3 are the zeroes of the cubic polynomial p(x) = 3x 3 – 5x2 – 11x – 3,
and then verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.
6. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are √2 and -3/2,
respectively. Also find its zeroes.
Set – 2 with Solution
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Very Short
Answer (1 Mark)
Question 1.
If the sum of zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – kx + 6 is 3, then find the value
of k. (2012)
Solution:
Here a = 3, b = -k, c = 6
⇒ −(−k)3 = 3
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = −ba = 3 …..(given)
⇒k=9
Question 2.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c, find the value of α2 + β2.
(2013)
Solution:
Question 3.
If the sum of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12 is 1, then find
the value of k. (2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = (k2 – 14) x2 – 2x – 12
Here a = k2 – 14, b = -2, c = -12
⇒ −ba = 1
Sum of the zeroes, (α + β) = 1 …[Given]
⇒ −(−2)k2−14 = 1
⇒ k2 – 14 = 2
⇒ k2 = 16
⇒ k = ±4
Question 4.
If α and β are the zeroes of a polynomial such that α + β = -6 and αβ = 5, then find
the polynomial. (2016 D)
Solution:
⇒ x2 – (-6)x + 5 = 0
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P = 0
⇒ x2 + 6x + 5 = 0
Question 5.
A quadratic polynomial, whose zeroes are -4 and -5, is …. (2016 D)
Solution:
x2 + 9x + 20 is the required polynomial.
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short
Answer-I (2 Marks)
Question 6.
Find the condition that zeroes of polynomial p(x) = ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each
other. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Let α and 1α be the zeroes of P(x).
P(a) = ax2 + bx + c …(given)
⇒ α × 1α = ca
Product of zeroes = ca
⇒ 1 = ca
⇒ a = c (Required condition)
Coefficient of x2 = Constant term
Question 7.
Form a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3 + √2 and 3 – √2. (2012)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes,
S = (3 + √2) + (3 – √2) = 6
Product of zeroes,
P = (3 + √2) x (3 – √2) = (3)2 – (√2)2 = 9 – 2 = 7
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P = x2 – 6x + 7
Question 8.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the stun and product of whose zeroes are √3
and 1√3 respectively. (2014)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes, (S) = √3
Product of zeroes, (P) = 1√3
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – Sx + P
Question 9.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0 and -√2
respectively. (2015)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial is
x2 – (Sum of zeroes) x + (Product of zeroes)
= x2 – (0)x + (-√2)
= x2 – √2
Question 10.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial √3 x2 – 8x + 4√3. (2013)
Solution:
Question 11.
If the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + q are double in value to the zeroes of 2x2 –
5x – 3, find the value of p and q. (2012)
Solution:
We have, 2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0
= 2x2 – 6x + x – 3
= 2x(x – 3) + 1(x – 3)
= (x – 3) (2x + 1)
Zeroes are:
⇒ x = 3 or x = −12
x – 3 = 0 or 2x + 1 = 0
Since the zeroes of required polynomial is double of given polynomial.
Zeroes of the required polynomial are:
3 × 2, (−12 × 2), i.e., 6, -1
Sum of zeroes, S = 6 + (-1) = 5
Product of zeroes, P = 6 × (-1) = -6
⇒ x2 – 5x – 6 …(i)
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P
Comparing (i) with x2 + px + q
p = -5, q = -6
Question 12.
Can (x – 2) be the remainder on division of a polynomial p(x) by (2x + 3)? Justify
your answer. (2016 OD)
Solution:
In case of division of a polynomial by another polynomial, the degree of the
remainder (polynomial) is always less than that of the divisor. (x – 2) can not be the
remainder when p(x) is divided by (2x + 3) as the degree is the same.
Question 13.
Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 3+√55 and 3−√55. (2013)
Solution:
Question 14.
Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are -2 and -5. Verify the relationship
between zeroes and coefficients of the polynomial. (2013)
Solution:
Sum of zeroes, S = (-2) + (-5) = -7
Product of zeroes, P = (-2)(-5) = 10
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P = 0
= x2 – (-7)x + 10
= x2 + 7x + 10
Verification:
Here a = 1, b = 7, c = 10
Sum of zeroes = (-2) + (-5) = 7
Question 15.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 3x2 – 75 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the coefficients. (2014)
Solution:
We have, 3x2 – 75
= 3(x2 – 25)
= 3(x2 – 52)
= 3(x – 5)(x + 5)
Zeroes are:
x – 5 = 0 or x + 5 = 0
x = 5 or x = -5
Verification:
Here a = 3, b = 0, c = -75
Sum of the zeroes = 5 + (-5) = 0
Question 16.
Find the zeroes of p(x) = 2x2 – x – 6 and verify the relationship of zeroes with these
co-efficients. (2017 OD)
Solution:
p(x) = 2x2 – x – 6 …[Given]
= 2x2 – 4x + 3x – 6
= 2x (x – 2) + 3 (x – 2)
= (x – 2) (2x + 3)
Zeroes are:
x – 2 = 0 or 2x + 3 = 0
x = 2 or x = −32
Verification:
Here a = 2, b = -1, c = -6
Question 17.
What must be subtracted from the polynomial f(x) = x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 12x + 21 so that
the resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by x2 – 4x + 3? (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
(2x – 3) should be subtracted from x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 12x + 21.
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Short
Answer-II (3 Marks)
Question 18.
Verify whether 2, 3 and 12 are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 2x3 – 11x2 + 17x –
6. (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
p(x) = 2x3 – 11x2 + 17x – 6
When x = 2,
p(2) = 2(2)3 – 11(2)2 + 17(2) – 6 = 16 – 44 + 34 – 6 = 0
When x = 3, p(3) = 2(3)3 – 11(3)2 + 17(3) – 6 = 54 – 99 + 51 – 6 = 0
Yes, x = 2, 3 and 12 all are the zeroes of the given polynomial.
Question 19.
Show that 12 and −32 are the zeroes of the polynomial 4x2 + 4x – 3 and verify the
relationship between zeroes and co-efficients of polynomial. (2013)
Solution:
Let P(x) = 4x2 + 4x – 3
Question 20.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are -8 and 12
respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2014)
Solution:
Let Sum of zeroes (α + β) = S = -8 …[Given]
Product of zeroes (αβ) = P = 12 …[Given]
Quadratic polynomial is x2 – Sx + P
= x2 – (-8)x + 12
= x2 + 8x + 12
= x2 + 6x + 2x + 12
= x(x + 6) + 2(x + 6)
= (x + 2)(x + 6)
Zeroes are:
x + 2 = 0 or x + 6 = 0
x = -2 or x = -6
Question 21.
Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 0
and −35 respectively. Hence find the zeroes. (2015)
Solution:
Quadratic polynomial = x2 – (Sum)x + Product
Question 22.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and the coefficients of the polynomial. (2015, 2016 OD)
Solution:
We have, 6x2 – 3 – 7x
= 6x2 – 7x – 3
= 6x2 – 9x + 2x – 3
= 3x(2x – 3) + 1(2x – 3)
= (2x – 3) (3x + 1)
Question 23.
Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = x2 – 3x – 28 and verify the
relationship between the zeroes and the co-efficients of the polynomial. (2012, 2017
D)
Solution:
p(x) = x2 – 3x – 28
= x2 – 7x + 4x – 28
= x(x – 7) + 4(x – 7)
= (x – 7) (x + 4)
Zeroes are:
x – 7 = 0 or x + 4 = 0
x = 7 or x = -4
Question 24.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial 6y2 – 7y + 2, find a quadratic polynomial
whose zeroes are 1α and 1β. (2012)
Solution:
Given: 6y2 – 7y + 2
Here a = 6, b = -7, c = 2
Question 25.
Divide 3x2 + 5x – 1 by x + 2 and verify the division algorithm. (2013 OD)
Solution:
Quotient = 3x – 1
Remainder = 1
Verification:
Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
= (x + 2) × (3x – 1) + 1
= 3x2 – x + 6x – 2 + 1
= 3x2 + 5x – 1
= Dividend
Question 26.
On dividing 3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 by a polynomial g(x) the quotient and remainder were
3x +10 and 16x – 43 respectively. Find the polynomial g(x). (2017 OD)
Solution:
Let 3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 = P(x)
q(x) = 3x + 10, r(x) = 16x – 43 …[Given]
As we know, P(x) = g(x) . q(x) + r(x)
3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 = g(x) . (3x + 10) + (16x – 43)
3x3 + 4x2 + 5x – 13 – 16x + 43 = g(x) . (3x + 10)
Question 27.
Check whether polynomial x – 1 is a factor of the polynomial x3 – 8x2 + 19x – 12.
Verify by division algorithm. (2014)
Solution:
Let P(x) = x3 – 8x2 + 19x – 12
Put x = 1
P(1) = (1)3 – 8(1)2 + 19(1) – 12
= 1 – 8 + 19 – 12
= 20 – 20
=0
Remainder = 0
(x – 1) is a facter of P(x).
Verification:
Since remainder = 0
(x – 1) is a factor of P(x).
Polynomials Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer
(4 Marks)
Question 28.
Divide 4x3 + 2x2 + 5x – 6 by 2x2 + 1 + 3x and verify the division algorithm. (2013)
Solution:
Quotient = 2x – 2
Remainder = 9x – 4
Verification:
Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
= (2x2 + 3x + 1) × (2x – 2) + 9x – 4
= 4x3 – 4x2 + 6x2 – 6x + 2x – 2 + 9x – 4
= 4x3 + 2x2 + 5x – 6
= Dividend
Question 29.
Given that x – √5 is a factor of the polynomial x3 – 3√5 x2 – 5x + 15√5, find all the
zeroes of the polynomial. (2012, 2016)
Solution:
Let P(x) = x3 – 3√5 x2 – 5x + 15√5
x – √5 is a factor of the given polynomial.
Put x = -√5,
x – 3√5 = 0 ⇒ x = 3√5
Other zero:
All the zeroes of P(x) are -√5, √5 and 3√5.
Question 30.
If a polynomial x4 + 5x3 + 4x2 – 10x – 12 has two zeroes as -2 and -3, then find the
other zeroes. (2014)
Solution:
Since two zeroes are -2 and -3.
(x + 2)(x + 3) = x2 + 3x + 2x + 6 = x2 + 5x + 6
Dividing the given equation with x2 + 5x + 6, we get
x4 + 5x3 + 4x2 – 10x – 12
= (x2 + 5x + 6)(x2 – 2)
= (x + 2)(x + 3)(x – √2 )(x + √2 )
Other zeroes are:
x – √2 = 0 or x + √2 = 0
x = √2 or x = -√2
Question 31.
Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 8x4 + 8x3 – 18x2 – 20x – 5, if it is given that two
of its zeroes are 52−−√ and −52−−√. (2014, 2016 D)
Solution:
Question 32.
If p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + kx + 5 is divided by (x – 2), the remainder is 11. Find k. Hence find
all the zeroes of x3 + kx2 + 3x + 1. (2012)
Solution:
p(x) = x3 – 2x2 + kx + 5,
When x – 2,
⇒ 11 = 8 – 8 + 2k + 5
p(2) = (2)3 – 2(2)2 + k(2) + 5
⇒ 11 – 5 = 2k
⇒ 6 = 2k
⇒k=3
Let q(x) = x3 + kx2 + 3x + 1
= x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1
= x3 + 1 + 3x2 + 3x
= (x)3 + (1)3 + 3x(x + 1)
= (x + 1)3
= (x + 1) (x + 1) (x + 1) …[∵ a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b) = (a + b)3]
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
All zeroes are:
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1
Hence zeroes are -1, -1 and -1.
Question 33.
If α and β are zeroes of p(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4, such that α2 + β2 = 24, find k. (2013)
Solution:
We have, p(x) = kx2 + 4x + 4
Here a = k, b = 4, c = 4
⇒ 24k2 = 16 – 8k
⇒ 24k2 + 8k – 16 = 0
⇒ 3k2 + k – 2 = 0 …[Dividing both sides by 8]
⇒ 3k2 + 3k – 2k – 2 = 0
⇒ 3k(k + 1) – 2(k + 1) = 0
⇒ (k + 1)(3k – 2) = 0
⇒ k + 1 = 0 or 3k – 2 = 0
⇒ k = -1 or k = 23
Question 34.
If α and β are the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 2x2 + 5x + k, satisfying the relation,
α2 + β2 + αβ = 214 then find the value of k. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Given polynomial is p(x) = 2x2 + 5x + k
Here a = 2, b = 5, c = k
Question 35.
What must be subtracted from p(x) = 8x4 + 14x3 – 2x2 + 8x – 12 so that 4x2 + 3x – 2 is
factor of p(x)? This question was given to group of students for working together.
(2015)
Solution:
Polynomial to be subtracted by (15x – 14).
Question 36.
Find the values of a and b so that x4 + x3 + 8x2 +ax – b is divisible by x2 + 1. (2015)
Solution:
If x4 + x3 + 8x2 + ax – b is divisible by x2 + 1
Remainder = 0
(a – 1)x – b – 7 = 0
(a – 1)x + (-b – 7) = 0 . x + 0
a – 1 = 0, -b – 7 = 0
a = 1, b = -7
a = 1, b = -7
Question 37.
If a polynomial 3x4 – 4x3 – 16x2 + 15x + 14 is divided by another polynomial x2 – 4, the
remainder comes out to be px + q. Find the value of p and q. (2014)
Solution:
Question 38.
If the polynomial (x4 + 2x3 + 8x2 + 12x + 18) is divided by another polynomial (x2 + 5),
the remainder comes out to be (px + q), find the values of p and q.
Solution:
Remainder = 2x + 3
px + q = 2x + 3
p = 2 and q = 3.
Set – 3
1. For what value of k, (–4) is a zero of the polynomial x2 – x – (2k + 2)?
(CBSE 2009)
2. For what value of p, (–4) is a zero of the polynomial x2 – 2x – (7p + 3)?
(CBSE 2009)
3. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 – 3(a – 1) x – 1, then find the value of a.
(Al CBSE 2009)
4. If (x + a) is a factor of 2x2 + 2ax + 5x + 10 find a.
(Al CBSE 2008 F)
5. Write the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + 2x + 1.
(CBSE 2008)
6. Write the zeroes of the polynomial x2 – x – 6.
(CBSE 2008)
7. Write a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are 3 and –2 respectively.
(CBSE 2008)
8. Write the number of zeroes of the polynomial y = f(x) whose graph is given in the figure.
(Al CBSE 2008)
9. The graph of y = f(x) is given in figure. How many zeroes are there of f(x)?
(Al CBSE 2008 C)
10. The graph of y = f(x) is given in the figure. What is the number of zeroes of f(x)?
(CBSE 2008 C)
11. What is the number of zeroes of the polynomial y = p(x)?
(AI CBSE 2010)
12. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2 – 3 – 7x and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficient of the polynomial.
(CBSE 2008)
13. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 5x2 – 4 – 8x and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficient of the polynomial.
(AI CBSE 2008)
14. Find the quadratic polynomial, the sum of whose zeroes is 8 and their product is 12. Hence,
find the zeroes of the polynomial.
(CBSE 2008)
15. If one zero of the polynomial (a2 – 9) x2 + 13x + 6a is reciprocal of the other, find the value of
‘a’.
(AI CBSE 2008)
16. If the product of zeroes of the polynomial ax2 – 6x – 6 is 4, find the value of ‘a’.
(AI CBSE 2008)
17. Find all the zeros of the polynomial x4 + x3 – 34x2 – 4x + 120, if two of its zeroes are 2 and –
2.
(AI CBSE 2008)
18. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 2x4 + 7x – 19x2 – 14x + 30, if two of its zeroes
are
(AI CBSE 2008)
19. Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 1 and –3. Verify the relation between the
coefficients and the zeroes of the polynomial.
(CBSE 2008 C)
20. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 4x2 – 4x – 3 and verify the relation between the
zeroes and its coefficients.
(CBSE 2008 C)
21. Obtain all other zeroes of the polynomial 2x3 – 4x – x2 + 2, if two of its zeroes
are
(CBSE 2008 C)
22. Find all the zeroes of x4 – 3x3 + 6x – 4, if two of its zeroes are
(AI CBSE 2008 C)
23. Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are –4 and 3 and verify the relationship between
the zeroes and the coefficients.
(AI CBSE 2008 C)
24. Using division algorithm, find the quotient and remainder on dividing f(x) by g(x), where f(x) =
6x3 + 13x2 + x – 2 and g(x) = 2x + 1
(AI CBSE 2008 C)
25. If the polynomial 6x4 + 8x3 + 17x2 + 21x + 7 is divided by another polynomial 3x2 + 4x + 1
then the remainder comes out to be ax + b, find ‘a’ and ‘b’
(CBSE 2009)
26. If the polynomial x4 + 2x3 + 8x2 + 12x + 18 is divided by another polynomial x2 + 5, the
remainder comes out to be px + q. Find the value of p and q.
(CBSE 2009)
27. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial x3 + 3x2 – 2x – 6, if two of its zeroes are –
(AI CBSE 2009)
28. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 2x3 + x2 – 6x – 3, if two of its zeroes are –
(AI CBSE 2009)
29. If α and β are zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 6x + a; find the value of ‘a’ if 3α + 2β =
20.
(CBSE 2010, 2011)