LESSON 3. COMPUTER SYSTEM 4.

Analyze the importance of computer in today’s

INTRODUCTION : generation and their impact on various fields such as

This lesson dwells on the fundamental aspects of computer education, business and communication.

systems, including their key proponents, and essential components. MOTIVATION :

It explores the elements of a computer system, covering both Computers are everywhere—

hardware and software. Additionally, it introduces keyboarding powering businesses,

proper hand positioning and familiarizes learners with its parts and connecting people across the

symbol names. world, and enhancing how we

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LEARNING OUTCOMES : learn and work. But have you

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1. Identify the different parts of a computer system and their ever wondered how these powerful machines evolved? RFrom the

functions. first mechanical computers to today’s advanced systems,

2. Define what a computer is and explain its role in technology has come a long way.

processing and managing information. Understanding the history and key components of computers helps

3. Assess the computer capabilities and it’s limitation. us appreciate their role in shaping the modern world.

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
Think about how you use computers daily—whether for school, What is Computer ?

social media, gaming, or research. Imagine a world without them. A computer is a machine /an

How different would life be? electornic device that

Are you computer literate? processes/manipulates data.

Computer Literacy, also known as digital literacy, involves having What are the basic operations of

a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their computer ?

uses. We must keep up with theses changes to remain computer There are four basic operation of computer the can perfroms : input

literate. , processing , output , and storage.

TEACHING INPUTS : Why it is vital in today’s world?

What is Computer System ? Through computers, society has instant access to information

It is a collection of entities around the globe.

(hardware, software and Who is considered as father of Computer ?

liveware) that are designed to Charles P. Babbage KH FRS

receive, process, manage and (/ˈbæbɪdʒ/; 26 December 1791 – 18

present information in a October 1871) was an English polymath.

meaningful format. A mathematician,

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, Babbage originated Calculation and Text Manipulation – A computer can perform

the concept of a digital programmable computer. Babbage is calculations on numbers, non-numeral letters, and other symbos

considered by some to be "father of the computer". used in words and sentences.

Who is considered as first computer? Logic and Comparison Operations - A computer performs

comparison for decision making.

The first computers were people! That is, Storage and Retrieval Operations- A computer can internally

electronic computers (and the earlier accpet data and program instruction and they may be called up for

mechanical computers) were given this use.

name because they performed the work that had previously been Limitation of Computers?

assigned to people. Computer do not think of you – computer functions only when it is

Capabilities Computers? provided the input infomration in needs.

Computer can perform the ff. data processing activties rapidly and The Computer cannot correct inaccurate data – Data must

reliably. therefore be verified and corrected before being entered to achieve

Input and Output Operations – A computer can accept and supply acuracy.

processed data to a wide range of devices. The Computer is Subject to breakdown – Fluctuations in the

electronic

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
Because of this capabilities and limitations of computers, it  Desktop Computers: Standard cases placed under or

revolutionized many aspects of life, they remain tools that require on desks, with optional displays and expansion slots.

human guidance and oversight.  Rackmount Computers: Designed to fit into 19-inch

Classification of Computer racks, often used as servers in data centers.

Microcomputers (Personal  In-car Computers (Carputers): Embedded in

Computers): automobiles for functions like entertainment and

Microcomputers, primarily navigation.

based on single-chip  Laptops and Notebooks: Portable, all-in-one case

microprocessors, became computers.

popular in the late 20th  Tablet Computers: Touchscreen devices that replace
century. The Altair 8800, physical keyboards.
introduced in 1975, was one  Smartphones, Smartbooks, and Palmtops: Small
of the first popular microcomputers. The term "microcomputer" has handheld devices with basic computing power.
become less common, but the category includes various types such  Programmable Calculators: Specialized for
as: mathematical work.

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
  Video Game Consoles: Fixed computers dedicated to high speeds and are measured in million instructions per second

entertainment. (MIPS).

 Handheld Game Consoles: Small, portable devices Supercomputers: Supercomputers are the most powerful

designed for gaming. computers, designed for tasks requiring intense numerical

Minicomputers (Mid-range Computers): Minicomputers are multi- computations like weather forecasting, scientific simulations, and

user systems that fall between microcomputers and mainframe complex mathematical modeling. They are incredibly fast and

computers. They are typically used in small to medium-sized expensive, measured in floating-point operations per second

businesses and labs, with early examples including the DEC VAX (FLOPS). Supercomputers push the limits of processing power and

and IBM Series/1. These machines were smaller and less power- are used in specialized fields like astrophysics and nuclear research.

hungry than mainframes but could still handle multiple users and Servers: Servers are computers dedicated to providing services to

data processing tasks. other computers, often with high reliability and redundancy features.

Mainframe Computers: Mainframes are large, powerful systems Examples of servers include:

capable of handling vast amounts of data and supporting numerous  Database Servers: Provide database services to other

users simultaneously. Used in large institutions such as programs or computers.

governments, banks, and corporations, mainframes process data at  File Servers: Manage and store large collections of files,

common in office environments.

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
  Web Servers: Deliver web pages and related content Elements of Computer System

over the Internet using protocols like HTTP. 1. People – refers to the people involved in the data processing

 Terminal Servers: Connect devices with serial interfaces operations.

to a local area network (LAN). Servers may run multiple 2. Hardware –refers to physical electronic devices and tangible

virtual machines (VMs), enabling the use of different parts that constitute the computer system. It includes the

operating systems and environments on the same external devices (outside apperance) and internal devices

physical hardware. (inside appearance).

Workstations: Workstations are high-performance computers 3. Software –refers to the program or set of instructions that

designed for professional users who require powerful computing enable the computer system to operate effectively. Two

power, such as those used for graphics, scientific research, or categories of Software:

engineering. They often feature specialized hardware 4. Data –refers to data needed in the processing operations

enhancements like dual processors or error-correcting memory. By include texts, number sounds, images and viedo that we

the 1990s, personal computers had caught up to workstations in input into the computer for processing.

terms of processing power, but workstations are still used for 5. Connectivity- means that a computer must be connected to

specialized tasks that require advanced hardware. other ocmputers specially through internet.

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025
6. Procedure - are step by step instructions to follow when

using hardware, software ,software and data.

JOVINCENT B. CABAHUG, MSIT | COMP 1 | OFFICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOFTWARE APPLICATION | 2025