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Orthographic Projection in Engineering Graphics

This document covers the principles of orthographic projection in engineering graphics, detailing the definitions and characteristics of first and third angle projections. It explains the orientation of objects and views in relation to the planes of projection, along with graphical symbols for each projection type. Additionally, it includes exercises on identifying appropriate orthographic views and representations of various features.

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2 views24 pages

Orthographic Projection in Engineering Graphics

This document covers the principles of orthographic projection in engineering graphics, detailing the definitions and characteristics of first and third angle projections. It explains the orientation of objects and views in relation to the planes of projection, along with graphical symbols for each projection type. Additionally, it includes exercises on identifying appropriate orthographic views and representations of various features.

Uploaded by

chandraabhi639
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BAEEE101 – BASIC

ENGINEERING

Module – III – ENGINEERING GRAPHICS &


CAD
Lecture – 4
Orthographic Projection

Course Faculty:
Dr. Saravanakumar D, SMEC
VIT Chennai.
Projection of an Object
Projection of an Object
Orthographic Projection

“Object is in between
observer and the plane
of projection”

When the projectors are parallel to each other and also perpendicular to the
plane, the projection is called “orthographic projection”.
FOUR QUADRANTS

Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt


Planes of Projection

V.P. → VERTICAL PLANE FIRST ANGLE


H.P → HORIZONTAL PLANE PROJECTION
Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt
TOP
VIEW

LEFT SIDE FRONT


VIEW VIEW
Orthographic
Projection of a
Product
GRAPHICAL SYMBOL OF
FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION

Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt


Third Angle Projection
The object is in
the third
quadrant.

Rays of sight
intersect the
V.P
Planes of projection are
assumed to be transparent Top view comes above
Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt the front view.
GRAPHICAL SYMBOL OF
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTION

Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt


1st Angle & 3rd Angle Projection – Comparison
First Angle Projection Third Angle Projection
The object is kept in the first The object is assumed to be kept in
quadrant. the third quadrant.
The object lies between the observer The plane of projection lies between
and the plane of projection. the observer and the object.
The plane of projection is assumed The plane of projection is assumed
to be non-transparent. to be transparent.
The top view (plan) comes below the The top view (plan) comes above the
Front view (elevation). Front view (elevation).
The view of the object as observed Left hand side view is drawn to the
from the left-side is drawn to the left hand side of the elevation.
right of elevation.
This method of projection is now This method of projection is used in
recommended by the "Bureau of U.S.A. and also in other countries.
Indian Standards‘ from 1991.
Source: Engineering Drawing, N.D. Bhatt
Orthographic Projection - Exercise
Hidden Edge Representation
Representation of Holes
Representation of Edges and Fillets
Q. Identify the appropriate orthographic views for the given objects.
PROJECTION OF POINTS – Ist QUADRANT
PROJECTION OF POINTS – IInd QUADRANT
PROJECTION OF POINTS – IIIrd QUADRANT
PROJECTION OF POINTS – IVth QUADRANT
PROJECTION OF STRAIGHT LINE – Ist QUADRANT
PROJECTION OF STRAIGHT LINE – Ist QUADRANT

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