(Aff. No – 330329) School No.

- 65325

Resonance International School

KHABRA, MUZAFFARPUR
( Affiliated to C.B.S.E., New Delhi ( Up to +2 Level)

Project & Practical

Physics
Experiment Section A

1 To determine resistivity of two / three wires by plotting a graph for potential difference versus current.

2. To find resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using metre bridge.

3. To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge.

OR, To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge.

4. To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half- deflection method and to find its figure of merit.

5. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of desired
range and to verify the same.

OR, To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of
desired range and to verify the same.

6. To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer.

Activities

1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core.

2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of a given circuit using
multimeter.

3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a power
source.

4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.

5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.

6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery, resistor/rheostat, key,
ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not connected in proper order and correct the
circuit and also the circuit diagram.

SECTION-B Experiments
1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to find the focal length.

2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.

3. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u and 1/v.

4.Το find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.

5. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between angle of
incidence and angle of deviation.

6. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

7. To find the refractive index of a liquid using convex lens and plane mirror.

8. To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror.

9. To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.

Activities

1. To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.

2. Use of multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED and check
whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is in working order.

3. To study effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR.

4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass slab.

5. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.

6. To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, or (ii) concave mirror on a screen
by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the lens/mirror).

7. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of
lenses.

Suggested Investigatory Projects

1. To study various factors on which the internal resistance/EMF of a cell depends.

2. To study the variations in current flowing in a circuit containing an LDR because of a variation in (a) the
power of the incandescent lamp, used to 'illuminate' the LDR (keeping all the lamps at a fixed distance). (b)
the distance of a incandescent lamp (of fixed power) used to 'illuminate' the LDR.

3. To find the refractive indices of (a) water (b) oil (transparent) using a plane mirror an equiconvex lens
(made from a glass of known refractive index) and an adjustable object needle.

4. To investigate the relation between the ratio of (i) output and input voltage and (ii) number of turns in
the secondary coil and primary coil of a self-designed transformer.

5. To investigate the dependence of the angle of deviation on the angle of incidence using a hollow prism
filled one by one, with different transparent fluids.

6. To estimate the charge induced on each one of the two identical Styrofoam (or pith) balls suspended in
a vertical plane by making use of Coulomb's law.
7. To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil depends by observing the effect of this coil,
when put in series with a resistor/(bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.

8. To study the earth's magnetic field using a compass needle-bar magnet by plotting magnetic field lines
and tangent galvanometer.

Chemistry
A. Surface Chemistry

(a) Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol Lyophilic sol - starch, egg albumin and gum
Lyophobic sol - aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, arsenous sulphide.

(b) Dialysis of sol-prepared in (a) above.

(c) Study of the role of emulsifying agents in stabilizing the emulsion of different oils.

B. Chemical Kinetics

(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between Sodiurn Thiosulphate and
Hydrochloric acid.

(b) Study of reaction rates of any one of the following: (i) Reaction of lodide ion with Hydrogen Peroxide at
room temperature using different concentrations of lodide ions. (ii) Reaction between Potassium lodate,
(KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3) using starch solution as an indicator (clock reaction).

C. Thermochemistry : Any one of the following experiments

(a) Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper Sulphate or Potassium Nitrate.

(b) Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCI) and strong base (NaOH).

(c) Determination of enthaply change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between Acetone and
Chloroform.

D. Electrochemistry Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+|| Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of

electrolytes (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.

E. Chromatography

(a) Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and
determination of Rf values.

(b) Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents
having large difference in Rf values to be provided).

F. Preparation of Inorganic

Compounds Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation of
Potassium Ferric Oxalate.
G. Preparation of Organic Compound : Preparation of any one of the following compounds i) Acetanilide
ii) Di-benzal Acetone iii) p-Nitroacetanilide iv) Aniline yellow or 2 - Naphthol Anilinedye.

H. Tests for the functional

groups present in organic compounds: Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and
amino (Primary) groups.

I. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given
foodstuffs.

J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution

of: (a) Oxalic acid, (b) Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate (Students will be required to prepare standard
solutions by weighing themselves).

Pb2+, Cu2+
K. Qualitative analysis : Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt Cation:
As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4 + Anions:
(CO3) 2-, S2-, (SO3) 2-, (NO2), (SO4) 2-, Cl-, Br-, -, (PO4) 3-, (C204) 2-, CH3COO-,
NO3- (Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT : Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting
information from other sources A few suggested Projects.

 Study of the presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages of ripening.
 Study the quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
 Preparation of soybean milk and its comparison with natural milk with respect to curd formation ,
the effect of temperature , etc .
 Study of the effect of Potassium Bisulphate as a food preservative under various conditions
(temperature, concentration, time, etc.)
 Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on it.
 Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of the following materials: wheat flour, gram flour,
potato juice, carrot juice, etc.
 Extraction of essential oils present in Saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), Illaichi (cardamom).
 Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar, turmeric powder, chilli powder and
pepper.

Biology
A. List of Experiments
1. Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.
2. Study the plant population density by quadrat method.
3. Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method.
4. Prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis.
5. Isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya, etc.

B. Study and observer the following (Spotting):

 1. Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).
2. Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or scanning electron micrograph.
3. Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of ovary through permanent slides
(from grasshopper/mice).
4. Meiosis in onion bud cell or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.
5. T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).
6. Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/sizes of any plant.
7. Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, blood groups, ear lobes,
widow's peak and colour blindness.
8. Controlled pollination - emasculation, tagging andbagging.
9. Common disease causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, any fungus causing ringworm
through permanent slides, models or virtual images or specimens. Comment on symptoms of diseases that
they cause.
10. Models specimen showing symbolic association in root modules of leguminous plants, Cuscuta on host,
lichens.
11. Flash cards models showing examples of homologous and analogous organs.

PAINTING

Some identified areas of the subjects for painting-composition are given below, in which
some more areas may also be added: (i) Affairs of family friends and daily life. (ii)
Affairs of family professionals. (iii) Games and sports activities. (iv) Nature and
environment (v) Fantasy or imagination (vi) National, religious, cultural, historical
and social events and celebrations.
English

Prepare biography of any Three English Writers related to the text with relevant
Photograph .

MATHS ( Any Five )

1. To verify that the relation R in the set L of all lines in a plane, defined by R = {( l , m): l ⊥
m} is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.

2. To verify that the relation R in the set L of all lines in a plane, defined by R = {( I , m): l ||
m) is an equivalence relation.

3. To demonstrate a function which is not one-one but is onto. 4. To demonstrate a

function which is one-one but not onto.

5. To draw the graph of sin-1 x using the graph of sin x and demonstrate the concept of
mirror reflection (about the line y = x).

6. To explore the principal value of the function sin-1x using a unit circle.

7. To find analytically the limit of a function f (x) at x = c and also to check the continuity of
the function at that point.