DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
MID-TERM EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2025
Level [Link] Curriculum 2024
Program Name COMMON TO CS BRANCHES Course Type
Course Name ENGINEERING MECHANICS AND Course Code [CIE 1003]
SMART BUILDINGS
Semester I Max Marks 30
Date 16/09/2025 Duration 90 MIN
Q.
Solution/Answer Marks
No.
1 mark
1 0.5 mark 3
1 mark 0.5mark
Solution:
2 3
The resultant of the three forces is
R = 200 + 175 + 135= 510 N↓ -----0.5 mark
Let the resultant act at distance 'x' from point A. Using Varignon's theorem at A,
2 marks
0.5 mark
0.5 mark 0.5 mark
0.5 mark
3 4
0.5 mark
0.5 mark
0.5 mark
0.5 mark
0.5 mark
4 4
…. 0.5 mark 0.5 mark
…..1 mark
…..1 mark
…..0.5 mark
…..0.5 mark
0.5 mark 0.5 mark
5 4
0.5 mark
1 mark
0.5 mark
1 mark
Conventional Units: The combustion exhaust is directly vented via a chimney or
flue and therefore the heat becomes waste. They do not condense flue gases and are
typically made of materials that cannot handle the corrosive properties of the
condensing gases. They are less efficient than condensing units (typically 70–85%)
and have lower initial cost but higher running costs. (1.5 Marks)
6 3
Condensing Units: Use a heat exchanger to capture and recycle heat from the
exhaust gas before it’s vented. This makes the heating process more energy efficient,
lowers the exhaust gas temperature, and creates condensation inside the unit that
needs to be drained. They are larger/more advanced heat exchangers made of
corrosion-resistant materials (stainless steel or aluminium). Condensing units
typically have efficiencies of over 90% and are more energy efficient than conventional
units. They have higher initial cost but lower running costs. (1.5 Marks)
• When a person arrives at a door and presents an access card with encoded
credential information to a card reader, the information is then passed to the
local control panel.
• In a centralized database system, the control panel passes the information on
to the host computer with additional information regarding the location of
7 3
the door and the time the card was presented.
• The host computer then verifies the information and compares the access
level to the door location and the time of day.
• Upon verification, the host computer sends a command to open the door to
the control panel, and the person is allowed/denied access to the building
• Audio processors in classroom AV systems, like equalizers and echo cancellers,
help to balance audio frequencies and eliminate feedback, ensuring clear and
distortion-free sound during lessons. This enables all students to hear the
teacher or digital content distinctly, even in large or acoustically challenging
8 classrooms. (1.5 marks) 3
• Video processors adjust aspects such as timing, colour, brightness, and contrast
of video signals, keeping visuals sharp and properly synchronized. These
processors are crucial for clear projection of materials from digital whiteboards
or computers so every student can view content easily. (1.5 marks)
BIM dimensions significantly enhance collaboration and communication among all
project stakeholders by providing a shared digital model that ensures everyone is
aligned. It improves visualization through detailed 3D models, helping in
understanding spatial relationships and design intent accurately. BIM allows for the
9 early detection of clashes and issues before construction starts, reducing errors and 3
associated costs. It increases cost and time efficiency by optimizing project planning
and scheduling, minimizing waste. Additionally, BIM provides comprehensive
documentation and supports lifecycle management, improving building quality,
regulatory compliance, and facilitating maintenance and future renovations.