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Overview of Nervous System Functions

The nervous system is a complex network divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), responsible for communication and coordination of bodily functions. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the body and controls both voluntary and involuntary actions. Key components include neurons, which transmit signals, and glial cells that support neuronal function.

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Gayle Ardid
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6 views7 pages

Overview of Nervous System Functions

The nervous system is a complex network divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), responsible for communication and coordination of bodily functions. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS connects the CNS to the body and controls both voluntary and involuntary actions. Key components include neurons, which transmit signals, and glial cells that support neuronal function.

Uploaded by

Gayle Ardid
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The different parts and

functions of nervous
system

The nervous system is a highly complex


network in the body,responsible for
communication and coordination of function,
it is divided into two main parts:
[Link] Nervous System(CNS)
The CNS serves as the main processing center
for the entire nervous system it consists of
two main components namely the:
 Brain:The control center of the
body,responsible for interpreting sensory
information,decision making,and

regulating bodily function,it include:

o Cerebrum: controls voluntary


movement,sensory
processing,reasoning,emotions,and
memory.
o Cerebellum: maintains
balance,posture,and coordination.
o Brainstem: regulates essential function
like breathing, heart rate,and
consciousness.
 Spinal cord: connect the brain to the rest
of the body and facilitates communication
by transmitting signals.
Function:
 Processes and interprets sensory
information.
 Initiates motor commands.
 Serves as the control center for
thoughts,emotion,and autonomic
activities.

2. Peripheral nervous system


(PNS)
This system connects the CNS to the rest of
the body and is further divided into two main
types:
Parts:
 Somatic Nervous System: controls
voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
o Spinal Nerves: the nerves that carry
motor and sensory signals between
the spinal cord and the body.
o Cranial nerves: the nerve fibers that
carry information into an out of the
brain stem.
 Autonomic Nervous System(ANS):
controls and voluntary activities like heart
rate digestion and breathing.
The ANS has two subdivisions:
o Sympathetic Nervous System:
prepares the body for”fight or
flight”during stress.
o Parasympathetic Nervous System:
promotes “rest and digest”responses
for relaxation and recovery.

Function:
 Connects the CNS to the limbs,organs,and
skin.
 Controls both voluntary and involuntary
actions.
 Maintains homeostasis.

[Link]
Function:
 Transmit electrical signals between the
CNS and body parts.
 Compress sensory nerves (carry signals to
the CNS),motor nerves (carry signals from
the cns),and mixed nerves (do both)

[Link]
Parts of a Neuron:
 Dendrites: receives signals from other
neurons or sensory inputs.
 Cell Body(Soma): processes information.
 Axon: transmit signals to other neurons or
muscles.
 Synapse: the gap through which neurons
communicate using neurotransmitters.
Function:
 Serve as the fundamental units of the
nervous system.
 Transmit sensory input,process
information,and send motor commands.

[Link] Cells(Glial Cells)


Function:
 Provide support,nutrition,and insulation for
neurons.
 Maintain the environment for efficient
neuronal function.
In summary,the nervous system’s primary
function include:
1. Sensory input: detecting stimuli from
the environment.
2. Integration: processing and
interpreting sensory data.
3. Motor Output: initiating responses
like muscle movement or gland activity.
4. Homeostasis: regulating internal
body conditions.

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