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Harmonic Motion and Superposition Analysis

The document discusses the concept of resultant motion in harmonic systems, detailing the addition of two simple harmonic motions with different amplitudes and phase differences. It provides mathematical equations to calculate the resultant amplitude and frequency, as well as examples of in-phase and out-of-phase scenarios. Additionally, it touches on energy conservation in vibrating systems and the relationship between kinetic and potential energy during oscillations.

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Achal Chethan
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views15 pages

Harmonic Motion and Superposition Analysis

The document discusses the concept of resultant motion in harmonic systems, detailing the addition of two simple harmonic motions with different amplitudes and phase differences. It provides mathematical equations to calculate the resultant amplitude and frequency, as well as examples of in-phase and out-of-phase scenarios. Additionally, it touches on energy conservation in vibrating systems and the relationship between kinetic and potential energy during oscillations.

Uploaded by

Achal Chethan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

YIBRATIONS

Binikle ef Suepostion Page No.


Dato
4 is deined asas the atsutant nction cf aa lineas
sustem due to simutaneous afhlicate of t o
ercitatio ns a las summation of he motion due to
each of tht
he exa tation
ating sehaaately
Mdien of Hamonic Moton
.Consida a -panlele subi ected to 2 SHM Smutamouly in
He Some dixetiom.
it d be he phase diffuence b/
det the 2 vedtove AG Az
as in
shon in iquae.
Nhen mstions of
add 2hamonie mstions fhe same
We get aesutañt motion as hamonie

dt us hawe 2 hamoe msons ef amplitdes fA GA,


'amd phase dffuunce as
he sane
Fuequney'
showm m
figuse

the bele
AtS wtant notion is aiven by addimg

: A, sim at + Ay sn(t+ )
Since Si(At p) sintcos B+ cOsA sin B
A,sin at +A, sin st cos +A, cosst cind
x:
Sinat [A,t A,coso]+ co swt |A, sin Page No

det Acos0 - A+ A, cos


Asim- Az sin

2=Asim ot cosO ACos wt sin

The above eg'n shows that the aesutant


is also SHm of amplitude A' amd phas e dtfeAenee t, difoserni
To find out he values of A &
. To find A
Sauane and add amd ()
2

A = A, + A t 2 A A cos
A A+ A, +> A z cos

Rctio of en

A sin A, sim
Acos At Az Cos

tan Ay sim
At Azcos
15.83) (ot+ sin 42 q.
83 5. d 2.305 cosd A
Using
3.463 = tau ’ 9.135 Siu A
2 4) s)add Savare
-(4) 135 4. sind A
-3) a305 &
cos A
60siu +6
-4)
60cas 6 + lo sin 4 - = dCos A
-)
6 t losiu tL- oSiu +
6o cos sin [A ot cos os
t&
t uotA Sin
6o] siu tos
6 +\ooth tos
6 wt sin +6
66siu ot cos
siu
6o wt Cos +60cos ot sin +6}
ot cas t dcos uot Asin
siu wt. sin loGas uot tas
(aott
)6o sin 6 10)+ (ot+ cos h 3Cuott
) Bin A
))- (ott sin A=
60) (ot
+ siu x1*6 o'); (wtt eos X:
h
grahizaly
hov the chech aualsically
g motious Harmouic Yollouiu the Add Q]
g Shlitthe Har mouic motio iuto tuo

Hax moule. mohou having tue hhase auqle of o otry


45.

ket X| = A sin (uot e ) : ce : Asin Cot t )


Graha
x, Asin Cuot)
z A, sin Cuot + u6) A,3 . 66

10
sin ot A,sin (wt) +A,siu (ust + 8)
gin (A+ ) = Sin A cos ß + as A sin B
cos CA+ B) COs A cos B- sin A sin B

= Ai 3in tot + A sin wt oS 6


10 8in ot tos T% + cos wt sin cOS t sin

Sin uot + cos wt *siú ot A+ Az cos u5

cos wt Li0 siu3o siu aot A+ A cos


sin wt lo as z01 + + cos wt [A siu u6

10 Sin 30 = A2 8iu y5
9 HaY mouic moion is give by the eqvatou 5 sin (3t+)
is to be shlit iuto tuoo tomhoueuts sucu that Oue leads it
by 30 80°. diud the coahoue mts
tue odher logs it by 80,iud

L = 5 siu (3t + )
A

<, Ar sin (at + +3o)


BeATS
At us ce nsides 2 haves of Ame amplitude 'A Page No.

and dightty difenernt equemcics' ; and 'w,;


of these aves at
amy me t' hem
E:A sin it

The aesutant displocennt ' at amy me is qivem buy


addimgte abeve 2 eqns

Asin it t simo,t|
Sin At sin B 2 Sin cos
2

=2A sin (wt )t, cos (h,- W)t


2 2

t= B sin (it)t H

shee B 2A cos(W- o2)t


2

9 aaesends simple hamonie motiomn ohene


amaltade is
mamwn vaue of B is 2A
minm olue of
taequney of beat is
2 T,

g'ven
Thun, tfe aesullat Jishlarumn x at amy Hme is
by ademg g
sin (aw +
= AGinK,t+ A
+ Asinost, cosJitt A COSAst, sinto.
sin wít A+ Acos Awt+ coswt [Asinow) RHS

-Xsinfot +)
x: Xsinwt coso t Xcosw;tsin
x: sina,t [Xcos+cos io,t [X sin LHs
Compaaing LHS RHS g'n
X cos + A+ AcoSowt co- efficiert of sint
XSin = Asim AHt |co-efFicierd of cos »,t|
Syuasing amd adding he above 2eg'ns, we gt
X -(A+A cosa Ht)+ AsRost
- A+ Acos &wt t 2A Cosast t+^sin at
A+ A(coaat +si swt) + 2A° cosAwt
A+ A 2A coSAt

XJ2A +cos Awt)

amplitude of fhe tuoo sinusoidal motions


poimatey egual, then
<,= AsinTt

Kcos ABcosAt
Xsim Bsin owt

A Bcos shtt 2AB cosAwtt B sino t


2AB cosAt

NA+ ?+>ABcos
Case:
Whem simusoidal motion ane in- [Link] Page No
Date

X:A B+ 2ABo s(o)


X NA B>AB

ase 2:
When waves are
out of phase
Awt=180

X:A et2Aeoc(n)
X = NA+B-2Ae

|X = A-B

PROBLEMs
1. A body de scuibes simubtaneously 2 motions
Z 3sinyot

ohot is he masiwm a d mimiu amplitudeof


Cormbimed motion omd what is the beat fequ eney.
[Link] Gwenr

A 3 niits
B 4mits
amhliude
X A-B
-3-Y
27 Page No
|Date

27

-D.15q Hz

Undamed free Vibaion

Deaivation of dilencbal ualion tox single degrce of


cf
vibston:
fueedom shauna masS system subjeted to fee
k(8t)

Restosimg io Faom

-8sin wnt wn
R Acos wnt . n
= n Aces wnt -Bsin wnt
[Link]|
n-A sin ot on-B cos
x- w Asin wnt +8 cos nt) - )
Using s in
Page No
Date

n- Asimet t Bcesa)tkAsin sat

- wn Asinwnt Bes wnt) t k_ Asim wntt Bcos ot)


m

[A sinwt + Bcos

Asimwtt Bcos ol
" x cammol be o

Nad/s

27

To find 'A inial


e' aphy eundan conditi oms
c= Asnt
Bcoswnt -
-t o
o B

Qn A oswnt- Bsin wnt)


wn[A-o
A = Vo

Substtte A , B in

wheen=X V m
* nerqy metaod
he to tal
Acor ding to the
s
haw o couservaiou o eurqy
touetawt,in vibratry sy atem tue
eurqy is hartly hoteu hol 3 harty hinehe.
becavse ot he veloeitu o mass & PE. Shored iu
ue KE. is
because elasie detormatiou
T.E. = K-E: + P. E. C

dt
Le.+pe]

Jhe K-E PE. tor the shriug mass system is giveu oy

k.
P. E
2

wHT,
Total ewgy
2 2

Diytereuiate
2
Lm a
2

+ Kayleiqu's methoo
to tis we thod maxiwun kE at the meau
Aeordiug
hosihou
to maxiwwm P.E. at Me extrewe
hosiiou.,1ue equal
dshlaumeut of
A sin ut

Dyoreuti ate wTt.

-’maximum veloc ty at
mat
meau
hositiou
So, he maxiwmUww K-E. at he hosihon
2 m
2)
ma
P.E. at te extree hosihou
maximum
Siilarly ue

e 2 KA 3)
2

m tK 0
motio is qiveu bu
Sqyuatow
’oRsIQUAL laKATION
wmomeut ot iueria I Counected to
Cousider a mass
toYsioual stitftSS ohicu tusisted by an
a shaft ot shous iu qure
augle e'

a bodu is xotated througu augle released , the


wueu
torsioal bahous uoill result Jhe
free tody iaqram of disqeueral,
in tiqure hlau we a
auqula
K(S+) 1 )

Ie - Kt 3he
So ae equatiou of motou is oriteu as
o hozite to he aMqulaY
wgahve siqu iudica tes to rque
dishlaeweut.

vadls

HX

kouT, osioual eqaMou

radlse 2TT V
ouialerit tiffness of spaimg comainatien
. Spoings in pasallel.
W
(hit h)x ke
ke kit hz

Spings
F_FtF
Ke K,

Ke m
Goneund Pondalum
Page No.

Weose
lsno

T: mb mk

tosgue = T: mgsinYxh
Reetesing Tm h sime
smal
e is vey
Te mghe [e in ad

inetia tovgue is givem by Ie


he
moments ating onbody
Sumning ub all the
mghe o

*Imk+ mh
gh
mk4nh?

27T Nk+h2

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