International Journal of Sciences and Innovation Engineering

( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )

website: [Link] E-ISSN : 3049-0251
Vol.02 No.06. DOI: [Link]

Arduino Based Automatic Voice Controlled Gadget for Smart Applications

Tarak Das*1, Sangsthita Ghosh *2, Mousumi Ganai *3, Suprova Bandyopadhyay *4
*1
Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
*2,*3,*4
Student, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Netaji Subhash Engineering College, Kolkata,
West Bengal, India

Article Info Abstract:

This work focuses on creating a voice-controlled electronic device designed
Article History: to improve convenience and accessibility, especially for people with mobility
issues. The system allows a 12V DC fan to be turned on or off using voice
commands, making everyday tasks easier and more hands-free. The heart of
Published:23 June 2025
the system is an Arduino UNO microcontroller that interprets commands
Publication Issue: received from an HC-05 Bluetooth module, which is paired with an Android
Volume 2, Issue 6 smartphone running by a voice control app. The voice command is first
June-2025 converted into text by using a mobile app and then sent wirelessly to the
Page Number: Arduino. When the Arduino receives the command—like "Fan Speed 1",”
798-804 Fan Speed 2” or "Fan Stop"—it controls the fan through an L298N motor
driver module. This straightforward yet effective setup shows how hardware
Corresponding Author: and software can work together to create a low-cost, easy-to-use home
Tarak Das
automation system. The system performed well during testing, with accurate
responses, quick reaction times, and reliable operation across an entire room.
It lays the groundwork for more advanced smart home solutions that could
include IoT features, scalable design, and improved voice recognition.
Overall, this project highlights how embedded systems and wireless
communication can contribute to smarter, more accessible living
environments.
Keywords: Arduino UNO, Portable Bluetooth Module, Motor Driver, Voice
Control App, Voice Recognition, Low Cost, Living Environment.

1. Introduction
The blending of electronics and smart technology in our daily lives has completely changed
the way we interact with the world around us. From smartphones and smart lights to voice-controlled
assistants, automation is becoming a regular part of everyday living. One of the most accessible and
user-friendly developments in this space is voice-controlled automation. It adds convenience and
efficiency by letting users control devices with simple voice commands where no need to press buttons
or touch screens. Voice control is especially helpful for elderly individuals, people with disabilities, or
in situations where hands-free operation is more practical. Thanks to affordable tools like Arduino
microcontrollers, Bluetooth modules, and smartphone apps, creating these systems is now easier and
more budget-friendly than ever.
This work is especially relevant in today’s world of smart technology. It highlights how
embedded systems, when paired with Bluetooth communication and mobile apps, can help solve real-
life challenges. More than just a technical exercise, it offers a practical solution that enhances
accessibility particularly for people with limited mobility. The work also sets the stage for future
developments in areas like home automation, healthcare support, and personalized tech experiences.

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Copyright © 2025 The Author(s) : This is an open access article under the CC BY license ([Link]
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By using affordable, easy-to-find components, it becomes a great starting point for students, makers,
and hobbyists who want to explore smart electronics. It’s a clear example of how hardware and
software can work together to make everyday life simpler and more connected. In the bigger picture,
this voice-controlled system is a small but meaningful step toward creating smarter, more inclusive
living spaces.
The main goals of this project:

 Design and build a simple voice-controlled system using an Arduino UNO and an HC-05
Bluetooth module.
 Allow users to turn a 12V DC fan speed high, low or off using voice commands sent from a
smartphone.
 Demonstrate how wireless communication can be set up between a mobile device and a
microcontroller.
 Create an educational tool for learning about embedded systems, automation, and voice
recognition.
 Lay the groundwork for future improvements like adding IoT features or controlling multiple
devices at once.

2. Literature Review

Voice-controlled systems have been explored and developed since many years. Recently, with
microcontrollers and wireless modules becoming more affordable and accessible, it’s become much
easier for students, hobbyists, and researchers to build and experiment with these systems. A lot of
work has gone into making voice-controlled devices more reliable, accurate, and responsive, especially
when it comes to smart home applications, where convenience and ease of use are key.

• For instance, Singh et al. (2019) [1] designed a smart home automation system using Google
Assistant and the ESP8266 microcontroller. Their study focused on enabling voice commands through
cloud-based platforms, allowing users to operate lights, fans, and other devices remotely via internet
connectivity. While this system demonstrated impressive functionality, it was dependent on internet
access and cloud services.

• In another study, Kumar and Sharma (2020) [2] developed a simple Bluetooth-based automation
system using Arduino UNO and the HC-05 module. This approach eliminated the dependency on
internet services by utilizing direct communication between a smartphone and the Arduino board.
Their research emphasized the simplicity of integrating low-cost components and highlighted its
applications for the elderly and people with disabilities.

• Ani et al. (2021) [3] proposed an IoT-based voice activated system that used the MIT App Inventor
to create custom mobile applications. Their solution enabled users to control multiple devices using
voice commands, and it featured feedback systems to confirm successful execution of tasks. The study
illustrated the potential of integrating mobile development platforms with microcontrollers for
customized control solutions.

Related Key Points for this work

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 System Design and Implementation: Research focuses on the hardware and software
components required for voice recognition, including microcontrollers like Arduino and
ESP32, and their integration with wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi [5].
 Voice Recognition and Natural Language Processing (NLP): Studies delve into the
accuracy and reliability of voice recognition, exploring techniques like speaker
identification and verification to enhance security [6].
 Security and Privacy: A significant portion of the literature addresses the security
challenges associated with voice-controlled systems, including data privacy concerns and
the potential for unauthorized access [7].
 User Experience and Accessibility: Research examines how these systems impact users'
lives, particularly for elderly and disabled individuals, highlighting the benefits of remote
control and hands-free operation [8].
 Cost and Affordability: Studies also explore the feasibility of implementing these
systems, with a focus on developing low-cost, accessible solutions for a wider range of
users [9].

3. Design and development.

To build this voice-controlled electronic automated speed controller, several key hardware components
along with some software tools are used, each serving an important purpose in the system.

3.1. The Hardware Components:

Arduino UNO R3: Acting as the brain of the project, the Arduino UNO is an open-source
microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P chip. It processes the voice commands received
through the Bluetooth module and responds by controlling the connected devices—like turning the fan
speed high, low or off.
HC-05 Bluetooth Module: This is a popular and easy-to-use Bluetooth module that allows the Arduino
to communicate wirelessly with an Android smartphone. It works using serial communication and
operates on 3.3V logic levels. With a typical range of up to 10 meters, it makes it possible to send voice
commands from the phone to the Arduino without any physical connection.
L298N Motor Driver Module: This module is used to control the 12V DC fan in the project. It’s based
on a dual H-bridge driver IC, which means it can manage the speed and direction of two DC motors at
the same time. In this setup, it acts as the bridge between the Arduino and the fan, helping to carry out
the commands received through voice control.
12V DC Fan: Acts as the output load. The fan will be turned ON or OFF based on voice commands
given to the system.
Power Supply Adapter (12V, 2A): Supplies power to the motor and other components.
Breadboard and Jumper Wires: Facilitate the temporary setup of the circuit during the development
and testing phase.
PVC Enclosure: Used to securely house all the components for presentation and protection
3.2. The Software Tools:

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• Arduino IDE: This is the official software used to write, compile, and upload code to the Arduino
board. It supports C/C++ and offers a beginner-friendly interface for programming.

• MIT App Inventor (optional): A user-friendly, drag-and-drop platform that lets you create custom
Android apps without needing advanced coding skills. It’s a great tool if you want to build your own
voice control app.

• BT Voice Control for Arduino App: A ready-to-use Android app available on the Play Store. It listens
to voice commands, converts them into text, and sends that data to the Arduino via Bluetooth—making
it simple to control devices wirelessly.

3.3. Circuit Diagram:

The basic diagram of the used circuit in this work is depicted in Fig-1.

Fig-1: The basic circuit diagram of the System

3.4. Circuit Connection:

3.4.1. HC-05 Bluetooth Module:

 VCC to Arduino 5V
 GND to Arduino GND
 TXD (HC-05) to Arduino Pin 10 (BLUETOOTH_RX_PIN)
 RXD (HC-05) to Arduino Pin 11 (BLUETOOTH_TX_PIN)
3.4.2. DC Motor & Motor Driver (e.g., L298N):

 DC motor to the motor output terminals of the driver.

 Motor driver's power supply (VMOT) to external power source for the motor.
 Motor driver's GND to Arduino GND and external power source GND.
 Motor driver’s ENA (or equivalent PWM speed control pin) to Arduino Pin 3
(MOTOR_PWM_PIN).
3.4.3. If using direction pins (IN1, IN2):

 IN1 to Arduino Pin 8 (MOTOR_IN1_PIN)

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 IN2 to Arduino Pin 9 (MOTOR_IN2_PIN)

 If not using these in code, ensure they are set (e.g., one HIGH, one LOW) for the desired
fixed direction as per your driver's datasheet.
3.5. Google Assistant Setup guide:

Phone Setup Guide:

 Install a Bluetooth Serial Terminal app on your smartphone (e.g., "Serial Bluetooth
Terminal" on Android).
 Pair your phone with the HC-05 Bluetooth module. The default HC-05 PIN is usually "1234"
or "0000".
Test Bluetooth App Guide:
 Open the Bluetooth terminal app and connect to the HC-05.
 Try sending commands like "FAN SPEED 1" (followed by a newline/send button press)
directly from the app.
 Check the Arduino Serial Monitor for received commands and motor response.
3.6. Google Assistant Integration:
This is the trickiest part and depends on your phone's OS and available apps.

Option A (Tasker - Android): Use an app like Tasker with a plugin like AutoVoice or a Bluetooth
Serial plugin to:
Capture a voice command from Google Assistant (e.g., "Hey Google, set fan to speed 2").
Have Tasker parse this command and send the corresponding string ("FAN SPEED 2") to the
Bluetooth terminal app or directly to the HC-05 via a Bluetooth serial action.

Option B (IFTTT/Shortcuts - iOS/Android):

Create Google Assistant applets/shortcuts:
When you say a phrase (e.g., "Hey Google, fan low speed"), it might trigger an action that can
communicate with an app that then sends the Bluetooth command. This often requires an intermediate
app or service that can bridge Google Assistant to Bluetooth serial actions.

Option C (Direct App Integration): Some Bluetooth terminal apps might have direct Google
Assistant integration features or plugins.
3.7. Voice Command:
 “Hey Google, [trigger phrase to send command to your Bluetooth app] FAN OFF"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN SPEED 1"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN SPEED 2"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN SPEED 3"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN SPEED 4"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN SPEED 5"
 "Hey Google, [trigger phrase] FAN MAX"

4. Results & Analysis

The output of the develop system is given below in Fig-2.

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ISSN (Online):3049-0251

Test Case Voice Command Expected Output Expected Status

Output
TC1 “Fan STOP” Fan turns OFF Fan turned OFF Pass
TC2 “Fan speed 1” Correct operation Some delay Partial Pass
TC3 “Fan speed 2” Correct operation Some delay Partial Pass
TC4 “Fan speed 3” Correct operation Some delay Partial Pass
TC5 “Fan speed 4” Correct operation Some delay Partial Pass
TC6 “Fan speed 5” Correct operation Some delay Partial Pass
Fig-2: Test result and output of the system.
In Fig-2. the system successfully responded to all valid voice commands with minimal delay
(approx. 0.5–1 second). It ignored unrelated inputs, indicating appropriate filtering.

Fig-3: Inside View of the final System

Fig-4: Final system with Fan speed Controll

5. Conclusion & Future Scope

The Voice-Controlled Automatic Electronic Gadget project clearly shows how combining Arduino,
Bluetooth, and mobile voice apps can change the way we interact with our surroundings. It offers a
simple, hands-free, and user-friendly way to control everyday electronic devices—making life more
convenient and accessible. By using affordable components and open-source tools, this project proves
that meaningful innovation doesn't have to come with a high price tag. It’s especially helpful for people
with physical challenges and elderly users, offering a practical and reliable smart control system for

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the home. Throughout the project, key skills in embedded systems, circuit design, and microcontroller
programming were reinforced, encouraging a well-rounded, interdisciplinary approach.
The techniques are easy to upgrade for health care implementation by adding IoT features or
integrating AI-powered voice assistants along with mechatronics to make artificial voice-controlled
health care device like voice-controlled hands etc., which is a strong steppingstone toward a smarter,
more inclusive future.

References

1. Singh, A., Raj, P., & Mehta, N. (2019). Smart Home Automation using Google Assistant and ESP8266.
Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation.
2. Kumar, R. & Sharma, P. (2020). Bluetooth Based Home Automation System Using Arduino UNO and
Android Application. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 9 Issue
7.
3. Rani, S., Das, A., & Mishra, S. (2021). Voice Activated IoT Devices via MIT App Inventor and [Link]:
IoT and Analytics for Sensor Networks. Springer.
4. Arduino Documentation. (n.d.). Arduino UNO. Retrieved from
[Link]
5. Rachi Dhukate et al. SPDC DNYANAKOSH Vol. 1 Issue 1 2023 : pp 10 – 15
[Link]
6. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Published by,
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automated-web-application-
[Link]#:~:text=Voice%20automation%20is%20based%20on%20NLP%20(natural,
want%20to%20be%20executed%20over%20our%20websites.
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automationsystem#:~:text=In%20conclusion%2C%20while%20voice%2Dcontrolled,and%20security%2
0of%20these%20systems.
8. VOICE CONTROL HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM USING RASPBERRY PI Rohit Jaykar*1,
Shraddha Chobe*2, Tejshree Kamegaonkar*3, Varsha Surwase*4 *1,2,3Student, Department of
ENTC Engineering, VPKBIET Baramati, Maharashtra, India. *4Professor, Department of ENTC
Engineering, VPKBIET Baramati Maharashtra, India.
9. Components101. (n.d.). L298N Motor Driver Module. Retrieved from
[Link]
10. ElectronicWings. (n.d.). HC-05 with Arduino. Retrieved from [Link]
11. MIT App Inventor. (n.d.). Official App Inventor Resources. Retrieved from [Link]
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Applications. International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 184.
13. Sharma, D. & Prasad, R. (2018). Microcontroller Based Smart Control Systems. Techno Publications.

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