Evolution
MCQ
1. Primitive atmosphere was made up of the mixture of :
(1) Oxygen, ammonia, methane, water
(2) Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, oxygen
(3) Hydrogen, steam, methane, ammonia
(4) Oxygen, methane, water, nickle
2. Which compounds were formed in the direction of the origin of life :
(1) Urea, nucleic-acid (2) Urea, amino-acid (3) Proteins, nucleic-acid
3. What is most important for origin of life :
(1) Carbon (2) Oxygen (3) Water (4) Nitrogen
[Link] succeeded in disproving the theory of spontaneous generation
because :
(1) The laboratory was clean (2) He pulled out the neck of flask into a tube
(3) He was lucky (4) Yeast used in flask were dead
5. Oxygen in atmosphere has been formed by :
(1) Evaporation of water (3) Metabolism of microorganisms
(2) Photosynthesis of blue green algae (4) Decaying organisms
6. Primitive atmosphere was reducing because :
(1) Hydrogen atoms were few
(2) Hydrogen atoms were active and in greater number
(3) Nitrogen atoms were more
(4) Oxygen atoms were more
7. Who called larger colloidal particles of primitive sea as coacervates :
(1) Fox (2) Oparin (3) Empedocles (4) Haldane
8. Who called water of primitive sea as pre biotic soup :
(1) Haldane (2) Oparin (3) Fox (4) Huxley
9. Oparin's theory is based on :
(1) Artificial synthesis (2) Spontaneous generation
(3) God's will (4) All
10. Which biologist gave most logical biochemical theory of origin of life ?
(1) Urey (2) Oparin (3) Stanley Miller (4) Haeckel
[Link] the course of origin of life what was the sequence of substances
which appeared on earth :
(1) Water, oxygen, nucleic acids, enzymes
(2) Amino acids, ammonia, phosphates, nucleic acids
(3) Glucose, amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins
(4) Ammonia, Amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids
12. Which of the following sets do not have homologous organs :
(1) Wings of mosquito and butterfly (2) Wings of butterfly and bat
(3) Mouth parts of cockroach and butter fly (4) None of them
[Link] of locust, pigeon, and bat are example of :
(1) Vestigial organs (2) Analogous organs (3) Homologous organs
(4) Exoskeleton
14. Homology is exhibited by :
(1) Wings of butterfly, birds and bat
(2) Paddle of whale, forearm of horse and forelimbs of man
(3) Tail of monkey and bird
(4) Sting of scorpion and honey bee
ASSERTION – REASON QUESTIONS
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by
a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as:
(1) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation of Assertion.
(2) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of Assertion.
(3) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(4) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
1. Assertion : The primitive atmosphere was reducing once i.e., without
oxygen.
Reason : In the primitive atmosphere, oxygen was involved in forming ozone.
2. Assertion : Organic compounds first evolved in earth required for origin of
life were protein and nucleic acid.
Reason : All life forms were in water environment only.
3. Assertion : Coacervates are believed to be the precursors of life.
Reason : Coacervates were self-duplicating aggregates of proteins
surrounded by lipid molecules.
4. Assertion : The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-
green and presumably anaerobes.
Reason : The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that
never released oxygen.
5. Assertion: We have lost all the direct evidence of origin of life.
Reason: The persons responsible for protecting evidences were not skilled.
6. Assertion: Thorns and tendrils of Bougainvillea and cucurbita represent
homology.
Reason: Homologous organs have similar functions but are different in their
structural details and origin.
7. Assertion: Analogous structures are different in appearance with same
function.
Reason: Divergent evolution leads to analogy.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Explain Oparin-Haldane theory of chemical evolution of life.
2. Distinguish between convergent and divergent evolution giving one
example of each.
3. How did Louis Pasteur disprove spontaneous generation theory?
4. Define homologous organs? Give one example of organ homologous to
hand of man?
5. Describe one evidence which decisively proves that birds have evolved
from reptiles?
6. What is adaptive radiation? Explain with an example.
7. Classify the following as examples of homology and analogy
(i) Hearts of fish and crocodile
(ii) Wings of butterfly and birds
(iii) Eyes of Octopus and Mammals
(iv) Tubers of potato and Sweet potato
(v) Thorns of Bougainvillea and spines of Opuntia
(vi) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of cucurbits.
[Link] Miller and Harold Urey performed an experiment by
recreating in the laboratory the probable conditions of the atmosphere
of the primitive earth.
(i) What was the aim of the experiment?
(ii) In what forms was the energy supplied for chemical reactions to
occur?
(iii) For how long was the experiment run continuously? Name two
products formed.