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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, Aqeeb Patel, student of
Class 12th has successfully completed the CBSE
Informatic Practices project under the guidance
of Mrs. Saleha Naz, for the academic year
2025-26.
External Examiner Internal Examiner
Principal
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School Stamp
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude
to our principal Ms. Shubhra Srivastava for her
encouragement and for all the facilities that she
provided for this project work.
I extend my hearty thanks to Ms. Saleha Naz, IP
teacher, who guided me to the successful completion
of this project. I take this opportunity to express my
deep sense of gratitude for his guidance, constant
encouragement, constructive comments, sympathetic
attitude and immense motivation, which has sustained
my efforts at all stages of this project work. I would
like to thank my parents and friends who helped me in
finalizing this project.
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Index-
Page-no.
1. Front-page
1
2. Certificate
2
3. Acknowledgement
3
4. Index no
4
5. About project
5
6. about python
6
7. about pandas
7
8. about matplotlib
8
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9. CSV’ s
9
10. python code
10-18
11. output
19-22
12. Bibliology
23
13. Thank-you page
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Galaxies and Quantum Physics
are two fascinating fields that
represent the vast and the minute
scales of the universe. Galaxies,
massive systems of stars, gas, dust,
and dark matter, stretch across
millions of light-years and shape the
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large-scale structure of the cosmos.
On the other hand, quantum physics
explores the behaviour of matter and
energy at the smallest scales, such
as atoms and subatomic particles.
Although they seem unrelated,
modern science is increasingly
exploring connections between the
quantum world and cosmic
phenomena—like how quantum
fluctuations in the early universe
may have seeded the formation of
galaxies. Studying both realms helps
scientists understand the universe
from its tiniest building blocks to its
largest structures.
Python- is a powerful, high-level
programming language that is widely
used across various fields such as
web development, data science,
artificial intelligence, automation,
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and more. It was created by Guido
van Rossum and first released in
1991. Python is known for its simple
and easy-to-read syntax, which
makes it an ideal choice for
beginners as well as professionals.
Being an interpreted and open-
source language, it allows
programmers to write code that is
both clear and efficient. Python is
platform-independent and supports a
wide range of libraries and
frameworks, making development
faster and more flexible. Its
popularity continues to rise due to its
versatility, strong community
support, and wide range of
applications in modern technology.
Pandas- is a powerful and easy-to-
use open-source library in Python
used for data manipulation and
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analysis. It provides two main data
structures: Series (one-dimensional)
and DataFrame (two-dimensional),
which are designed to handle
structured data efficiently. With
Pandas, users can perform tasks
such as data cleaning, filtering,
sorting, merging, grouping, and
reshaping with just a few lines of
code. It is widely used in data
science, machine learning, finance,
and research fields due to its
flexibility and ability to handle large
datasets. Built on top of NumPy,
Pandas makes data analysis in
Python faster, more intuitive, and
more productive.
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CSV-
CSV stands for Comma-
Separated Values. It is a simple
file format used to store tabular
data, such as a spreadsheet or
database. Each line in a CSV
file represents a row, and each
value in that row is separated
by a comma (,). CSV files are
widely supported by programs
like Microsoft Excel, Google
Sheets, and programming
languages such as Python and
R. They are easy to read and
edit with any text editor,
making them popular for data
exchange and storage.
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CSV-1 galaxies
CSV-2 quantum_ data
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Python code-
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Output—
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After-
Bibliology-
1. Chatgpt
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2. [Link]
3. Preeti arora textbook
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