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Some Important Questions for the MODULE-5 (BSM301)

2 Marks Questions:
1. Define Null and Alternative hypotheses.
2. Write the expression of Test Statistic for possible acceptance or rejection of the Null
hypotheses.
3. When Type I error is formed in Testing of a statistical hypothesis?
4. When Type II error is formed in Testing of a statistical hypothesis?
5. A milk processing company claims that every pouch pack of milk supplied by them
contains 500 ml of milk. One consumer collected a sample of 30 pouch pack of milk
to test whether the mean content  of the collected pouch packs is 500 ml or less.
Write the problem in terms of null and alternative hypotheses.
6. A cigarette manufacturing company claims that the nicotine content in one cigarette
of their brand is 1.5 mg. A smoker of the brand will have objection if the nicotine
content in their brand is more than 1.5 mg due to obvious reasons. He collected a
sample of 100 sticks of the brand and will verify whether the mean nicotine content
 in the sample exceeds 1.5 mg. Write the problem in terms of null and alternative
hypotheses.
7. Define the term - Level of Significance mentioning the commonly used levels of
significances.
8. Define the term - Level of Significance mentioning the commonly used levels of
significances.
9. Let under a given hypothesis, the sampling distribution of a statistic t is
approximately a normal distribution with mean  E (t ) and standard deviation   t =

S.E. of t. then write the expression of ‘Test statistic’.

10. If the level of significance is 5%, then write the rules of decision for acceptance of the
null hypothesis in terms of the test statistic.
11. If the level of significance is 1%, then write the rules of decision for acceptance of the
null hypothesis in terms of the test statistic.
12. To test the unbiasedness of a die it is thrown 6 times and is accepted the unbiasedness
if not more than one six is obtained. Find the probability of Type I error.
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13. Suppose we have two independent random samples of size n1 and n2 from two

normal populations 1 , 1  and 2 ,  2  respectively. The sample means are x1 and

x2 respectively. Write the expression for the S.E. of ( x1  x2 ).

14. In testing of hypothesis, write the expression of 95% Confidence limits for the
population mean.
15. In testing of hypothesis, write the expression of 99% Confidence limits for the
population mean.
16. A sample of 16 items is randomly drawn from a normal population with unknown
mean and s.d. = 12. If the mean of the sample is 40, find 95% interval estimate of the
population mean.
17. A sample of 25 items is randomly drawn from a normal population with unknown
mean and s.d. = 6. If the mean of the sample is 30, then estimate 99% interval
estimate of the population mean.
18. A random sample of size 10 was taken from a normal population whose variance is
known to be 7.056 sq. inches. If the sample mean is 67.2 inches, write 99%
confidence limits for the population mean.
19. Two independent random samples of sizes 8 and 6 are drawn from two normal
populations with unknown means 1 and 2 and variances 32 and 30 respectively. If
the sample means are 68.1 and 60.4, find 95% confidence limits for the difference of
population means.

5 Marks Questions:
1. In order to test whether a coin is perfect, the coin is tossed 5 times. The null
hypothesis of perfectness is rejected if more than 4 heads are obtained. Obtain the
probability of Type I Error.
2. The fraction of defective items in a large lot is p. To test the null hypothesis
H 0 : p  0.2, one considered the number f of defectives in a sample of 8 items and

accepts the hypothesis if f  6 and rejects the hypothesis otherwise. What is the
probability of Type I Error of this test?
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3. In order to test whether a coin is perfect, the coin is tossed 5 times. The null
hypothesis of perfectness is rejected if more than 4 heads are obtained. Obtain the
probability of Type II Error when the corresponding probability of head is 0.2.
4. The fraction of defective items in a large lot is p. To test the null hypothesis

H 0 : p  0.1 one considered the number f of defectives in a sample of 8 items and

accepts the hypothesis if f  6 and rejects the hypothesis otherwise. What is the
probability of Type II Error?
5. In a random sample of size 100 taken from a population of size 1,000, the mean and
s.d. of a sample characteristic are found to be 4.8 and 1.1 respectively. Find the 95%
confidence interval for the population mean.
6. In a sample of 500 people in Kerala, 280 are tea drinkers and the rest are coffee
drinkers. Can we assume that both coffee and tea are equally popular in the state at
1% level of significance?
7. A Telecom service provider claims that individual customers pay on an average 400
rs. per month with a s.d. of 25 rs. A random sample of 50 customer’s bills during a
given month is taken with a mean of 250 rs. and s.d. of 15 rs. What to say with respect
to the claim made by the service provider?
8. An automatic machine was designed to pack exactly 2.0 kg of vanaspati. A sample of
100 tins was examined to test the machine. The average weight was found to be 1.94
kg with s.d. 0.10 kg. Is the machine working properly at 1% level of significance?

9. The mean life time of a sample of 100 tube lights produced by a company is
computed to be 1570 hours with a S.D. of 120 hours. The company claims that the
average life of the tubes produced by the company is 1600 hours. Using the level of
significance of 0.05, is the claim acceptable?

10. Blood glucose levels for obese patients have a mean of 100 with a s.d. of 15. A
researcher thinks that a diet high in raw cornstarch will have a positive or negative
effect on blood glucose levels. A sample of 30 patients who have tried the raw
cornstarch diet have a mean glucose level of 140. Test the hypothesis that the raw
cornstarch had an effect.
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11. A sample survey on buying habits conducted in two super markets A and B of
Bombay City on 400 women shoppers give the following results:
A (in Rs.) B in (Rs.)

Average purchases 250 220

Standard deviation 40 55

Test at 1% level of significance whether the average purchases are equal in the two super
markets.

12. A machine part was designed to withstand an average pressure of 120 unit. A random
sample of size 100 from a large batch was tested and it was found that the average
pressure which these parts can withstand is 105 units with a standard deviation of 20
units. Test at 5% level whether this batch meets the specification. Assume that the
population has a normal distribution.

13. A sample of 400 male students is found to have a mean height of 171.38 cm. Can it be
reasonably regarded as a sample from a large population with mean height 117.17 cm
and s.d. 3.30 cm
14. Two independent random samples of sizes 8 and 6 are drawn from two normal
populations with unknown means 1 and 2 and variances 32 and 30 respectively. If
the sample means are 68.1 and 60.4, find 95% confidence limits for the difference of
population means.
15. A dice was thrown 400 times and ‘six’ resulted 80 times. Do the data justify the
hypothesis of an unbiased dice?
16. (a) What is meant by a test of a null hypothesis?
(b) What are Type I and Type II Errors?
(c) Explain the terms: Tests of Significance, Null hypothesis, Critical region, Level of
Significance. The explanations must be as brief as possible.
17. Explain clearly the following terms in connection with testing of hypothesis: (i)
Region of Acceptance, (ii) First kind of error, (iii) Second kind of error.
18. In order to test whether a coin is perfect. I shall toss it six times. I shall reject the null
hypothesis of perfectness if and only if I get no head or 6 heads. What is then the
probability of Type I error for my test?
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19. A professor is concerned with the effectiveness of a given teaching technique. What
null hypothesis is he testing if he is committing a Type I error when he erroneously
concludes that the particular teaching technique is effective?

10 Marks Questions

1. In a certain district A, 450 persons were considered regular consumers of tea out of a
sample of 1,000 persons. In another district B, 400 were regular consumer of tea out
of a sample of 800 persons. Do these facts reveal a significant difference between the
two districts as far as tea-drinking habit is concerned? Test at 5% level of
significance.
2. Two independent random samples of sizes 8 and 6 are drawn from two normal
populations with unknown means 1 and 2 and variances 32 and 30 respectively. If
the sample means are 68.1 and 60.4 respectively, find 95% confidence limits for the
difference of population means.
3. A manufacturer claimed that at least 90% of the components which was supplied,
conformed to specifications. A random sample of 200 components showed that only
164 were up to the standard. Test this claim at 5% level of significance.
4. A coin is tossed 900 times and head appears 490 times. Does this result support the
hypothesis that the coin is unbiased?
5. Intelligence tests on two groups- one group consisting of 121 girls and the other group
consisting of 81 boys - give the following results:

Group Mean Standard deviation

Girls 84 10

Boys 81 12

Examine if the difference is significant? Test at 5% level of [Link] P

denotes the probability of getting a head when a given coin is tossed once. Suppose
that the hypothesis H 0 : P  0.5 is rejected in favour of H1 : P  0.6, if 10 trials result
in 7 or more heads. Calculate the probability of Type I error and Type II errors.
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6. The mean breaking strength of the cables supplied by a manufacturer is 1800 with a
standard deviation 100. By a new technique in the manufacturing process it is claimed
that the breaking strength of the cables have increased. In order to test the claim a
sample of 50 cables is tested. It is found that the mean breaking strength is 1850. Can
we support the claim at 0.01 level of significance? [Given the area under standard
normal curve is 0.01 enclosed between the ordinates z  2.33 and z   ]
7. A dietitian has developed a new low- fat weight reducing diet. Two random samples
of size 20 each of obese people are taken for an experiment. One group is provided by
the new low-fat diet and the other group by an existing weight reducing fat diet. For
each individual of both groups, the amount of loss (or gain) in weight in a month is
recorded. From the following data on weight-loss, test at 5% significance level if the
new low-fat diet is more effective in reducing weights compared to the existing one.

New low-fat diet Existing weight reducing diet

n1  20 n2  20

x1  3.8 kg x2  2.4 kg

Assume that the weight losses for the two diets- X 1 for the new diet and X 2 for the
existing diet are independently distributed random variables with respective standard
deviations 2.3 kg and 2.6 kg. [Given P( z  1.645)  0.05, z is a standard normal
variate.]

8. A die was thrown 9000 times and of these 3220 yielded a 3 or 4. Is this consistent

 2.58

with the hypothesis that the die was unbiased? Given   ( z)dz  0.95
 2.58 
9. A survey was conducted to observe if the smokers have high pulse rates than the non-
smokers. Two random samples, each of size 100, from smokers and non-smokers are taken. It
is observed that the sample means of pulse rates are 92 and 90 per minutes for the smokers
and non-smokers respectively. The sample standard deviations are respectively 7 and 9. Test
at 5% significance level if the smokers have higher pulse rates. Assume that the pulse rates
are normally distributed. [Given P( z  1.645)  0.05, where z is a standard normal variate.]
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10. The mean of a random sample of size 10 is 12.1. It is known that the population s.d. is 3.2.
Can it be concluded that the sample came from a normal population with mean 14.5? Find
99% confidence limits for the population mean.
11. In a sample of 600 parts manufactured by a factory, the number of defective parts was found
to be 45. The company however claimed that almost 5% of their product is defective. Is the
 2.3

claim acceptable? Given   ( z)dz  0.99
  
12. In order to test whether a coin is perfect, the coin is tossed 5 times. The null hypothesis of
perfectness is rejected if and only if more than 4 heads are obtained. What is the probability
of Type I error? Find the probability of Type II error when the corresponding probability of
head is 0.2.
13. The proportion of defective items in a large lot of items is p. To test the. hypothesis p = 0.2,
we take a random sample of 8 items and accept the hypothesis if the number of defectives in
the sample is 6 or less. Find the probability of type I error of the test. What is the type II error
if p = 0.3?
14. A coin is tossed 900 times and heads appear 490 times. Does this result support the
hypothesis that the coin is unbiased?
15. A sample of size 600 persons selected at random from a large city shows that the percentage
of male in the sample is 53%. It is believed that male to total population ratio in the city is
1/2. Test whether this belief is confirmed by the observation. Also, find 95% confidence
limits for the percentage of males in the whole city.
16. In a sample of 500 people in Kerala, 280 are tea drinkers and the rest are coffee drinkers. Can
we assume that both coffee and tea are equally popular in this State at 1% level of
significance?
17. Over a long period, a travelling salesman's records show a proportion of successful calls of
1/3. He tries a new technique and achieves 19 successes in 40 calls. Does this signify that the
new technique is effective?
18. In a sample of 400 parts manufactured by a factory, the number of defective parts was found
to be 30. The company however claims that only 5% of their product is defective. Is the claim
tenable?
19. A manufacturer claimed that at least 95% of the equipment which he supplied to a factory
conformed to specifications. An examination of a sample of 200 pieces of equipment
revealed that 18 were faulty. Test his claim at a significance level of (i) .05, (ii) .01.
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20. A manufacturer claimed that at least 90% of the components which hw supplied, conformed
to specifications. A random sample of 200 components showed that only 164 were up to the
standard. Test this claim at 5% level of significance.
21. A Life Insurance Company has 1500 policies averaging Rs 2,000 on lives at age 30. From the
experience table, it is found that of 100,000 alive at age 30, only 99,000 are alive at age 31.
Find the lower and the upper values of the amount that Company will have to pay out in
insurance during the year.