CLASS 10 - HEREDITY - ASSIGNMENT
1. The number of chromosomes in human sperm is---------.
2. The sex chromosomes in human female is denoted as---------.
3. The plant used by Mendel for his experiments is-----------.
4. The type of cell division which makes germ cells possess only a single set of genes from the normal
two copies that other cells have is---------------------.
5. Mention any four recessive traits in garden pea.
6. List two differences in tabular form between dominant trait and recessive trait.
7. Write the contrasting traits for the following characteristics: seed shape, pod color and flower position.
8. Show how genes control traits with the help of an example.
9. What is the F2 phenotypic ratio that Mendel obtained from a dihybrid cross in pea plants?
10. When two---------------combine, they will restore the normal number of chromosomes in the
progeny, ensuring the ---- of the-------of the species.
11. In reptiles the ----------------- of the---------egg determines the sex of the young.
12. In animals such as -------------, individuals can change ----.
13. A heterozygous rabbit is crossed with a homozygous dominant rabbit. What are the results?
(B = gray b = white).
14. If two black mice are crossed, ten black and three white mice result. a. Which allele is
dominant? b. Which allele is recessive? c. What are the genotypes of the parents?
15. If long floppy ears is dominant (L), over short spiked ears (l) and you find a puppy with long floppy
ears, how could you determine the puppy’s genotype?
16. In watermelons, the alleles for green colour (G) and round shape (R) are dominant. Green colour with
stripes and oval shape are recessive. A plant that is oval and green with stripes is crossed with a plant that
is heterozygous for both traits. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes for the offspring?
17. Is it possible that a trait gets inherited, but not expressed ? Give an example to justify your answer.
18. Sahil performed an experiment to study the inheritance pattern of genes. He crossed tall pea plants (TT)
with short pea plants (tt) and obtained all tall plants in F1 generation.
(i) What will be set of genes present in the F1 generation?
(ii) Give reason why only tall plants are observed in F1 progeny.
(iii) When F1 plants were self-pollinated, a total of 800 plants were produced. How many of these
would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the genotype of F2 generation.
19. A woman has only daughters. Analyse the situation genetically and provide a suitable explanation.
20. In the following crosses write the characteristics of the progeny
Cross Progeny
(a) RR YY x RR YY ...........................
Round, yellow Round, yellow ...........................
(b) Rr Yy x Rr Yy ...........................
Round, yellow Round, yellow ...........................
(c) rr yy x rr yy ...........................
wrinkled, green wrinkled, green ...........................
(d) RR YY x rr yy ...........................
Round, yellow wrinkled green ...........................
21.
What percentage of the plants is likely to produce white flowers?
a. 25% b 50 % c. 75 % d. 100%
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22. A trait in an organism is influenced by
(a) paternal DNA only
(b) maternal DNA only
(c) both maternal and paternal DNA
(d) neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA
23. A cross made between two pea plants produces 50% tall and 50% short pea plants. The gene
combination of the parental pea plants must be
[Link] and Tt [Link] and tt [Link] and Tt [Link] and tt
24. Attached earlobes in humans is an inherited trait. The allele for the attached earlobes is recessive. What
are the chances of parents, both having attached earlobes,to have a child with attached earlobes?
a. 100% b.75% c. 25% d.0%
25. Chromosomes :
(i) carry hereditary information from parents to the next generation.
(ii) are thread like structures located inside the nucleus of an animal cell.
(iii) always exist in pairs in human reproductive cells.
(iv) are involved in the process of cell division.
The correct statements are:
a. (i) and (ii) b. (iii) and (iv) c. (i), (ii) and (iv) d. (i) and (iv)
26. In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosome
is/are
(i) large chromosome
(ii) small chromosome
(iii) Y-chromosome
(iv) X-chromosome
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (iii) only (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
27. A cross between two tall pea plants resulted in offsprings having a few dwarf plants. The gene-
combination of the parental plants must be
a. Tt and Tt b. Tt and tt c. TT and tt d. TT and Tt
28. Two pea plants, one round green (RRyy) seeds and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce
F1 progeny that has round yellow (RrYy) seeds. If the F1 progeny plants are selfed, then the minimum
number of plants of the F2 progeny will have the following observable characters:
(A) Wrinkled green (B) Wrinkled yellow (C) Round green (D) Round yellow
29. Mendel selected garden pea plant for hybridisation experiments for which of the following reasons?
I. Pea plants have short life cycle and are easy to maintain.
II. Pea plants are cross pollinating plants.
III. The flowers of pea plants are unisexual.
IV. Pea plants have distinct, easily observable contrasting traits.
(a) I, II and IV (b) I, III and IV (c) I and III (d) I and IV
30. Assertion (A): Chromosomes inherited from the parents decide the sex of a child.
Reason (R): Y chromosome in a male child is inherited from the father.
31. Assertion (A): In human beings, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Reason (R): All the children inherit an X chromosome from their father whether they are boys or girls.
32. Assertion (A): Variations always provide a survival advantage to an organism.
Reason (R): Variations can be caused due to incorrect DNA copying.
33. Assertion (A): DNA is passed from parents to offspring.
Reason (R): DNA contains the genetic information that determines an organism's traits.
34. Assertion (A): Offspring from sexual reproduction show variations. Reason (R): Sexual reproduction
involves the fusion of gametes from two parents.
35. Assertion(A): Mendel selected the pea plant for his experiments.
Reason (R) : Pea plant is cross-pollinating and has unisexual flowers.
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