1Q: The process by which plants make food using sunlight is called?

A: Photosynthesis.

2. Q: Green pigment in leaves?

A: Chlorophyll.

3. Q: Which gas is released during photosynthesis?

A: Oxygen.

4. Q: Which gas do humans exhale?

A: Carbon dioxide.

5. Q: Name the main source of energy for Earth.

A: Sun.

6. Q: Animals that eat only plants are called?

A: Herbivores.

7. Q: Animals that eat only flesh are called?

A: Carnivores.

8. Q: Animals that eat both plants and animals are?

A: Omnivores.

9. Q: Which part of the plant absorbs water from soil?

A: Roots.
10. Q: The flat green part of a plant is called?
A: Leaf.

11. Q: The organ that pumps blood in the body?

A: Heart.

12. Q: Blood carries what gas from lungs to body cells?

A: Oxygen.

13. Q: What do we use to measure temperature?

A: Thermometer.

14. Q: Normal human body temperature in Celsius?

A: 37°C.

15. Q: What instrument is used to measure distance?

A: Scale or Measuring tape.

16. Q: Unit of length?

A: Metre.

17. Q: Unit of mass?

A: Kilogram.

18. Q: Unit of time?

A: Second.

19. Q: Which energy makes things visible?

A: Light energy.

20. Q: The bouncing back of light from a surface is called?

A: Reflection.

21. Q: What type of mirror is used in vehicles?

A: Convex mirror.

22. Q: Which mirror is used by dentists?

A: Concave mirror.

23. Q: What is the speed of light?

A: 3 × 10⁸ m/s.

24. Q: Device that converts electrical energy into sound?

A: Loudspeaker.

25. Q: Device that converts electrical energy into light?

A: Bulb.

26. Q: Flow of electric charge is called?

A: Electric current.

27. Q: What is the SI unit of electric current?

A: Ampere.

28. Q: Which material allows electricity to pass through?

A: Conductor.
29. Q: Which material does not allow electricity to pass?
A: Insulator.

30. Q: What is used to open or close a circuit?

A: Switch.

31. Q: What is the symbol for iron?

A: Fe.

32. Q: Symbol for oxygen?

A: O.

33. Q: Symbol for hydrogen?

A: H.

34. Q: Symbol for carbon?

A: C.

35. Q: Symbol for gold?

A: Au.

36. Q: Symbol for sodium?

A: Na.

37. Q: Symbol for water?

A: H₂O.
38. Q: Boiling point of water?
A: 100°C.

39. Q: Freezing point of water?

A: 0°C.

40. Q: The process of water changing into vapour?

A: Evaporation.

41. Q: The process of vapour changing into water?

A: Condensation.

42. Q: The process of changing solid directly into gas?

A: Sublimation.

43. Q: Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

A: Mars.

44. Q: Which planet is closest to the Sun?

A: Mercury.

45. Q: Which planet is known as the Blue Planet?

A: Earth.

46. Q: Which planet is largest in the solar system?

A: Jupiter.

47. Q: Which planet has rings?

A: Saturn.

48. Q: Name the natural satellite of Earth.

A: Moon.

49. Q: Shape of the Earth?

A: Spherical.

50. Q: The layer of air surrounding Earth is called?

A: Atmosphere.

51. Q: Gas needed for burning?

A: Oxygen.

52. Q: Which gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?

A: Carbon dioxide.

53. Q: What is the hardest natural substance?

A: Diamond.

54. Q: What is the softest mineral?

A: Talc.

55. Q: Energy stored in food is called?

A: Chemical energy.
56. Q: The process of removing undigested food?
A: Egestion.

57. Q: Which vitamin is made in the skin by sunlight?

A: Vitamin D.

58. Q: Which mineral helps in formation of bones and teeth?

A: Calcium.

59. Q: Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C?

A: Scurvy.

60. Q: Which disease is caused by deficiency of iron?

A: Anaemia.

61. Q: Which part of the plant makes seeds?

A: Flower.

62. Q: Which part of a plant carries food?

A: Phloem.

63. Q: Which part carries water?

A: Xylem.

64. Q: The seed part that grows into a new plant?

A: Embryo.
65. Q: The process of seed sprouting into a plant?
A: Germination.

66. Q: Insects breathe through?

A: Spiracles.

67. Q: Fish breathe through?

A: Gills.

68. Q: Humans breathe through?

A: Lungs.

69. Q: Which gas is used in photosynthesis?

A: Carbon dioxide.

70. Q: Process by which water enters plant roots?

A: Osmosis.

71. Q: The outermost layer of skin?

A: Epidermis.

72. Q: The largest organ of the human body?

A: Skin.

73. Q: Organ responsible for filtering blood?

A: Kidney.

74. Q: Which organ controls all body functions?

A: Brain.

75. Q: The smallest unit of life?

A: Cell.

76. Q: Who discovered the cell?

A: Robert Hooke.

77. Q: What controls activities of a cell?

A: Nucleus.

78. Q: What part of a cell gives it shape?

A: Cell wall (in plants) or cell membrane.

79. Q: What is the function of mitochondria?

A: Produces energy.

80. Q: Process by which living beings produce young ones?

A: Reproduction.

81. Q: Offspring identical to parents are formed by which reproduction?

A: Asexual reproduction.

82. Q: The transfer of pollen from anther to stigma?

A: Pollination.

83. Q: The formation of fruit from flower is called?

A: Fertilization.
84. Q: The main source of water on Earth?
A: Rain.

85. Q: Process by which clouds form?

A: Condensation.

86. Q: Which layer of atmosphere contains ozone?

A: Stratosphere.

87. Q: What protects us from UV rays?

A: Ozone layer.

88. Q: What causes day and night?

A: Rotation of Earth.

89. Q: What causes seasons?

A: Revolution of Earth around Sun.

90. Q: What type of energy is produced by vibrating objects?

A: Sound energy.

91. Q: What type of energy is obtained from the Sun?

A: Solar energy.

92. Q: Which force pulls everything toward Earth?

A: Gravity.
93. Q: Who discovered the law of gravitation?
A: Isaac Newton.

94. Q: Force opposing motion of an object?

A: Friction.

95. Q: Which simple machine is a see-saw?

A: Lever.

96. Q: Unit of force?

A: Newton.

97. Q: Device that produces sound in a phone?

A: Microphone.

98. Q: The instrument used to look at tiny organisms?

A: Microscope.

99. Q: The study of stars and planets is called?

A: Astronomy.

100. Q: Which heavenly body is the center of our solar system?

A: Sun.
 1. Q: Why do we see lightning before hearing thunder?
A: Because light travels faster than sound.

2. Q: Why do desert plants have thick stems and small leaves?

A: To store water and reduce water loss.

3. Q: Why is the sky blue?

A: Due to scattering of sunlight by air molecules.

4. Q: Why does ice float on water?

A: Because ice is less dense than water.

5. Q: Why do camels have long legs and padded feet?

A: To walk easily on sand without sinking.

6. Q: Why does salt dissolve faster in hot water?

A: Heat increases the rate of dissolution.

7. Q: Why do clothes dry faster on a windy day?

A: Wind increases evaporation.

8. Q: Why do we wear woollen clothes in winter?

A: Wool traps air and keeps the body warm.

9. Q: Why is copper used to make electric wires?

A: It is a good conductor of electricity.

10. Q: Why do plants bend towards light?

A: Due to phototropism.
 11. Q: Why do stars appear to move across the sky?
A: Because Earth rotates on its axis.

12. Q: Why do astronauts wear space suits?

A: To protect them from lack of air and extreme temperatures.

13. Q: Why do we add salt to ice while making ice cream?

A: To lower the freezing point of ice.

14. Q: Why does the Moon have no atmosphere?

A: Because its gravity is too weak to hold gases.

15. Q: Why does a needle float on water sometimes?

A: Due to surface tension.

16. Q: Why are leaves green in colour?

A: Because of the pigment chlorophyll.

17. Q: Why does a candle flame flicker in wind?

A: Because moving air disturbs the supply of oxygen.

18. Q: Why can’t sound travel in vacuum?

A: Because it needs a medium to propagate.

19. Q: Why does iron rust in moist air?

A: Because oxygen and moisture react with iron.

20. Q: Why does a magnet always point north–south?

A: Because Earth acts as a huge magnet.

21. Q: Why do we see our image in a mirror?

A: Due to reflection of light.

22. Q: Why do we use convex mirrors in vehicles?

A: They give a wider field of view.

23. Q: Why are cooking utensils made of metal but handles of plastic or
wood?
A: Metals conduct heat; handles are insulators.

24. Q: Why does a black shirt feel hotter in sunlight than a white one?
A: Black absorbs more heat.

25. Q: Why do we see our breath on a cold morning?

A: Water vapour condenses into tiny droplets.

26. Q: Why does sugar disappear when stirred in water?

A: It dissolves to form a solution.

27. Q: Why do we add baking soda to cakes?

A: It releases CO₂ and makes cakes soft and fluffy.

28. Q: Why do we need to eat food daily?

A: To get energy for body functions.

29. Q: Why do plants need sunlight to live?

A: For photosynthesis.
 30. Q: Why do we not feel Earth’s movement?
A: Because we move along with it.

31. Q: Why does a ball thrown upward fall down again?

A: Due to gravity.

32. Q: Why are poles colder than the equator?

A: Sun’s rays are slanting at poles.

33. Q: Why is water called a universal solvent?

A: It dissolves many substances.

34. Q: Why do we hear echoes in empty halls?

A: Because sound reflects from walls.

35. Q: Why can’t humans drink seawater?

A: It contains high salt that dehydrates the body.

36. Q: Why do mountain climbers carry oxygen cylinders?

A: Air at high altitude is thin and has less oxygen.

37. Q: Why is rainwater considered pure?

A: It is distilled by natural evaporation and condensation.

38. Q: Why do farmers plough their fields before sowing?

A: To loosen soil and mix nutrients.

39. Q: Why are earthworms called friends of farmers?

A: They improve soil fertility by aerating it.

40. Q: Why are forests called green lungs of Earth?

A: They release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide.
41. Q: Why should we not burn plastics?
A: It releases harmful gases.

42. Q: Why are biofertilizers better than chemical fertilizers?

A: They are eco-friendly and improve soil health.

43. Q: Why is air a mixture and not a compound?

A: Its gases can be separated physically.

44. Q: Why do we use a fuse in electrical circuits?

A: To protect from over-current.

45. Q: Why do we not get electric shock from plastic switches?

A: Plastic is an insulator.

46. Q: Why does a glass of cold water get droplets outside on a humid day?
A: Water vapour condenses on its cool surface.

47. Q: Why does a compass needle always point north–south?

A: It aligns with Earth’s magnetic field.

48. Q: Why can’t we use sea water for irrigation directly?

A: Its salts damage crops.

49. Q: Why do we feel cool after sweating?

A: Evaporation of sweat removes heat.

50. Q: Why does a rainbow appear after rain?

A: Due to refraction and dispersion of light by water drops.

51. Q: Why do planets not twinkle like stars?

A: They are closer and reflect steady sunlight.

52. Q: Why do we put salt on icy roads in winter?

A: It lowers freezing point and melts ice.

53. Q: Why is the Sun important for life on Earth?

A: It provides energy and light.

54. Q: Why do bats use ultrasound to fly at night?

A: For navigation by echo-location.

55. Q: Why do we see lightning flash from far clouds?

A: Electrical discharge between clouds and Earth.

56. Q: Why do mountain peaks have snow even in summer?

A: Temperature is lower at high altitudes.

57. Q: Why does sound travel faster in solids than air?

A: Particles in solids are closely packed.

58. Q: Why is an iron gate painted?

A: To prevent rusting.
 59. Q: Why do we use stainless steel for making utensils?
A: It doesn’t rust easily.

60. Q: Why do tyres have grooves?

A: To increase friction and prevent slipping.

61. Q: Why do we use lubricants in machines?

A: To reduce friction.

62. Q: Why does a coin appear raised in water?

A: Due to refraction of light.

63. Q: Why are shadows shorter at noon?

A: Sun is directly overhead.

64. Q: Why do we use curved mirrors in solar cookers?

A: To focus sunlight at one point.

65. Q: Why do electric bulbs have tungsten filaments?

A: Tungsten has high melting point.

66. Q: Why do we use dry cells in torches?

A: They provide portable electric energy.

67. Q: Why are planets round in shape?

A: Due to gravitational pull in all directions.

68. Q: Why is Mercury very hot during the day?

A: It is closest to the Sun and has no atmosphere.
 69. Q: Why does Moon change its shape every night?
A: Due to its revolution around Earth.

70. Q: Why are solar eclipses rare?

A: Because the Moon’s orbit is tilted to Earth’s orbit.

71. Q: Why can we not see in the dark?

A: Because there is no light to reflect from objects.

72. Q: Why do we feel pain when we pinch ourselves?

A: Nerves send signals to the brain.

73. Q: Why does our heart beat faster during exercise?

A: To pump more oxygen to muscles.

74. Q: Why do plants release oxygen only in daylight?

A: Photosynthesis occurs in presence of sunlight.

75. Q: Why does carbon dioxide extinguish fire?

A: It does not support combustion.

76. Q: Why do we see dew drops on leaves early in the morning?

A: Water vapour condenses on cool leaves.

77. Q: Why are metals shiny?

A: Due to reflection of light from their surface.

78. Q: Why do we apply oil paint to iron gates?

A: To prevent rust.

79. Q: Why do we drink boiled water?

A: To kill germs.

80. Q: Why do we see our image in still water?

A: Water surface reflects light.

81. Q: Why do some fruits taste sour?

A: They contain acids like citric acid.

82. Q: Why is lightning dangerous?

A: It carries huge electric charge and heat.

83. Q: Why do rubber tyres burst in summer heat?

A: Air inside expands with heat.

84. Q: Why does a glass crack when filled with hot water suddenly?
A: Uneven expansion causes stress.

85. Q: Why are solar heaters placed on rooftops?

A: To get maximum sunlight.

86. Q: Why do plants wilt if not watered?

A: Loss of water causes loss of turgidity.

87. Q: Why are fossils important?

A: They tell us about ancient life forms.
 88. Q: Why do we see our reflection in polished metal?
A: Smooth surfaces reflect light.

89. Q: Why is respiration called opposite of photosynthesis?

A: It uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

90. Q: Why do we refrigerate food?

A: To slow down bacterial growth.

91. Q: Why do we feel thirsty after eating salty food?

A: Salt absorbs water from cells.

92. Q: Why are windmills built in open areas?

A: To capture strong steady winds.

93. Q: Why is biogas a good fuel?

A: It burns cleanly and is renewable.

94. Q: Why is coal called a fossil fuel?

A: Formed from ancient plant matter.

95. Q: Why do earthquakes occur?

A: Due to sudden movement of tectonic plates.

96. Q: Why are cyclones dangerous?

A: They cause strong winds and heavy rains.

97. Q: Why is deforestation harmful?

A: It disturbs ecosystem and causes soil erosion.
 98. Q: Why must we conserve water?
A: Freshwater is limited and essential for life.

99. Q: Why does sunlight help clothes dry?

A: Heat speeds up evaporation.

100. Q: Why must we plant trees?

A: They purify air, prevent erosion, and support life.