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Array of Structures in C Programming

An array of structures in C allows for the storage of multiple structures of the same type in a single array, which can be initialized using nested or non-nested initializer lists. Members of structures within the array can be accessed and updated using the dot operator. Additionally, nested structures can be created, allowing for complex data types, and their members can be accessed using a specific syntax.

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4 views4 pages

Array of Structures in C Programming

An array of structures in C allows for the storage of multiple structures of the same type in a single array, which can be initialized using nested or non-nested initializer lists. Members of structures within the array can be accessed and updated using the dot operator. Additionally, nested structures can be created, allowing for complex data types, and their members can be accessed using a specific syntax.

Uploaded by

knandhakumar167
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Array of Structure

An array of structures is simply an array where each element is a structure. It allows you to
store several structures of the same type in a single array.

Structure Declaration:

struct struct_name arr_name [size];

Initialization:
A structure can be initialized using initializer list and so can be the array. Therefore, we can
initialize the array of structures using nested initializer list.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
// Structure definition
struct A
{
int var;
char c;
};
int main()
{
// Declaration and initialization using nested initializer list
struct A arr1[2] = { {1, 'a'}, {2, 'b'} };
// Declaration and initialization using non-nested initializer list
struct A arr2[2] = { 10, 'A', 20, 'B' };
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
printf("%d %c", arr1[i].var, arr1[i].c);
printf(" ");
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
printf("%d %c", arr2[i].var, arr2[i].c);
printf("");
return 0;
}

Access and Update Members:

To access the members of a structure in an array, use the index of the array element followed
by the dot (.) operator.

The general syntax is:


arr_name[index].member_name

where,
 arr_name: The name of the array of structures.
 index: The index of the structure element in the array.
 member_name: The member within the structure you want to access.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// Structure definition
struct A {
int var;
char c;
};

int main() {
struct A arr[2] = { {1, 'a'}, {2, 'b'} };
// Access the member c of second element of arr
printf("%c",arr[1].c);

// Update the value and access again


arr[1].c = 'Z';
printf("%c",arr[1].c);
return 0;
}
Structure within Structure / Nested Structure

A nested structure in C is a structure within a structure. One structure can be declared inside
another structure in the same way structure members are declared inside a structure.

Creating Nested Strucutres :

A nested structure allows the creation of complex data types according to the requirements
of the program.

Syntax:

struct name_1 {
member1;
member2;
.....
.....
membern;
struct name_2 {
member_1;
member_2;
.....
.....
member_n;
}, var1
} var2;

The members of a nested structure can be accessed using the following syntax:

Outer_Structure.Nested_Structure.data member

EXAMPLE:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

struct employee
{

char name[10];

float salary;

struct dob

int d, m, y;

d1;

};

int main()

struct employee e1 = {"Kiran", 25000, {12, 5, 1990}};

printf("Name: %s\n", [Link]);

printf("Salary: %f\n", [Link]);

printf("Date of Birth: %d-%d-%d\n", e1.d1.d, e1.d1.m, e1.d1.y);

return 0;

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