SMART POWER SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROLLING
USING UNIQUE CLOUD DATA STORAGE WITH INTERNET OF
THINGS
K. Rathi Devi
Assistant Professor, Department Of Computer Science, Rajeswari College of Arts and Science for Women,
Bommayapalayam
Abstract
Energy efficient Technologies play a vital role in our day –to-day life. Lack of resources is the major problem
faced in implementing these technologies in an effective way. Since electricity consumption is increasing day-
by-day ,power is one of the resource which needs to be monitored and controlled .The effort of human is
reduced by the IoT(Internet of things) by introducing the machine- to- machine interaction. Our work is
designed to monitor and control our smart power system through IoT using cloud data storage. The consumed
Power is monitored by ARM based controller interfaced with current sensors which is stored in a AWS-S3 cloud
data base. Power control in our home is achieved through actuators which can be controlled by the client which
uses the web server .The system we designed enables client to monitor and control the electrical appliances in
our home from anywhere by availing the IoT features thereby the wastage of energy is reduced and sends the
alert message to the person monitoring indicating the extra power that is consumed and it waits for the reply
message, if not answered it automatically shuts down the power system when not in use for long time.
Keywords: Energy, Home Automation, IoT, Xively
1. Introduction
In this physical world the most need for human being is Electricity. Nowadays consuming the energy is
also increased. The use of power is increasingly grown in addition to that it provides energy efficient
technologies which can be intended for renewable energy sources. Since prevention is better than cure
awareness of energy consumption should be brought into every place before resources get extinguished.
The total energy consumed by the industrial users is about 37%, for personal & commercial
transportation is 20%, for residential appliances 11%. The total energy consumed by commercial users is about
5%, the lost occurs due to energy transmission & generation of world’s energy contains the rest 27% .
The devices are controlled by saving energy. Based on the needs, the appliances may be turn on and
turn off by using Relays. Even though the user is not available for accessing system , the user will easily access
it by using online system automation. In this paper, an IoT concept is used. IoT characterizes the devices that
are integrated by using internet which means that they uses IP address as their unique identifier. For each mbed
controller an unique IP address will be generated, while subject to Ethernet. The controllers are provided by the
user Based on the availability of rooms present in house.
By using CPS(Communicating Power Supplies ) concept, Steven Lanzisera[1] gives the solution for
energy efficient and it transfers the information about energy and it also controls the information between device
and building management system. mbed controller is one of the components of CPS which is used for
controlling all the information and RF transceiver is another component of CPS which provides communication
to user. In IoT the data obtained are stored under cloud database. The designed system has been tested by using
three devices namely TV, Video player & LED light.
A hardware system which is supervised by QinranHuz[2] consists of Smart Home Energy Management
System (SHEMS) that includes some applications like communication, sensing technology, machine-learning
algorithm etc., Here sensors are used for detecting the human activities. In addition to that, by using those data
the machine learning algorithm is executed. Due to the execution of machine learning algorithm the total
electricity bills will be reduced for customers without the presence of human
Due to continuous monitoring and controlling of electrical appliances the wastage of energy will be
reduced with the help of planned system. Since there are many microcontrollers, here mbed controller is used,
because mbed controller has the feature of simplicity, comfortable start-up, online compiler. The Ethernet
Compatibility for mbed microcontroller is about 10/100Mbit and it can be interfaced to Ethernet modem for IoT
implementation. The sensors are used to monitor the values and those values are stored in cloud database
continuously. The open source cloud platforms are Ubidots, Xively etc.. In mbed controller the libraries and
BSP files are provided by Xively. Xively is called as storage platform because it continuously monitors the data
which is measured from current sensors.
Smart home boundaries & device are proceeded by Dae-Man Han [4] besides interoperability about
Zigbee device which is produced by different manufacturers of some electrical equipment ,meters and also
smart energy enabling products. Here Zigbee is used for information transfer based on power and energy of
home appliances. Power-line communication is used for monitoring solar panels. From RF radio the Kruskal’s
algorithm value is calculated which can be established by using power-line communication prorocol through
wireless network.
The photovoltaic system management has been introduced by Jinsoo Han [5] inorder to improve the
home energy management which is based on PLC that includes PLC modem, Renewable Energy Gateway and
smart device source. By using power line, the PLC modems communicate with REG and it transmits the direct
current power which is generated by using PV modules to the grind-connected inverter. The received status are
processed and it is stored using Renewable Energy Gateway. For limiting the occurrences of failure the smart
device application allows the client to store the entire status of PV system and fix them quickly.
2. System Architecture
2.1 Components Required
2.1.1 Hardware Components
Hardware system contains raspberry pi, current sensor, Ethernet Modem, RJ45 Ethernet cable, Ethernet
break outboard, 2Channel relay and appliances such as 10W bulb and 12v DC fan. Relay needs 12v power
supply.
[Link] mbed Controller
Home control and security system for field programmable array has been introduced by Mansour H.
Assaf3 .Based on Altera cyclone-II ,the field programmable array provides hardware platform which is used for
developing embedded systems. Here the proposed system is planned ,in addition that the correlation of hardware
and software is taken .The controlling logics are intended using field programmable array in addition to that the
user will communicate through the web server .The data stored in web server are written by using HTML script
or java script. PHP is used for providing user alerts to the web server, and also some switching modules are
placed for controlling the whole security system. Electricity sensor module builds on the TA12- 200 current
transformer which has the ability to change huge alternating current into small amplitude. This sensor can
measure alternating current up to 5A.
[Link] Two Channel Relay
Relay can control any machine consuming the magnetic circuit present in it. A two-channel relay can
essentially control two machines. It wants 12v power supply. When relay gets activated it opens the magnetic
circuit inside and turns off the device. Two channel relay can control two devices at a time. In this application, a
two channel relay is used in each node.
[Link] Ethernet Router
Zyxel NBG-419N v2 wireless router is intended for LAN connection to provide Ethernet interface to
mbed. It integrates 802.11n standard.
2.1.2 Software
[Link] mbed Online Compiler
The mbed Software Development Kit (SDK) enables the mbed C/C++ software platform and also
offers an API-driven method to microcontroller coding.
[Link] Xively
Xively is software which facilitates the cloud data storage. It is open source software and has libraries
for mbed. The NXP LPC1768 microcontroller is selected for this application meanwhile it offers peripheral
support for Ethernet which helps to implement IoT part of the system. mbed has library files built for Xively
(cloud platform) which helps to monitor the values of sensors by using Internet. It consumes low power and
low cost and also it operates up to 100MHz. It enables the Ethernet and USB to run at the same time without
affecting the performance.
[Link] Groove Electricity Sensor
To measure the power spent in each purpose, current should be monitored.
2.2 Design Diagram
The proposed system is for setting in which there are two rooms. In each room, an mbed
microcontroller and sensor-actuator units are designed. Both the controllers are connected to the Internet using
Ethernet router.
3. Implementation
3.1 Flow Chart
The execution flow in Figure.1 and Figure.2 is used for checking the Ethernet connection. If Ethernet
connection is proper, then IP address gets showed in serial terminal. If there is problem with Ethernet it displays
error. If Ethernet connection is checked, then the server port is configured. If any problem occurs the error
message is displayed in serial terminal. The server runs when the server port configuration is proper. TCP
socket gets connected and RPC is established. User can give options in web server to control appliances. PPC
commands inside appeal the microcontroller actions. When the TCP connection gets established, the HTTP
server starts running. Then the HTML5 code also gets initiated. When the IP is given in the URL the
background HTML5 code runs and webpage is displayed. when user gives signals the corresponding RPC gets
initiated and the action will be performed by the microcontroller as per the signal given by the user.
Fig [Link] ARCHITECTURE
START
CHECK
ETHERNET
ERROR IN
GET IP ADDRESS
CONNECTION
DISCONNECT ETHERNET AND CHECK
SERVER PORT CONNECTION
CHECK SERVER
PORT
RUN SERVER
TCP SOCKET CONNECTED
ESTABLISH RPC
Fig 2. Flow Graph
3.2 Xively Implementation
Read the feed id and keep the feed data stream count as 1. The location of data stream is pointed to
the feed data streams and copied to the Xively. Current location points to the orientation of data streams. Cosm
library is formed. API key, HTTP, feed id is given to the Xively context. Now set the value to current location
buffer. Send all the values to Xively server. Update the values in Xively. The flow of execution can be seen in
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Cloud
Ethernet
mbed mbed
controller 1 Controller 2
Current fan Switching fan Switching
Current module
Sensor module Sensor
Room1 (1:2) (1:2)
Light Room1 Light
room 1 room 1
4. Results
4.1 Experimental Setup
The system contains two nodes. Each node includes an update the values in Xively. The outputs in
Xively can be seen in
4.3 Client-server Communication
The client-server communication is done through RPC (Remote Procedure Calls). HTTP is the
communication protocol used. commands and arguments are passed in between client and server. The output of
sending and receiving data can be figured out in
4.4 Web Server for Controlling Appliances
When mbed is interfaced with Ethernet, it produces a unique IP. So in this system two different IP’s
are created by two different mbed controllers. The webpage is planned so that when IP is delivered in the URL
the control page as shown in Figure 4. The user can opens mbed interfaced to sensors and relays. Two
appliances i.e. a 10 W LED bulb and 12v DC fan are controlled using two channels relay.
4.2 Monitoring the Current Values in Xively
The measured data from the sensors can be placed in Xively database. For each channel to be measured
Xively gives a feed id and API key. Feed id and API key are delivered to mbed and then the code is executed in
order to and control lights and fans by selecting button on or off. When the user selects the on or off button
internally, RPC commands are originated for controlling channels of relays.
Figure 4. Control through web server.
5. Conclusion
The results displays that when designed system is tested , the average energy consumption of the
machines is condensed since they are turned off when unused. The graph shown in Figure 8 shows the energy
consumption 4 hours by home appliances in a day. By hiring the proposed automation system, the total energy
consumption is condensed . On an entire year up to 15 % of energy can be saved in business building by
implementing Smart Power monitoring and control System through IoT.
6. References
1. Lanzisera S, Weber AR, Liao A, Pajak D, Meier AK. Communicating power supplies: Bringing the internet
to the ubiquitous energy gateways of electronic devices. IEEE Internet of Things Journal. 2014 Apr; 1(2):153–
60.
2. Hu Q, Li F. Hardware design of smart home energy management system with dynamic price response. IEEE
Transactions on Smart Grid. 2013 Dec; 4(4):1878–87.
3. Assaf MH, Mootoo R, Das SR, Petriu EM, GrozaV, Biswas S. Sensor based home automation and security
system. 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC); IEEE;
2012; 722–7.
4. Han D-M, Lim J-H. Smart home energy management system using IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee. IEEE
Transactions on Consumer Electronics. 2010 Aug; 56(3):1403–10.
5. Han J, Choi C-S, Park W-K, Lee I, Kim S-H. PLC-based photovoltaic system management for smart home
energy management system. IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electrical products