HEAT CAPACITY OF THE ELEMENTS AT 25 °C

This table gives the specific heat capacity (cp) in J/g K and the Name State cp/J g-1 K-1 Cp/J mol-1 K-1
molar heat capacity (Cp) in J/mol K at a temperature of 25 °C and Manganese solid 0.479 26.32
a pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar or 0.987 standard atmospheres) for all Mercury liquid 0.140 27.983
the elements for which reliable data are available. Molybdenum solid 0.251 24.06
Neodymium solid 0.190 27.45
Name State cp/J g-1 K-1 Cp/J mol-1 K-1 Neon gas 1.030 20.786
Actinium solid 0.120 27.2 Nickel solid 0.444 26.07
Aluminum solid 0.897 24.20 Niobium solid 0.265 24.60
Antimony (gray) solid 0.207 25.23 Nitrogen gas 1.040 29.124
Argon gas 0.520 20.786 Osmium solid 0.130 24.7
Arsenic (gray) solid 0.329 24.64 Oxygen gas 0.918 29.378
Barium solid 0.204 28.07 Palladium solid 0.244 25.98
Beryllium solid 1.825 16.443 Phosphorus solid 0.769 23.824
Bismuth solid 0.122 25.52 (white)
Boron solid 1.026 11.087 Platinum solid 0.133 25.86
Bromine liquid 0.474 75.69 Potassium solid 0.757 29.600
Cadmium solid 0.231 26.020 Praseodymium solid 0.193 27.20
Calcium solid 0.647 25.929 Radon gas 0.094 20.786
Carbon (graphite) solid 0.709 8.517 Rhenium solid 0.137 25.48
Cerium solid 0.192 26.94 Rhodium solid 0.243 24.98
Cesium solid 0.242 32.210 Rubidium solid 0.363 31.060

Inorganic
Chlorine gas 0.479 33.949 Ruthenium solid 0.238 24.06
Chromium solid 0.449 23.35 Samarium solid 0.196 29.54
Cobalt solid 0.421 24.81 Scandium solid 0.568 25.52
Copper solid 0.385 24.440 Selenium (gray) solid 0.321 25.363
Dysprosium solid 0.173 28.16 Silicon solid 0.712 19.99
Erbium solid 0.168 28.12 Silver solid 0.235 25.350
Europium solid 0.182 27.66 Sodium solid 1.228 28.230
Fluorine gas 0.824 31.304 Strontium solid 0.306 26.79
Gadolinium solid 0.235 37.03 Sulfur (rhombic) solid 0.708 22.70
Gallium solid 0.373 26.03 Tantalum solid 0.140 25.36
Germanium solid 0.320 23.222 Tellurium solid 0.202 25.73
Gold solid 0.129 25.418 Terbium solid 0.182 28.91
Hafnium solid 0.144 25.73 Thallium solid 0.129 26.32
Helium gas 5.193 20.786 Thorium solid 0.118 27.32
Holmium solid 0.165 27.15 Thulium solid 0.160 27.03
Hydrogen gas 14.304 28.836 Tin (white) solid 0.227 26.99
Indium solid 0.233 26.74 Titanium solid 0.524 25.060
Iodine solid 0.214 54.43 Tungsten solid 0.132 24.27
Iridium solid 0.131 25.10 Uranium solid 0.116 27.665
Iron solid 0.449 25.10 Vanadium solid 0.489 24.89
Krypton gas 0.248 20.786 Xenon gas 0.158 20.786
Lanthanum solid 0.195 27.11 Ytterbium solid 0.155 26.74
Lead solid 0.130 26.84 Yttrium solid 0.298 26.53
Lithium solid 3.582 24.860 Zinc solid 0.388 25.390
Lutetium solid 0.154 26.86 Zirconium solid 0.278 25.36
Magnesium solid 1.023 24.869

4-119

HCP_Section_04.indb 119 4/11/16 1:00 PM

 CODATA KEY VALUES FOR THERMODYNAMICS

The Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) state pressure is 100,000 Pa (1 bar). See the reference for infor-
has conducted a project to establish internationally agreed values mation on the dependence of gas-phase entropy on the choice of
for the thermodynamic properties of key chemical substances. standard state pressure.
This table presents the final results of the project. Use of these Substances are listed in alphabetical order of their chemical
recommended, internally consistent values is encouraged in the formulas when written in the most common form.
analysis of thermodynamic measurements, data reduction, and The table is reprinted with permission of CODATA.
preparation of other thermodynamic tables.
The table includes the standard enthalpy of forma-
Reference
tion at 298.15 K, the entropy at 298.15 K, and the quantity
H°(298.15 K)–H°(0). A value of 0 in the ∆f H° column for an ele- Cox, J. D., Wagman, D. D., and Medvedev, V. A., CODATA Key
ment indicates the reference state for that element. The standard Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New
York, 1989.

ΔfHº(298)/ Sº(298)/ Hº(298)-Hº(0)/ ΔfHº(298)/ Sº(298)/ Hº(298)-Hº(0)/

Substance State kJ mol-1 J mol-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 Substance State kJ mol-1 J mol-1 K-1 kJ mol-1
Ag cr 0 42.55 ± 0.20 5.745 ± 0.020 HPO4-2 aq -1299.0 ± 1.5 -33.5 ± 1.5
Ag g 284.9 ± 0.8 172.997 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001 HSO4- aq -886.9 ± 1.0 131.7 ± 3.0
Ag+ aq 105.79 ± 0.08 73.45 ± 0.40 H2 g 0 130.680 ± 0.003 8.468 ± 0.001
AgCl cr -127.01 ± 0.05 96.25 ± 0.20 12.033 ± 0.020 H2O l -285.830 ± 0.040 69.95 ± 0.03 13.273 ± 0.020
Al cr 0 28.30 ± 0.10 4.540 ± 0.020 H2O g -241.826 ± 0.040 188.835 ± 0.010 9.905 ± 0.005
Al g 330.0 ± 4.0 164.554 ± 0.004 6.919 ± 0.001 H2PO4- aq -1302.6 ± 1.5 92.5 ± 1.5
Al+3 aq -538.4 ± 1.5 -325 ± 10 H2S g -20.6 ± 0.5 205.81 ± 0.05 9.957 ± 0.010
AlF3 cr -1510.4 ± 1.3 66.5 ± 0.5 11.62 ± 0.04 H2S aq, undissoc. -38.6 ± 1.5 126 ± 5
Al2O3 cr, corundum -1675.7 ± 1.3 50.92 ± 0.10 10.016 ± 0.020 H3BO3 cr -1094.8 ± 0.8 89.95 ± 0.60 13.52 ± 0.04
Ar g 0 154.846 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001 H3BO3 aq, undissoc. -1072.8 ± 0.8 162.4 ± 0.6
B cr, rhombic 0 5.90 ± 0.08 1.222 ± 0.008 He g 0 126.153 ± 0.002 6.197 ± 0.001
B g 565 ± 5 153.436 ± 0.015 6.316 ± 0.002 Hg l 0 75.90 ± 0.12 9.342 ± 0.008
BF3 g -1136.0 ± 0.8 254.42 ± 0.20 11.650 ± 0.020 Hg g 61.38 ± 0.04 174.971 ± 0.005 6.197 ± 0.001
B2O3 cr -1273.5 ± 1.4 53.97 ± 0.30 9.301 ± 0.040 Hg+2 aq 170.21 ± 0.20 -36.19 ± 0.80
Be cr 0 9.50 ± 0.08 1.950 ± 0.020 HgO cr, red -90.79 ± 0.12 70.25 ± 0.30 9.117 ± 0.025
Be g 324 ± 5 136.275 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001 Hg2+2 aq 166.87 ± 0.50 65.74 ± 0.80
BeO cr -609.4 ± 2.5 13.77 ± 0.04 2.837 ± 0.008 Hg2Cl2 cr -265.37 ± 0.40 191.6 ± 0.8 23.35 ± 0.20

Thermochem
Br- aq -121.41 ± 0.15 82.55 ± 0.20 Hg2SO4 cr -743.09 ± 0.40 200.70 ± 0.20 26.070 ± 0.030
Br g 111.87 ± 0.12 175.018 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001 I- aq -56.78 ± 0.05 106.45 ± 0.30
Br2 l 0 152.21 ± 0.30 24.52 ± 0.01 I g 106.76 ± 0.04 180.787 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001
Br2 g 30.91 ± 0.11 245.468 ± 0.005 9.725 ± 0.001 I2 cr 0 116.14 ± 0.30 13.196 ± 0.040
C cr, graphite 0 5.74 ± 0.10 1.050 ± 0.020 I2 g 62.42 ± 0.08 260.687 ± 0.005 10.116 ± 0.001
C g 716.68 ± 0.45 158.100 ± 0.003 6.536 ± 0.001 K cr 0 64.68 ± 0.20 7.088 ± 0.020
CO g -110.53 ± 0.17 197.660 ± 0.004 8.671 ± 0.001 K g 89.0 ± 0.8 160.341 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
CO2 g -393.51 ± 0.13 213.785 ± 0.010 9.365 ± 0.003 K+ aq -252.14 ± 0.08 101.20 ± 0.20
CO2 aq,undissoc. -413.26 ± 0.20 119.36 ± 0.60 Kr g 0 164.085 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
CO3-2 aq -675.23 ± 0.25 -50.0 ± 1.0 Li cr 0 29.12 ± 0.20 4.632 ± 0.040
Ca cr 0 41.59 ± 0.40 5.736 ± 0.040 Li g 159.3 ± 1.0 138.782 ± 0.010 6.197 ± 0.001
Ca g 177.8 ± 0.8 154.887 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001 Li+ aq -278.47 ± 0.08 12.24 ± 0.15
Ca+2 aq -543.0 ± 1.0 -56.2 ± 1.0 Mg cr 0 32.67 ± 0.10 4.998 ± 0.030
CaO cr -634.92 ± 0.90 38.1 ± 0.4 6.75 ± 0.06 Mg g 147.1 ± 0.8 148.648 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
Cd cr 0 51.80 ± 0.15 6.247 ± 0.015 Mg+2 aq -467.0 ± 0.6 -137 ± 4
Cd g 111.80 ± 0.20 167.749 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001 MgF2 cr -1124.2 ± 1.2 57.2 ± 0.5 9.91 ± 0.06
Cd+2 aq -75.92 ± 0.60 -72.8 ± 1.5 MgO cr -601.60 ± 0.30 26.95 ± 0.15 5.160 ± 0.020
CdO cr -258.35 ± 0.40 54.8 ± 1.5 8.41 ± 0.08 N g 472.68 ± 0.40 153.301 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
CdSO4•(8/3)H2O cr -1729.30 ± 0.80 229.65 ± 0.40 35.56 ± 0.04 NH3 g -45.94 ± 0.35 192.77 ± 0.05 10.043 ± 0.010
Cl- aq -167.080 ± 0.10 56.60 ± 0.20 NH4+ aq -133.26 ± 0.25 111.17 ± 0.40
Cl g 121.301 ± 0.008 165.190 ± 0.004 6.272 ± 0.001 NO3- aq -206.85 ± 0.40 146.70 ± 0.40
ClO4- aq -128.10 ± 0.40 184.0 ± 1.5 N2 g 0 191.609 ± 0.004 8.670 ± 0.001
Cl2 g 0 223.081 ± 0.010 9.181 ± 0.001 Na cr 0 51.30 ± 0.20 6.460 ± 0.020
Cs cr 0 85.23 ± 0.40 7.711 ± 0.020 Na g 107.5 ± 0.7 153.718 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
Cs g 76.5 ± 1.0 175.601 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001 Na+ aq -240.34 ± 0.06 58.45 ± 0.15
Cs+ aq -258.00 ± 0.50 132.1 ± 0.5 Ne g 0 146.328 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
Cu cr 0 33.15 ± 0.08 5.004 ± 0.008 O g 249.18 ± 0.10 161.059 ± 0.003 6.725 ± 0.001
Cu g 337.4 ± 1.2 166.398 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001 OH- aq -230.015 ± 0.040 -10.90 ± 0.20
Cu+2 aq 64.9 ± 1.0 -98 ± 4 O2 g 0 205.152 ± 0.005 8.680 ± 0.002
CuSO4 cr -771.4 ± 1.2 109.2 ± 0.4 16.86 ± 0.08 P cr, white 0 41.09 ± 0.25 5.360 ± 0.015
F- aq -335.35 ± 0.65 -13.8 ± 0.8 P g 316.5 ± 1.0 163.199 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
F g 79.38 ± 0.30 158.751 ± 0.004 6.518 ± 0.001 P2 g 144.0 ± 2.0 218.123 ± 0.004 8.904 ± 0.001
F2 g 0 202.791 ± 0.005 8.825 ± 0.001 P4 g 58.9 ± 0.3 280.01 ± 0.50 14.10 ± 0.20
Ge cr 0 31.09 ± 0.15 4.636 ± 0.020 Pb cr 0 64.80 ± 0.30 6.870 ± 0.030
Ge g 372 ± 3 167.904 ± 0.005 7.398 ± 0.001 Pb g 195.2 ± 0.8 175.375 ± 0.005 6.197 ± 0.001
GeF4 g -1190.20 ± 0.50 301.9 ± 1.0 17.29 ± 0.10 Pb+2 aq 0.92 ± 0.25 18.5 ± 1.0
GeO2 cr, tetragonal -580.0 ± 1.0 39.71 ± 0.15 7.230 ± 0.020 PbSO4 cr -919.97 ± 0.40 148.50 ± 0.60 20.050 ± 0.040
H g 217.998 ± 0.006 114.717 ± 0.002 6.197 ± 0.001 Rb cr 0 76.78 ± 0.30 7.489 ± 0.020
H+ aq 0 0 Rb g 80.9 ± 0.8 170.094 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
HBr g -36.29 ± 0.16 198.700 ± 0.004 8.648 ± 0.001 Rb+ aq -251.12 ± 0.10 121.75 ± 0.25
HCO3- aq -689.93 ± 0.20 98.4 ± 0.5 S cr, rhombic 0 32.054 ± 0.050 4.412 ± 0.006
HCl g -92.31 ± 0.10 186.902 ± 0.005 8.640 ± 0.001 S g 277.17 ± 0.15 167.829 ± 0.006 6.657 ± 0.001
HF g -273.30 ± 0.70 173.779 ± 0.003 8.599 ± 0.001 SH- aq -16.3 ± 1.5 67 ± 5
HI g 26.50 ± 0.10 206.590 ± 0.004 8.657 ± 0.001 SO2 g -296.81 ± 0.20 248.223 ± 0.050 10.549 ± 0.010

5-1

HCP_Section_05.indb 1 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-2 CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics

ΔfHº(298)/ Sº(298)/ Hº(298)-Hº(0)/ ΔfHº(298)/ Sº(298)/ Hº(298)-Hº(0)/

Substance State kJ mol-1 J mol-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 Substance State kJ mol-1 J mol-1 K-1 kJ mol-1
SO4-2 aq -909.34 ± 0.40 18.50 ± 0.40 Ti g 473 ± 3 180.298 ± 0.010 7.539 ± 0.002
S2 g 128.60 ± 0.30 228.167 ± 0.010 9.132 ± 0.002 TiCl4 g -763.2 ± 3.0 353.2 ± 4.0 21.5 ± 0.5
Si cr 0 18.81 ± 0.08 3.217 ± 0.008 TiO2 cr, rutile -944.0 ± 0.8 50.62 ± 0.30 8.68 ± 0.05
Si g 450 ± 8 167.981 ± 0.004 7.550 ± 0.001 U cr 0 50.20 ± 0.20 6.364 ± 0.020
SiF4 g -1615.0 ± 0.8 282.76 ± 0.50 15.36 ± 0.05 U g 533 ± 8 199.79 ± 0.10 6.499 ± 0.020
SiO2 cr, alpha quartz -910.7 ± 1.0 41.46 ± 0.20 6.916 ± 0.020 UO2 cr -1085.0 ± 1.0 77.03 ± 0.20 11.280 ± 0.020
Sn cr, white 0 51.18 ± 0.08 6.323 ± 0.008 UO2+2 aq -1019.0 ± 1.5 -98.2 ± 3.0
Sn g 301.2 ± 1.5 168.492 ± 0.004 6.215 ± 0.001 UO3 cr, gamma -1223.8 ± 1.2 96.11 ± 0.40 14.585 ± 0.050
Sn+2 aq -8.9 ± 1.0 -16.7 ± 4.0 U3O8 cr -3574.8 ± 2.5 282.55 ± 0.50 42.74 ± 0.10
SnO cr, tetragonal -280.71 ± 0.20 57.17 ± 0.30 8.736 ± 0.020 Xe g 0 169.685 ± 0.003 6.197 ± 0.001
SnO2 cr, tetragonal -577.63 ± 0.20 49.04 ± 0.10 8.384 ± 0.020 Zn cr 0 41.63 ± 0.15 5.657 ± 0.020
Th cr 0 51.8 ± 0.5 6.35 ± 0.05 Zn g 130.40 ± 0.40 160.990 ± 0.004 6.197 ± 0.001
Th g 602 ± 6 190.17 ± 0.05 6.197 ± 0.003 Zn+2 aq -153.39 ± 0.20 -109.8 ± 0.5
ThO2 cr -1226.4 ± 3.5 65.23 ± 0.20 10.560 ± 0.020 ZnO cr -350.46 ± 0.27 43.65 ± 0.40 6.933 ± 0.040
Ti cr 0 30.72 ± 0.10 4.824 ± 0.015
Thermochem

HCP_Section_05.indb 2 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 STANDARD THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES

This table gives the standard state chemical thermodynamic References

properties of about 2500 individual substances in the crystalline,
liquid, and gaseous states. The properties tabulated are: 1. Cox, J. D., Wagman, D. D., and Medvedev, V. A., CODATA Key Values
for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1989.
Δf Ho: Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation at 298.15 2. Wagman, D. D., Evans, W. H., Parker, V. B., Schumm, R. H., Halow,
I., Bailey, S. M., Churney, K. L., and Nuttall, R. L., The NBS Tables of
K in kJ/mol
Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol.
ΔfGo: Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation at 298.15 K 11, Suppl. 2, 1982.
in kJ/mol 3. Chase, M. W., Davies, C. A., Downey, J. R., Frurip, D. J., McDon-
So: Standard molar entropy at 298.15 K in J/mol K ald, R. A., and Syverud, A. N., JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Third
Cp: Molar heat capacity at constant pressure at 298.15 K in J/ Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 14, Suppl. 1, 1985.
mol K 4. Chase, M. W., NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998.
The standard state pressure is 100 kPa (1 bar). The standard 5. Daubert, T. E., Danner, R. P., Sibul, H. M., and Stebbins, C. C., Physi-
cal and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Compounds: Data Com-
states are defined for different phases by:
pilation, extant 1994 (core with 4 supplements), Taylor & Francis,
The standard state of a pure gaseous substance is that of the Bristol, PA.
substance as a (hypothetical) ideal gas at the standard state 6. Pedley, J. B., Naylor, R. D., and Kirby, S. P., Thermochemical Data of
pressure. Organic Compounds, Second Edition, Chapman & Hall, London, 1986.
The standard state of a pure liquid substance is that of the liq- 7. Pedley, J. B., Thermochemical Data and Structures of Organic Com-
uid under the standard state pressure. pounds, Thermodynamic Research Center, Texas A & M University,
The standard state of a pure crystalline substance is that of the College Station, TX, 1994.
crystalline substance under the standard state pressure. 8. Domalski, E. S., and Hearing, E. D., Heat Capacities and Entropies
of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase, Volume III, J. Phys.
An entry of 0.0 for Δf Ho for an element indicates the reference
Chem. Ref. Data, 25, 1–525, 1996.
state of that element. See References 1 and 2 for further informa- 9. Zabransky, M., Ruzicka , V., Majer, V., and Domalski, E. S., Heat
tion on reference states. A blank means no value is available. Capacity of Liquids, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 6, 1996.
The data are derived from the sources listed in the references, 10. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I.V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Prop-
from other papers appearing in the Journal of Physical and erties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Vol. 1, Hemisphere
Chemical Reference Data, and from the primary research liter- Publishing Corp., New York, 1989.
ature. We are indebted to M. V. Korobov for providing data on 11. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I.V., and Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Prop-

Thermochem
fullerene compounds. erties of Individual Substances, Fourth Edition, Vol. 3, CRC Press,
Boca Raton, FL, 1994.
12. NIST Chemistry Webbook, <[Link]>

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Acenaphthene C12H10 70.3 188.9 190.4 156.0
Acenaphthylene C12H8 186.7 166.4 259.7
Acetaldehyde C2H4O -192.2 -127.6 160.2 89.0 -166.2 -133.0 263.8 55.3
Acetamide C2H5NO -317.0 115.0 91.3 -238.3
Acetanilide C8H9NO -209.4 179.3
Acetic acid C2H4O2 -484.3 -389.9 159.8 123.3 -432.2 -374.2 283.5 63.4
Acetic anhydride C4H6O3 -624.4 -572.5
Acetone C3H6O -248.4 199.8 126.3 -217.1 -152.7 295.3 74.5
Acetone cyanohydrin C4H7NO -120.9
Acetonitrile C2H3N 40.6 86.5 149.6 91.5 74.0 91.9 243.4 52.2
Acetophenone C8H8O -142.5 -86.7
Acetyl bromide C2H3BrO -223.5 -190.4
Acetyl chloride C2H3ClO -272.9 -208.0 200.8 117.0 -242.8 -205.8 295.1 67.8
Acetylene C2H2 227.4 209.9 200.9 44.0
Acetyl fluoride C2H3FO -467.2 -442.1
Acetyl iodide C2H3IO -163.5 -126.4
2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid C9H8O4 -815.6
9-Acridinamine C13H10N2 159.2
Acridine C13H9N 179.4 273.9
Acrolein C3H4O 71.3
Acrylamide C3H5NO -212.1 110.6 -224.0 -130.2
Acrylic acid C3H4O2 -383.8 145.7
Acrylonitrile C3H3N 147.1 180.6
Actinium Ac 0.0 56.5 27.2 406.0 366.0 188.1 20.8
Adenine C5H5N5 96.9 147.0 205.7
dl-Alanine C3H7NO2 -563.6
d-Alanine C3H7NO2 -561.2

5-3

HCP_Section_05.indb 3 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-4 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
l-Alanine C3H7NO2 -604.0 -465.9
β-Alanine C3H7NO2 -558.0 -424.0
Allene C3H4 190.5
Allyl acetate C5H8O2 184.1
Allyl alcohol C3H6O -171.8 138.9 -124.5
Allylamine C3H7N -10.0
Allyl­cyclo­pentane C8H14 -64.5 -24.1
Aluminum Al 0.0 28.3 24.2 330.0 289.4 164.6 21.4
Aluminum borohydride AlB3H12 -16.3 145.0 289.1 194.6 13.0 147.0 379.2
Aluminum bromide AlBr3 -527.2 180.2 100.6 -425.1
Aluminum chloride AlCl3 -704.2 -628.8 109.3 91.1 -583.2
Aluminum dichloride AlCl2 -331.0
Aluminum fluoride AlF3 -1510.4 -1431.1 66.5 75.1 -1204.6 -1188.2 277.1 62.6
Aluminum hexabromide Al2Br6 -970.7
Aluminum hexachloride Al2Cl6 -1290.8 -1220.4 490.0
Aluminum hexafluoride Al2F6 -2628.0
Aluminum hexaiodide Al2I6 -516.7
Aluminum hydride AlH3 -46.0 30.0 40.2
Aluminum iodide AlI3 -302.9 195.9 98.7 -289.4 223.6
Aluminum monobromide AlBr -4.0 -42.0 239.5 35.6
Aluminum monochloride AlCl -47.7 -74.1 228.1 35.0
Aluminum monofluoride AlF -258.2 -283.7 215.0 31.9
Aluminum monohydride AlH 259.2 231.2 187.9 29.4
Aluminum monoiodide AlI 65.5 36.0
Aluminum monosulfide AlS 200.9 150.1 230.6 33.4
Aluminum monoxide AlO 91.2 65.3 218.4 30.9
Aluminum nitride AlN -318.0 -287.0 20.2 30.1
Aluminum oxide (α) Al2O3 -1675.7 -1582.3 50.9 79.0
Aluminum oxide (Al2O) Al2O -130.0 -159.0 259.4 45.7
Aluminum phosphate AlO4P -1733.8 -1617.9 90.8 93.2
Thermochem

Aluminum phosphide AlP -166.5

Aluminum sulfide Al2S3 -724.0 116.9 105.1
Americium Am 0.0
Amidogen H2N 184.9 194.6 195.0 33.9
Aminetri­fluoro­boron BF3H3N -1353.9
2-Aminobiphenyl C12H11N 93.8 184.4
4-Aminobiphenyl C12H11N 81.0
4-Aminobutanoic acid C4H9NO2 -581.0 -441.0
N-(Amino­carbo­nyl) C3H6N2O2 -544.2 -441.2
acetamide
6-Aminohexanoic acid C6H13NO2 -637.3
3-Amino-1-nitroguanidine CH5N5O2 22.1
5-Aminopentanoic acid C5H11NO2 -604.1 -460.0
Amminetri­methyl­boron C3H12BN -284.1 -79.3 218.0
Ammonia H3N -45.9 -16.4 192.8 35.1
Ammonium azide H4N4 115.5 274.2 112.5
Ammonium bromide BrH4N -270.8 -175.2 113.0 96.0
Ammonium chloride ClH4N -314.4 -202.9 94.6 84.1
Ammonium cyanide CH4N2 0.4 134.0
Ammonium fluoride FH4N -464.0 -348.7 72.0 65.3
Ammonium F6H8N2Si -2681.7 -2365.3 280.2 228.1
hexa­fluoro­silicate
Ammonium hydrogen CH5NO3 -849.4 -665.9 120.9
carbonate
Ammonium hydrogen H9N2O4P -1566.9 188.0
phosphate
Ammonium hydrogen sulfate H5NO4S -1027.0
Ammonium hydrogen sulfite H5NO3S -768.6
Ammonium hydroxide H5NO -361.2 -254.0 165.6 154.9
Ammonium iodide H4IN -201.4 -112.5 117.0
Ammonium nitrate H4N2O3 -365.6 -183.9 151.1 139.3
Ammonium nitrite H4N2O2 -256.5
Ammonium oxalate C2H8N2O4 -1123.0 226.0
Ammonium perchlorate ClH4NO4 -295.3 -88.8 186.2
Ammonium phosphate H12N3O4P -1671.9
Ammonium sulfate H8N2O4S -1180.9 -901.7 220.1 187.5
Aniline C6H7N 31.6 191.9 87.5 -7.0 317.9 107.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 4 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-5

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Aniline-2-carboxylic acid C7H7NO2 -401.1 -296.0
Aniline-3-carboxylic acid C7H7NO2 -417.3 -283.6
Aniline-4-carboxylic acid C7H7NO2 -410.0 177.8 -296.7
Anisole C7H8O -114.8 -67.9
Anthracene C14H10 129.2 207.5 210.5 230.9
9,10-Anthracenedione C14H8O2 -188.5 -75.7
Antimony Sb 0.0 45.7 25.2 262.3 222.1 180.3 20.8
Antimony(III) bromide Br3Sb -259.4 -239.3 207.1 -194.6 -223.9 372.9 80.2
Antimony(III) chloride Cl3Sb -382.2 -323.7 184.1 107.9
Antimony(III) fluoride F3Sb -915.5
Antimony(III) iodide I3Sb -100.4
Antimony(V) oxide O5Sb2 -971.9 -829.2 125.1
α-d-Arabinopyranose C5H10O5 -1057.9
d-Arginine C6H14N4O2 -623.5 250.6 232.0
Argon Ar 0.0 154.8 20.8
Arsenic (gray) As 0.0 35.1 24.6 302.5 261.0 174.2 20.8
Arsenic acid AsH3O4 -906.3
Arsenic(III) bromide AsBr3 -197.5 -130.0 -159.0 363.9 79.2
Arsenic(III) chloride AsCl3 -305.0 -259.4 216.3 -261.5 -248.9 327.2 75.7
Arsenic(III) fluoride AsF3 -821.3 -774.2 181.2 126.6 -785.8 -770.8 289.1 65.6
Arsenic(III) iodide AsI3 -58.2 -59.4 213.1 105.8 388.3 80.6
Arsenic monoxide AsO 70.0
Arsenic(V) oxide As2O5 -924.9 -782.3 105.4 116.5
Arsenic(III) sulfide As2S3 -169.0 -168.6 163.6 116.3
Arsenic (yellow) As 14.6
Arsine AsH3 66.4 68.9 222.8 38.1
l-Ascorbic acid C6H8O6 -1164.6
l-Asparagine C4H8N2O3 -789.4
l-Asparagine, monohydrate C4H10N2O4 -1086.6
l-Aspartic acid C4H7NO4 -973.3

Thermochem
Astatine At 0.0
Atrazine C8H14ClN5 -125.4
2,2'-Azobis[isobutyronitrile] C8H12N4 246.0 237.6 0.0
Azobutane C8H18N2 -40.1 9.2
Azo­propane C6H14N2 11.5 51.3
trans-Azoxy­benzene C12H10N2O 243.4 342.0
Azulene C10H8 212.3 289.1
Barbituric acid C4H4N2O3 -634.7
Barium Ba 0.0 62.5 28.1 180.0 146.0 170.2 20.8
Barium bromide BaBr2 -757.3 -736.8 146.0
Barium carbonate CBaO3 -1213.0 -1134.4 112.1 86.0
Barium chloride BaCl2 -855.0 -806.7 123.7 75.1
Barium chloride dihydrate BaCl2H4O2 -1456.9 -1293.2 203.0
Barium fluoride BaF2 -1207.1 -1156.8 96.4 71.2
Barium hydride BaH2 -177.0 -138.2 63.0 46.0
Barium hydroxide BaH2O2 -944.7
Barium iodide BaI2 -602.1
Barium nitrate BaN2O6 -988.0 -792.6 214.0 151.4
Barium nitrite BaN2O4 -768.2
Barium oxide BaO -548.0 -520.3 72.1 47.3 -112.0
Barium sulfate BaO4S -1473.2 -1362.2 132.2 101.8
Barium sulfide BaS -460.0 -456.0 78.2 49.4
Benzaldehyde C7H6O -87.0 221.2 172.0 -36.7
Benzamide C7H7NO -202.6 -100.9
Benz[a]anthracene C18H12 170.8 293.0
Benzene C6H6 49.1 124.5 173.4 136.0 82.9 129.7 269.2 82.4
1,2-Benzenediamine C6H8N2 -0.3
1,3-Benzenediamine C6H8N2 -7.8 154.5 159.6
1,4-Benzenediamine C6H8N2 3.0
Benzeneethanol C8H10O 252.6
Benzenethiol C6H6S 63.7 222.8 173.2 111.3
1,2,3-Benzenetriol C6H6O3 -551.1 -434.2
1,2,4-Benzenetriol C6H6O3 -563.8 -444.0
1,3,5-Benzenetriol C6H6O3 -584.6 -452.9
p-Benzidine C12H12N2 70.7
Benzil C14H10O2 -153.9 -55.5

HCP_Section_05.indb 5 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-6 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
1H-Benzimidazole C7H6N2 79.5 181.7
Benzoic acid C7H6O2 -385.2 167.6 146.8 -294.0
Benzonitrile C7H5N 163.2 209.1 165.2 215.7
Benzophenone C13H10O -34.5 224.8 54.9
Benzo[a]pyrene C20H12 254.8
Benzo[f]quinoline C13H9N 150.6 233.7
p-Benzoquinone C6H4O2 -185.7 129.0 -122.9
Benzo[b]thiophene C8H6S 100.6 166.3
1H-Benzotriazole C6H5N3 236.5 335.5
Benzoxazole C7H5NO -24.2 44.8
Benzoyl chloride C7H5ClO -158.0 -103.2
Benzoyl peroxide C14H10O4 -369.4 -281.7
Benzyl acetate C9H10O2 148.5
Benzyl alcohol C7H8O -160.7 216.7 217.9 -100.4
Benzylamine C7H9N 34.2 207.2 94.4 0.0
N-Benzylaniline C13H13N 101.4
Berkelium (β form) Bk 0.0
Beryllium Be 0.0 9.5 16.4 324.0 286.6 136.3 20.8
Beryllium bromide BeBr2 -353.5 108.0 69.4
Beryllium carbonate CBeO3 -1025.0 52.0 65.0
Beryllium chloride BeCl2 -490.4 -445.6 75.8 62.4
Beryllium fluoride BeF2 -1026.8 -979.4 53.4 51.8
Beryllium hydroxide (α) BeH2O2 -902.5 -815.0 45.5 62.1
Beryllium iodide BeI2 -192.5 121.0 71.1
Beryllium oxide BeO -609.4 -580.1 13.8 25.6
Beryllium sulfate BeO4S -1205.2 -1093.8 77.9 85.7
Beryllium sulfide BeS -234.3 34.0 34.0
9,9'-Bianthracene C28H18 326.2 454.3
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane C7H12 -95.1 151.0 -54.8 0.0
1,1'-Bi­cyclo­pentyl C10H18 -178.9
Thermochem

Biphenyl C12H10 99.4 209.4 198.4 181.4

Bis(2-aminoethyl)amine C4H13N3 254.0
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether C4H8Cl2O 220.9
Bis(2-cyanoethyl) sulfide C6H8N2S 96.3
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate C24H38O4 704.7
2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) C15H16O2 -368.6
propane
Bismuth Bi 0.0 56.7 25.5 207.1 168.2 187.0 20.8
Bismuth hydroxide BiH3O3 -711.3
Bismuth oxide Bi2O3 -573.9 -493.7 151.5 113.5
Bismuth oxychloride BiClO -366.9 -322.1 120.5
Bismuth sulfate Bi2O12S3 -2544.3
Bismuth sulfide Bi2S3 -143.1 -140.6 200.4 122.2
Bismuth trichloride BiCl3 -379.1 -315.0 177.0 105.0 -265.7 -256.0 358.9 79.7
Bismuth triiodide BiI3 -175.3
Borane(1) BH 442.7 412.7 171.8 29.2
Borane(3) BH3 89.2 93.3 188.2 36.0
Borane carbonyl CH3BO -111.2 -92.9 249.4 59.5
Borazine B3H6N3 -541.0 -392.7 199.6
Boric acid BH3O3 -1094.3 -968.9 90.0 86.1 -994.1
Boron B 0.0 5.9 11.1 565.0 521.0 153.4 20.8
Boron dioxide BO2 -300.4 -305.9 229.6 43.0
Boron monosulfide BS 342.0 288.8 216.2 30.0
Boron monoxide BO 25.0 -4.0 203.5 29.2
Boron nitride BN -254.4 -228.4 14.8 19.7 647.5 614.5 212.3 29.5
Boron oxide B2O3 -1273.5 -1194.3 54.0 62.8 -843.8 -832.0 279.8 66.9
Boron sulfide B2S3 -240.6 100.0 111.7 67.0
Boron tribromide BBr3 -239.7 -238.5 229.7 -205.6 -232.5 324.2 67.8
Boron trichloride BCl3 -427.2 -387.4 206.3 106.7 -403.8 -388.7 290.1 62.7
Boron trifluoride BF3 -1136.0 -1119.4 254.4
Boron triiodide BI3 71.1 20.7 349.2 70.8
Bromine Br2 0.0 152.2 75.7 30.9 3.1 245.5 36.0
Bromine (atomic) Br 111.9 82.4 175.0 20.8
Bromine chloride BrCl 14.6 -1.0 240.1 35.0
Bromine dioxide BrO2 152.0 155.0 271.1 45.4
Bromine fluoride BrF -93.8 -109.2 229.0 33.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 6 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-7

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Bromine monoxide BrO 125.8 109.6 233.0 34.2
Bromine pentafluoride BrF5 -458.6 -351.8 225.1 -428.9 -350.6 320.2 99.6
Bromine trifluoride BrF3 -300.8 -240.5 178.2 124.6 -255.6 -229.4 292.5 66.6
Bromoacetic acid C2H3BrO2 -383.5 -338.3 337.0 80.5
Bromoacetone C3H5BrO -181.0
Bromoacetylene C2HBr 253.7 55.7
Bromo­benzene C6H5Br 60.9 219.2 154.3
Bromoborane(1) BBr 238.1 195.4 225.0 32.9
1-Bromobutane C4H9Br -143.8 -107.1
2-Bromobutane, (±)- C4H9Br -154.9 -120.3
Bromo­chloro­di­fluoro­ CBrClF2 318.5 74.6
methane
1-Bromo-2-chloroethane C2H4BrCl 130.1
Bromo­chloro­fluoro­methane CHBrClF 304.3 63.2
Bromo­chloro­methane CH2BrCl 287.6 52.7
1-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,2-tri­ C2HBrClF3 -675.3 -644.8
fluoro­ethane
2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-tri­ C2HBrClF3 -720.0 -690.4
fluoro­ethane
Bromodi­chloro­fluoro­ CBrCl2F 330.6 80.0
methane
Bromodi­chloro­methane CHBrCl2 316.4 67.4
Bromodi­fluoro­methane CHBrF2 -424.9 295.1 58.7
1-Bromododecane C12H25Br -344.7 -269.9
Bromoethane C2H5Br -90.5 -25.8 198.7 100.8 -61.9 -23.9 286.7 64.5
Bromoethene C2H3Br 79.2 81.8 275.8 55.5
Bromo­fluoro­methane CH2BrF 276.3 49.2
Bromogermane BrGeH3 274.8 56.4
1-Bromoheptane C7H15Br -218.4 -167.8
1-Bromohexadecane C16H33Br -444.5 -350.2
1-Bromohexane C6H13Br -194.2 453.0 204.0 -148.3

Thermochem
Bromo­methane CH3Br -59.8 -35.4 -26.3 246.4 42.4
2-Bromo-2-methyl­propane C4H9Br -164.4 -132.4
1-Bromooctane C8H17Br -245.1 -189.3
Bromopenta­fluoro­ethane C2BrF5 -1064.4
1-Bromo­pentane C5H11Br -170.2 -128.9
1-Bromo­propane C3H7Br -121.9 -87.0
2-Bromo­propane C3H7Br -130.5 -99.4
cis-1-Bromopropene C3H5Br 7.9 40.8
3-Bromopropene C3H5Br 12.2 45.2
Bromosilane BrH3Si 262.4 52.8
Bromosilyldyne BrSi 209.0 38.6
Bromosilylene BrHSi -464.4
N-Bromosuccinimide C4H4BrNO2 -335.9
4-Bromotoluene C7H7Br 12.0
Bromotri­chloro­methane CBrCl3 -41.1 85.3
Bromotri­chloro­silane BrCl3Si 350.1 90.9
2-Bromo-1,1,1-tri­fluoro­ C2H2BrF3 -694.5
ethane
Bromotri­fluoro­methane CBrF3 -648.3 69.3
Bromotrinitro­methane CBrN3O6 32.5 80.3
1,2-Butadiene C4H6 138.6 162.3
1,3-Butadiene C4H6 88.5 199.0 123.6 110.0
Butanal C4H8O -239.2 246.6 163.7 -204.8 343.7 103.4
Butanamide C4H9NO -364.8 -282.0
Butane C4H10 -147.3 140.9 -125.7
1,2-Butanediol, (±)- C4H10O2 -523.6
1,3-Butanediol C4H10O2 -501.0 -433.2
1,4-Butanediol C4H10O2 -505.3 223.4 200.1 -428.7
2,3-Butanediol C4H10O2 -541.5 213.0 -482.3
1,4-Butanedithiol C4H10S2 -105.7 -50.6
Butanenitrile C4H7N -5.8 33.6
1-Butanethiol C4H10S -124.7 171.2 -88.0
2-Butanethiol C4H10S -131.0 -96.9
Butanoic acid C4H8O2 -533.8 222.2 178.6 -475.9
Butanoic anhydride C8H14O3 283.7
1-Butanol C4H10O -327.3 225.8 177.2 -274.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 7 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-8 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
2-Butanol C4H10O -342.6 214.9 196.9 -292.8 359.5 112.7
2-Butanone C4H8O -273.3 239.1 158.7 -238.5 339.9 101.7
trans-2-Butenal C4H6O -138.7 -100.6
1-Butene C4H8 -20.8 227.0 118.0 0.1
cis-2-Butene C4H8 -29.8 219.9 127.0 -7.1
trans-2-Butene C4H8 -33.3 -11.4
trans-2-Butenedinitrile C4H2N2 268.2 340.2
trans-2-Butenenitrile C4H5N 95.1 134.3
3-Butenenitrile C4H5N 117.8 159.7
trans-2-Butenoic acid C4H6O2
2-Butoxyethanol C6H14O2 281.0
N-Butylacetamide C6H13NO -380.9 -305.9
Butyl acetate C6H12O2 -529.2 227.8 -485.3
tert-Butyl acetate C6H12O2 -554.5 231.0 -516.5
Butyl acrylate C7H12O2 -422.6 251.0 -375.3
Butylamine C4H11N -127.6 179.2 -91.9
sec-Butylamine C4H11N -137.5 -104.6
tert-Butylamine C4H11N -150.6 192.1 -121.0
Butyl­benzene C10H14 -63.2 321.2 243.4 -11.8
sec-Butyl­benzene, (±)- C10H14 -66.4 -18.4
tert-Butyl­benzene C10H14 -71.9 -23.0
Butyl chloroacetate C6H11ClO2 -538.4 -487.4
Butyl 2-chloropropanoate C7H13ClO2 -571.7 -517.3
Butyl 3-chloropropanoate C7H13ClO2 -557.9 -502.3
Butyl­cyclo­hexane C10H20 -263.1 345.0 271.0 -213.7
Butyl di­chloro­acetate C6H10Cl2O2 -550.1 -497.8
1-tert-Butyl-3,5-di­methyl­­ C12H18 -146.5
benzene
5-Butyldocosane C26H54 -713.5 -587.6
11-Butyldocosane C26H54 -716.0 -593.4
Thermochem

Butyl ethyl ether C6H14O 159.0

tert-Butyl ethyl ether C6H14O -313.9
Butyl ethyl sulfide C6H14S -172.3 -127.8
Butyl formate C5H10O2 200.2
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide C4H10O2 -293.6 -245.9
tert-Butyl isobutyl ether C8H18O -409.1 -369.0
tert-Butyl isopropyl ether C7H16O -392.8 -358.1
1-tert-Butyl-3-methyl­ C11H16 -109.7
benzene
1-tert-Butyl-4-methyl­ C11H16 -109.7 -57.0
benzene
Butyl methyl ether C5H12O -290.6 295.3 192.7 -258.1
Butyl methyl sulfide C5H12S -142.9 307.5 200.9 -102.4
tert-Butyl methyl sulfide C5H12S -157.1 276.1 199.9 -121.3
Butyl oleate C22H42O2 -816.9
Butyl pentanoate C9H18O2 -613.3 -560.2
sec-Butyl pentanoate C9H18O2 -624.2 -573.2
N-Butylpiperidine C9H19N -171.8
Butyl stearate C22H44O2
Butyl tri­chloro­acetate C6H9Cl3O2 -545.8 -492.3
Butylurea C5H12N2O -419.5
tert-Butylurea C5H12N2O -417.4
Butyl vinyl ether C6H12O -218.8 232.0 -182.6
1-Butyne C4H6 141.4 165.2
2-Butyne C4H6 119.1 145.7
2-Butynedinitrile C4N2 500.4 529.2
2-Butynedioic acid C4H2O4 -577.3
γ-Butyrolactone C4H6O2 -420.9 141.4 -366.5
Cadmium Cd 0.0 51.8 26.0 111.8 167.7 20.8
Cadmium bromide Br2Cd -316.2 -296.3 137.2 76.7
Cadmium carbonate CCdO3 -750.6 -669.4 92.5
Cadmium chloride CdCl2 -391.5 -343.9 115.3 74.7
Cadmium fluoride CdF2 -700.4 -647.7 77.4
Cadmium hydroxide CdH2O2 -560.7 -473.6 96.0
Cadmium iodide CdI2 -203.3 -201.4 161.1 80.0
Cadmium oxide CdO -258.4 -228.7 54.8 43.4
Cadmium sulfate CdO4S -933.3 -822.7 123.0 99.6

HCP_Section_05.indb 8 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-9

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Cadmium sulfide CdS -161.9 -156.5 64.9
Cadmium telluride CdTe -92.5 -92.0 100.0
Calcium Ca 0.0 41.6 25.9 177.8 144.0 154.9 20.8
Calcium bromide Br2Ca -682.8 -663.6 130.0
Calcium carbide C2Ca -59.8 -64.9 70.0 62.7
Calcium carbonate (calcite) CCaO3 -1207.6 -1129.1 91.7 83.5
Calcium carbonate CCaO3 -1207.8 -1128.2 88.0 82.3
(aragonite)
Calcium chloride CaCl2 -795.4 -748.8 108.4 72.9
Calcium cyanide C2CaN2 -184.5
Calcium fluoride CaF2 -1228.0 -1175.6 68.5 67.0
Calcium hydride CaH2 -181.5 -142.5 41.4 41.0
Calcium hydroxide CaH2O2 -985.2 -897.5 83.4 87.5
Calcium iodide CaI2 -533.5 -528.9 142.0
Calcium nitrate CaN2O6 -938.2 -742.8 193.2 149.4
Calcium oxalate C2CaO4 -1360.6
Calcium oxide CaO -634.9 -603.3 38.1 42.0
Calcium phosphate Ca3O8P2 -4120.8 -3884.7 236.0 227.8
Calcium sulfate CaO4S -1434.5 -1322.0 106.5 99.7
Calcium sulfide CaS -482.4 -477.4 56.5 47.4
Californium Cf 0.0
Camphor, (±)- C10H16O -319.4 271.2 -267.5
Caprolactam C6H11NO -329.4 156.8 -239.6
Carbazole C12H9N 101.7 200.7
Carbon (diamond) C 1.9 2.9 2.4 6.1
Carbon dioxide CO2 -393.5 -394.4 213.8 37.1
Carbon diselenide CSe2 164.8
Carbon disulfide CS2 89.0 64.6 151.3 76.4 116.7 67.1 237.8 45.4
Carbon [fullerene-C60] C60 2327.0 2302.0 426.0 520.0 2502.0 2442.0 544.0 512.0
Carbon [fullerene-C70] C70 2555.0 2537.0 464.0 650.0 2755.0 2692.0 614.0 585.0

Thermochem
Carbon (graphite) C 0.0 5.7 8.5 716.7 671.3 158.1 20.8
Carbon monosulfide CS 280.3 228.8 210.6 29.8
Carbon monoxide CO -110.5 -137.2 197.7 29.1
Carbon oxysulfide COS -142.0 -169.2 231.6 41.5
Carbonyl bromide CBr2O -127.2 -96.2 -110.9 309.1 61.8
Carbonyl chloride CCl2O -219.1 -204.9 283.5 57.7
Carbonyl chloride fluoride CClFO 276.7 52.4
Carbonyl fluoride CF2O -639.8 46.8
Cerium Ce 0.0 72.0 26.9 423.0 385.0 191.8 23.1
Cerium(III) bromide Br3Ce -891.4
Cerium(III) chloride CeCl3 -1060.5 -984.8 151.0 87.4
Cerium(III) iodide CeI3 -669.3
Cerium(III) oxide Ce2O3 -1796.2 -1706.2 150.6 114.6
Cerium(IV) oxide CeO2 -1088.7 -1024.6 62.3 61.6
Cerium(II) sulfide CeS -459.4 -451.5 78.2 50.0
Cesium Cs 0.0 85.2 32.2 76.5 49.6 175.6 20.8
Cesium amide CsH2N -118.4
Cesium bromide BrCs -405.8 -391.4 113.1 52.9
Cesium carbonate CCs2O3 -1139.7 -1054.3 204.5 123.9
Cesium chloride ClCs -443.0 -414.5 101.2 52.5
Cesium fluoride CsF -553.5 -525.5 92.8 51.1
Cesium hydride CsH -54.2
Cesium hydrogen carbonate CHCsO3 -966.1
Cesium hydrogen fluoride CsF2H -923.8 -858.9 135.2 87.3
Cesium hydrogen sulfate CsHO4S -1158.1
Cesium hydroxide CsHO -416.2 -371.8 104.2 69.9 -256.0 -256.5 254.8 49.7
Cesium iodide CsI -346.6 -340.6 123.1 52.8
Cesium metaborate BCsO2 -972.0 -915.0 104.4 80.6
Cesium nitrate CsNO3 -506.0 -406.5 155.2
Cesium oxide Cs2O -345.8 -308.1 146.9 76.0
Cesium perchlorate ClCsO4 -443.1 -314.3 175.1 108.3
Cesium sulfate Cs2O4S -1443.0 -1323.6 211.9 134.9
Cesium sulfide Cs2S -359.8
Cesium sulfite Cs2O3S -1134.7
Cesium superoxide CsO2 -286.2
Chlorine Cl2 0.0 223.1 33.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 9 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-10 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Chlorine (atomic) Cl 121.3 105.3 165.2 21.8
Chlorine dioxide ClO2 102.5 120.5 256.8 42.0
Chlorine fluoride ClF -50.3 -51.8 217.9 32.1
Chlorine monoxide Cl2O 80.3 97.9 266.2 45.4
Chlorine oxide (ClO) ClO 101.8 98.1 226.6 31.5
Chlorine superoxide (ClOO) ClO2 89.1 105.0 263.7 46.0
Chlorine trifluoride ClF3 -189.5 -163.2 -123.0 281.6 63.9
Chloroacetic acid C2H3ClO2 -509.7 -427.6 -368.5 325.9 78.8
Chloroacetyl chloride C2H2Cl2O -283.7 -244.8
Chloroacetylene C2HCl 242.0 54.3
2-Chloroaniline C6H6ClN -4.6
3-Chloroaniline C6H6ClN -20.3 198.7
4-Chloroaniline C6H6ClN -33.3 147.3
Chloro­benzene C6H5Cl 11.1 150.1 52.0
2-Chloro­benzo­ic acid C7H5ClO2 -404.5 -325.0
3-Chloro­benzo­ic acid C7H5ClO2 -424.3 -342.3
4-Chloro­benzo­ic acid C7H5ClO2 -428.9 163.2 -341.0
3-Chloro­benzo­yl chloride C7H4Cl2O -189.7
Chloroborane(1) BCl 149.5 120.9 213.2 31.7
1-Chlorobutane C4H9Cl -188.1 -154.4
2-Chlorobutane C4H9Cl -192.8 -161.1
2-Chlorobutanoic acid C4H7ClO2 -575.5
3-Chlorobutanoic acid C4H7ClO2 -556.3
4-Chlorobutanoic acid C4H7ClO2 -566.3
Chloro­cyclo­hexane C6H11Cl -207.2 -163.7
Chlorodi­propane­methane CHBr2Cl 327.7 69.2
1-Chloro-1,1-di­fluoro­ethane C2H3ClF2 307.2 82.5
1-Chloro-2,2-di­fluoro­ethene C2HClF2 -315.5 -289.1 303.0 72.1
Chlorodi­fluoro­methane CHClF2 -482.6 280.9 55.9
1-Chlorododecane C12H25Cl -392.3 -321.1
Thermochem

Chloroethane C2H5Cl -136.8 -59.3 190.8 104.3 -112.1 -60.4 276.0 62.8
2-Chloroethanol C2H5ClO -295.4
Chloroethene C2H3Cl -94.1 59.4 14.6 37.2 53.6 264.0 53.7
2-Chloroethyl ethyl ether C4H9ClO -335.6 -301.3
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether C4H7ClO -208.1 -170.1
1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane C2H4ClF -313.4
Chloro­fluoro­methane CH2ClF 264.4 47.0
Chlorogermane ClGeH3 263.7 54.7
2-Chlorohexane C6H13Cl -246.1 -204.3
Chloro­methane CH3Cl -81.9 234.6 40.8
(Chloromethyl)benzene C7H7Cl -32.5 18.9
1-Chloro-3-methylbutane C5H11Cl -216.0 -179.7
2-Chloro-2-methylbutane C5H11Cl -235.7 -202.2
2-Chloro-3-methylbutane C5H11Cl -226.6 -185.1
1-Chloro-2-methyl­propane C4H9Cl -191.1 -159.3
2-Chloro-2-methyl­propane C4H9Cl -211.3 -182.2
1-Chloron­aphthalene C10H7Cl 54.6 212.6 119.8
2-Chloron­aphthalene C10H7Cl 55.4 137.4
1-Chloro-4-nitro­benzene C6H4ClNO2 -48.7 250.2
1-Chlorooctadecane C18H37Cl -544.1 -446.0
1-Chlorooctane C8H17Cl -291.3 -238.9
Chloropenta­fluoro­­benzene C6ClF5 -858.4 -809.3
Chloropenta­fluoro­ethane C2ClF5 -1118.8 184.2
1-Chloro­pentane C5H11Cl -213.2 -174.9
2-Chlorophenol C6H5ClO 188.7
3-Chlorophenol C6H5ClO -206.4 -189.3
4-Chlorophenol C6H5ClO -197.7 -181.3
1-Chloro­propane C3H7Cl -160.5 -131.9
2-Chloro­propane C3H7Cl -172.3 -144.9
3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol C3H7ClO2 -525.3
2-Chloro-1,3-propanediol C3H7ClO2 -517.5
2-Chloropropanoic acid C3H5ClO2 -522.5 -475.8
3-Chloropropanoic acid C3H5ClO2 -549.3
2-Chloropropene C3H5Cl -21.0
3-Chloropropene C3H5Cl 125.1
Chlorosilane ClH3Si 250.7 51.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 10 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-11

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Chlorosilylidyne ClSi 189.9 36.9
N-Chlorosuccinimide C4H4ClNO2 -357.9
2-Chlorotoluene C7H7Cl 166.8
2-Chloro-1,1,1-tri­fluoro­ C2H2ClF3 326.5 89.1
ethane
Chlorotri­fluoro­ethene C2ClF3 -522.7 -505.5 -523.8 322.1 83.9
Chlorotri­fluoro­methane CClF3 -706.3 66.9
Chlorotrinitro­methane CClN3O6 -27.1 18.4
Chloroxyborane BClO -314.0
Chromium Cr 0.0 23.8 23.4 396.6 351.8 174.5 20.8
Chromium(II) bromide Br2Cr -302.1
Chromium(II) chloride Cl2Cr -395.4 -356.0 115.3 71.2
Chromium(III) chloride Cl3Cr -556.5 -486.1 123.0 91.8
Chromium(VI) dichloride Cl2CrO2 -579.5 -510.8 221.8 -538.1 -501.6 329.8 84.5
dioxide
Chromium(II) fluoride CrF2 -778.0
Chromium(III) fluoride CrF3 -1159.0 -1088.0 93.9 78.7
Chromium(II) iodide CrI2 -156.9
Chromium(III) iodide CrI3 -205.0
Chromium iron oxide Cr2FeO4 -1444.7 -1343.8 146.0 133.6
Chromium(II,III) oxide Cr3O4 -1531.0
Chromium(III) oxide Cr2O3 -1139.7 -1058.1 81.2 118.7
Chromium(IV) oxide CrO2 -598.0
Chromium(VI) oxide CrO3 -292.9 266.2 56.0
Chrysene C18H12 145.3 269.8
Citric acid C6H8O7 -1543.8
Cobalt Co 0.0 30.0 24.8 424.7 380.3 179.5 23.0
Cobalt(II) bromide Br2Co -220.9 79.5
Cobalt(II) carbonate CCoO3 -713.0
Cobalt(II) chloride Cl2Co -312.5 -269.8 109.2 78.5

Thermochem
Cobalt(II) fluoride CoF2 -692.0 -647.2 82.0 68.8
Cobalt(II) hydroxide CoH2O2 -539.7 -454.3 79.0
Cobalt(II) iodide CoI2 -88.7
Cobalt(II) nitrate CoN2O6 -420.5
Cobalt(II) oxide CoO -237.9 -214.2 53.0 55.2
Cobalt(II,III) oxide Co3O4 -891.0 -774.0 102.5 123.4
Cobalt(II) sulfate CoO4S -888.3 -782.3 118.0
Cobalt(II) sulfide CoS -82.8
Cobalt(III) sulfide Co2S3 -147.3
Copper Cu 0.0 33.2 24.4 337.4 297.7 166.4 20.8
Copper(I) bromide BrCu -104.6 -100.8 96.1 54.7
Copper(II) bromide Br2Cu -141.8
Copper(I) chloride ClCu -137.2 -119.9 86.2 48.5
Copper(II) chloride Cl2Cu -220.1 -175.7 108.1 71.9
Copper(I) cyanide CCuN 96.2 111.3 84.5
Copper(II) fluoride CuF2 -542.7
Copper(II) hydroxide CuH2O2 -449.8
Copper(I) iodide CuI -67.8 -69.5 96.7 54.1
Copper(II) nitrate CuN2O6 -302.9
Copper(I) oxide Cu2O -168.6 -146.0 93.1 63.6
Copper(II) oxide CuO -157.3 -129.7 42.6 42.3
Copper(II) selenide CuSe -39.5
Copper(II) sulfate CuO4S -771.4 -662.2 109.2
Copper(I) sulfide Cu2S -79.5 -86.2 120.9 76.3
Copper(II) sulfide CuS -53.1 -53.6 66.5 47.8
Copper(II) tungstate CuO4W -1105.0
Creatine C4H9N3O2 -537.2
Creatinine C4H7N3O -238.5
o-Cresol C7H8O -204.6 165.4 154.6 -128.6
m-Cresol C7H8O -194.0 212.6 224.9 -132.3
p-Cresol C7H8O -199.3 167.3 150.2 -125.4
Curium Cm 0.0
Cyanamide CH2N2 58.8
Cyanide CN 437.6 407.5 202.6 29.2
Cyanogen C2N2 285.9 306.7 241.9 56.8
Cyanogen bromide CBrN 140.5 186.2 165.3 248.3 46.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 11 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-12 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Cyanogen chloride CClN 112.1 138.0 131.0 236.2 45.0
Cyanogen fluoride CFN 224.7 41.8
Cyanogen iodide CIN 166.2 185.0 96.2 225.5 196.6 256.8 48.3
Cyclobutanamine C4H9N 5.6 41.2
Cyclobutane C4H8 3.7 27.7
Cyclobutane­carbo­nitrile C5H7N 103.0 147.4
Cyclobutene C4H6 156.7
Cycloheptane C7H14 -156.6 -118.1
Cyclohexane C6H12 -156.4 154.9 -123.4
Cyclohexane­carbo­nitrile C7H11N -47.2 4.8
Cyclohexanethiol C6H12S -140.7 255.6 192.6 -96.2
Cyclohexanol C6H12O -348.2 208.2 -286.2
Cyclohexanone C6H10O -271.2 182.2 -226.1
Cyclohexene C6H10 -38.5 214.6 148.3 -5.0
1-Cyclohexene­carbo­nitrile C7H9N 48.1 101.6
Cyclohexylamine C6H13N -147.6 -104.0
Cyclohexyl­benzene C12H16 -76.6 -16.7
Cyclohexyl­cyclo­hexane C12H22 -273.7 -215.7
Cyclooctane C8H16 -167.7 -124.4
1,3-Cyclopentadiene C5H6 105.9 134.3
Cyclo­pentane C5H10 -105.1 204.5 128.8 -76.4
Cyclo­pentane­carbo­nitrile C6H9N 0.7 44.1
cis-1,2-Cyclo­pentanediol C5H10O2 -485.0
trans-1,2-Cyclo­pentanediol C5H10O2 -490.1
Cyclo­pentanethiol C5H10S -89.5 256.9 165.2 -48.1
Cyclopentanol C5H10O -300.1 204.1 182.5 -242.5 362.9
Cyclopentanone C5H8O -235.9 -192.1
Cyclopentene C5H8 4.3 201.2 122.4 34.0
1-Cyclo­pentene­­carbo­nitrile C6H7N 111.5 156.5
Cyclopentylamine C5H11N -95.1 241.0 181.2 -54.9
Thermochem

Cyclopentyl methyl sulfide C6H12S -109.8 -64.7

Cyclo­propane C3H6 35.2 53.3 104.5 237.5 55.6
Cyclo­propane­carbo­nitrile C4H5N 140.8 182.8
Cyclopropene C3H4 277.1
Cyclopropylamine C3H7N 45.8 187.7 147.1 77.0
Cyclopropyl­benzene C9H10 100.3 150.5
Cyclotetra­­methyl­ene­ C4H8N8O8 187.9 568.8 275.5
tetranitramine
l-Cysteine C3H7NO2S -534.1
l-Cystine C6H12N2O4S2 -1032.7
Cytosine C4H5N3O -221.3 132.6
Decaborane(14) B10H14 47.3 232.8 350.7 186.1
cis-Deca­hydro­n­aphthalene C10H18 -219.4 265.0 232.0 -169.2
trans-Deca­hydro­n­ C10H18 -230.6 264.9 228.5 -182.1
aphthalene
Decane C10H22 -300.9 314.4 -249.5
Decanedioic acid C10H18O4 -1082.6 -921.9
1,10-Decanediol C10H22O2 -678.9
Decanenitrile C10H19N -158.4 -91.5
1-Decanethiol C10H22S -309.9 -276.5 476.1 350.4 -211.5
Decanoic acid C10H20O2 -713.7 -684.3 -594.9
1-Decanol C10H22O -478.1 370.6 -396.6
1-Decene C10H20 -173.8 425.0 300.8 -123.3
Decyl­benzene C16H26 -218.3 -138.6
Decyl­cyclo­pentane C15H30 -367.3
11-Decylheneicosane C31H64 -848.0 -705.8
Diacetone alcohol C6H12O2 221.3
Dialuminum Al2 485.9 433.3 233.2 36.4
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl­ C13H14N2 270.9
methane
Diantimony Sb2 235.6 187.0 254.9 36.4
Diarsenic As2 222.2 171.9 239.4 35.0
Diazo­methane CH2N2 242.9 52.5
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene C22H14 283.9
Di­benzo­furan C12H8O -5.3 83.4
Di­benzo­thiophene C12H8S 120.0 205.1
Dibismuth Bi2 219.7 36.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 12 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-13

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Diborane B2H6 36.4 87.6 232.1 56.7
Diboron B2 830.5 774.0 201.9 30.5
Diboron dioxide B2O2 -454.8 -462.3 242.5 57.3
1,2-Di­propane­butane C4H8Br2 -142.1 -91.6
1,3-Di­propane­butane C4H8Br2 -148.0
1,4-Di­propane­butane C4H8Br2 -140.3 -87.8
2,3-Di­propane­butane C4H8Br2 -139.6 -102.0
Di­propane­chloro­fluoro­ CBr2ClF 342.8 82.4
methane
1,2-Dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2- C2Br2ClF3 -691.7 -656.6
tri­fluoro­ethane
1,2-Dibromo-1,2-di­chloro­ C2H2Br2Cl2 -36.9
ethane
Di­propane­di­chloro­methane CBr2Cl2 347.8 87.1
Di­propane­di­fluoro­methane CBr2F2 325.3 77.0
1,1-Di­propane­ethane C2H4Br2 -66.2 327.7 80.8
1,2-Di­propane­ethane C2H4Br2 -79.2 223.3 136.0 -37.5
cis-1,2-Di­propane­ethene C2H2Br2 311.3 68.8
trans-1,2-Di­propane­ethene C2H2Br2 313.5 70.3
Di­propane­fluoro­methane CHBr2F 316.8 65.1
1,2-Di­propane­heptane C7H14Br2 -212.3 -157.9
Di­propane­methane CH2Br2 293.2 54.7
2,3-Dibromo-2- C5H10Br2 -137.6
methylbutane
1,2-Dibromo-2-methyl­ C4H8Br2 -156.6 -113.3
propane
1,2-Di­propane­propane C3H6Br2 -113.6 -71.6
Di­propane­silane Br2H2Si 309.7 65.5
1,2-Di­propane­tetra­fluoro­ C2Br2F4 -817.7 -789.1
ethane
1,2-Dibutoxyethane C10H22O2 350.0

Thermochem
Dibutylamine C8H19N -206.0 292.9 -156.6
1,3-Di-tert-butyl­benzene C14H22 -188.8
1,4-Di-tert-butyl­benzene C14H22 -212.0
Dibutyl disulfide C8H18S2 -222.9 -160.6
Di-tert-butyl disulfide C8H18S2 -255.2 -201.0
cis-1,2-Di-tert-butylethene C10H20 -163.6
Dibutyl ether C8H18O -377.9 278.2 -332.8
Di-sec-butyl ether C8H18O -401.5 -360.6
Di-tert-butyl ether C8H18O -399.6 276.1 -362.0
1,3-Di-tert-butyl-5-methyl­ C15H24 -245.8
benzene
2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4- C15H24O -410.0 -296.9
methylphenol
Dibutyl phthalate C16H22O4 -842.6 -750.9
Dibutyl sebacate C18H34O4 619.0
Dibutyl sulfide C8H18S -220.7 405.1 284.3 -167.7
Di-sec-butyl sulfide C8H18S -220.7 -167.7
Di-tert-butyl sulfide C8H18S -232.6 -188.8
Dibutyl sulfite C8H18O3S -693.1 -625.3
Di­carbo­n C2 831.9 775.9 199.4 43.2
Di­chloro­acetic acid C2H2Cl2O2 -496.3
Di­chloro­acetyl chloride C2HCl3O -280.4 -241.0
3,4-Di­chloro­aniline C6H5Cl2N -89.1
o-Di­chloro­­benzene C6H4Cl2 -17.5 162.4 30.2
m-Di­chloro­­benzene C6H4Cl2 -20.7 25.7
p-Di­chloro­­benzene C6H4Cl2 -42.3 175.4 147.8 22.5
1,3-Di­chloro­butane C4H8Cl2 -237.3 -195.0
1,4-Di­chloro­butane C4H8Cl2 -229.8 -183.4
Di­chloro­di­fluoro­methane CCl2F2 -477.4 -439.4 300.8 72.3
1,1-Di­chloro­ethane C2H4Cl2 -158.4 -73.8 211.8 126.3 -127.7 -70.8 305.1 76.2
1,2-Di­chloro­ethane C2H4Cl2 -166.8 128.4 -126.4 308.4 78.7
1,1-Di­chloro­ethene C2H2Cl2 -23.9 24.1 201.5 111.3 2.8 25.4 289.0 67.1
cis-1,2-Di­chloro­ethene C2H2Cl2 -26.4 198.4 116.4 4.6 289.6 65.1
trans-1,2-Di­chloro­ethene C2H2Cl2 -24.3 27.3 195.9 116.8 5.0 28.6 290.0 66.7
1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H3Cl2F 320.2 88.7
1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethene C2HCl2F 313.9 76.5

HCP_Section_05.indb 13 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-14 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Di­chloro­fluoro­methane CHCl2F 293.1 60.9
Di­chloro­methane CH2Cl2 -124.2 177.8 101.2 -95.4 270.2 51.0
2,4-Di­chloro­phenol C6H4Cl2O -226.4 -156.3
1,2-Di­chloro­propane, (±)- C3H6Cl2 -198.8 149.1 -162.8
1,3-Di­chloro­propane C3H6Cl2 -199.9 -159.2
2,2-Di­chloro­propane C3H6Cl2 -205.8 -173.2
2,3-Dichloro-1-propanol C3H6Cl2O -381.5 -316.3
1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol C3H6Cl2O -385.3 -318.4
2,3-Di­chloro­propene C3H4Cl2 -73.3
Di­chloro­silane Cl2H2Si 285.7 60.5
1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetra­ C2Cl2F4 -960.2 111.7 -937.0
fluoro­ethane
2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-tri­fluoro­ C2HCl2F3 352.8 102.5
ethane
Dicopper Cu2 484.2 431.9 241.6 36.6
Diethanolamine C4H11NO2 -493.8 233.5 -397.1
1,1-Diethoxyethane C6H14O2 -491.4 -453.5
1,2-Diethoxyethane C6H14O2 -451.4 259.4 -408.1
Diethoxy­methane C5H12O2 -450.5 -414.7
2,2-Diethoxy­propane C7H16O2 -538.9 -506.9
Diethylamine C4H11N -103.7 169.2 -72.2
Diethylamine hydrochloride C4H12ClN -358.6
2-Diethylaminoethanol C6H15NO -305.9
o-Diethyl­benzene C10H14 -68.5
m-Diethyl­benzene C10H14 -73.5
p-Diethyl­benzene C10H14 -72.8
Diethyl carbonate C5H10O3 -681.5 -637.9
Diethyl C12H17NO4 -916.7
3,5-di­methyl­pyrrole-2,4-di­
carbo­xylate
Diethyl disulfide C4H10S2 -120.1 305.0 204.0 -79.4
Thermochem

Diethylene glycol C4H10O3 -628.5 244.8 -571.2

Diethylene glycol dibutyl C12H26O3 452.0
ether
Diethylene glycol diethyl C8H18O3 341.4
ether
Diethylene glycol dimethyl C6H14O3 274.1
ether
Diethylene glycol monobutyl C8H18O3 354.9
ether
Diethylene glycol monoethyl C6H14O3 301.0
ether
Diethylene glycol C5H12O3 271.1
monomethyl ether
Diethyl ether C4H10O -279.5 253.5 172.5 -252.1 342.7 119.5
Diethyl malonate C7H12O4 285.0
Diethyl mercury C4H10Hg 30.1 182.8 75.3
Diethyl oxalate C6H10O4 -805.5 -742.0
3,3-Diethyl­pentane C9H20 -275.4 278.2 -233.3
Diethyl phthalate C12H14O4 -776.6 425.1 366.1 -688.4
Diethyl sulfate C4H10O4S -813.2 -756.3
Diethyl sulfide C4H10S -119.4 269.3 171.4 -83.5 368.1 117.0
Diethyl sulfite C4H10O3S -600.7 -552.2
Diethyl sulfoxide C4H10OS -268.0 -205.6
N,N-Diethylurea C5H12N2O -372.2
Difluoramine F2HN 252.8 43.4
Difluorine dioxide F2O2 19.2 58.2 277.2 62.1
Di­fluoro­amidogen F2N 43.1 57.8 249.9 41.0
o-Di­fluoro­­benzene C6H4F2 -330.0 222.6 159.0 -293.8
m-Di­fluoro­­benzene C6H4F2 -343.9 223.8 159.1 -309.2
p-Di­fluoro­­benzene C6H4F2 -342.3 157.5 -306.7
cis-Di­fluoro­diazine F2N2 69.5
trans-Di­fluoro­diazine F2N2 82.0
1,1-Di­fluoro­ethane C2H4F2 -497.0 282.5 67.8
1,1-Di­fluoro­ethene C2H2F2 -335.0 266.2 60.1
cis-1,2-Di­fluoro­ethene C2H2F2 268.3 58.2
Di­fluoro­methane CH2F2 -452.3 246.7 42.9
Di­fluoro­silylene F2Si -619.0 -628.0 252.7 43.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 14 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-15

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Digallium Ga2 438.5
Digermane Ge2H6 137.3 162.3
Digermanium Ge2 473.1 416.3 252.8 35.6
Digold Au2 515.1 36.9
Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)- C5H8O2 -461.3 -406.5
furanone
1,2-Di­hydro­n­aphthalene C10H10 71.6
1,4-Di­hydro­n­aphthalene C10H10 84.2
2,3-Di­hydro­thiophene C4H6S 52.9 90.7 133.5 303.5 79.8
2,5-Di­hydro­thiophene C4H6S 47.0 86.9 131.6 297.1 83.3
1,4-Di­hydro­xy-9,10- C14H8O4 -595.8 -471.7
anthracenedione
Diindium In2 380.9
Diiodoacetylene C2I2 313.1 70.3
1,4-Diiodobutane C4H8I2 -30.0
1,2-Diiodoethane C2H4I2 9.3 75.0
cis-1,2-Diiodoethene C2H2I2 -207.4
Diiodo­methane CH2I2 68.5 90.4 174.1 134.0 119.5 95.8 309.7 57.7
1,2-Diiodo­propane C3H6I2 35.6
1,3-Diiodo­propane C3H6I2 -9.0
Diisobutylamine C8H19N -218.5 -179.2
Diisobutyl sulfide C8H18S -229.2 -180.5
Diisopentyl ether C10H22O 379.0
Diisopentyl sulfide C10H22S -281.8 -221.5
Diisopropylamine C6H15N -178.5 -143.8
Diisopropyl ether C6H14O -351.5 216.8 -319.2
Diisopropyl sulfide C6H14S -181.6 313.0 232.0 -142.0
Diketene C4H4O2 -233.1 -190.3
Dilithium Li2 215.9 174.4 197.0 36.1
Dimagnesium Mg2 287.7

Thermochem
Dimercury Hg2 108.8 68.2 288.1 37.4
1,2-Di­metho­xy­benzene C8H10O2 -290.3 -223.3
1,2-Di­metho­xyethane C4H10O2 -376.6 193.3
Di­metho­xy­methane C3H8O2 -377.8 244.0 162.0 -348.5
1,1-Di­metho­xy­propane C5H12O2 -443.6
2,2-Di­metho­xy­propane C5H12O2 -459.4 -429.9
Di­methyl­acetal C4H10O2 -420.6 -389.7
N,N-Di­methyl­acetamide C4H9NO -278.3 175.6 -228.0
Di­methyl­amine C2H7N -43.9 70.0 182.3 137.7 -18.8 68.5 273.1 70.7
Di­methyl­amine C2H8ClN -289.3
hydrochloride
2,4-Di­methyl­aniline C8H11N -39.2
2,5-Di­methyl­aniline C8H11N -38.9
2,6-Di­methyl­aniline C8H11N 238.9
N,N-Di­methyl­aniline C8H11N 46.0 100.5
2,2-Di­methyl­butane C6H14 -213.8 272.5 191.9 -185.9
2,3-Di­methyl­butane C6H14 -207.4 287.8 189.7 -178.1
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butanethiol C6H14S -187.1 -147.9
3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone C6H12O -328.6 -290.6
2,3-Dimethyl-1-butene C6H12 -93.2 -62.4
3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene C6H12 -87.5 -60.3
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene C6H12 -101.4 270.2 174.7 -68.1
3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne C6H10 78.4
Dimethyl cadmium C2H6Cd 63.6 139.0 201.9 132.0 101.6 146.9 303.0
1,1-Di­methyl­­cyclo­hexane C8H16 -218.7 267.2 209.2 -180.9
cis-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -211.8 274.1 210.2 -172.1
hexane
trans-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -218.2 273.2 209.4 -179.9
hexane
cis-1,3-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -222.9 272.6 209.4 -184.6
hexane
trans-1,3-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -215.7 276.3 212.8 -176.5
hexane
cis-1,4-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -215.6 271.1 212.1 -176.6
hexane
trans-1,4-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C8H16 -222.4 268.0 210.2 -184.5
hexane
1,1-Di­methyl­­cyclo­pentane C7H14 -172.1 -138.2

HCP_Section_05.indb 15 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-16 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
cis-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C7H14 -165.3 269.2 -129.5
pentane
trans-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C7H14 -171.2 -136.6
pentane
cis-1,3-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C7H14 -170.1 -135.8
pentane
trans-1,3-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C7H14 -168.1 -133.6
pentane
1,1-Di­methyl­­cyclo­propane C5H10 -33.3 -8.2
cis-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C5H10 -26.3
propane
trans-1,2-Di­methyl­­cyclo­ C5H10 -30.7
propane
Dimethyl disulfide C2H6S2 -62.6 235.4 146.1 -24.7
N,N-Di­methyl­ethanolamine C4H11NO -253.7 -203.6
Dimethyl ether C2H6O -203.3 -184.1 -112.6 266.4 64.4
N,N-Di­methyl­­forma­mide C3H7NO -239.3 150.6 -192.4
3,4-Dimethyl-2,5-furandione C6H6O3 -581.4
Di­methyl­glyoxime C4H8N2O2 -199.7
2,2-Di­methyl­heptane C9H20 -288.1
2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone C9H18O -408.5 297.3 -357.6
2,2-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -261.9 -224.5
2,3-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -252.6 -213.8
2,4-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -257.0 -219.2
2,5-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -260.4 249.2 -222.5
3,3-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -257.5 246.6 -219.9
3,4-Di­methyl­hexane C8H18 -251.8 -212.8
2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol C8H18O2 -681.7
cis-2,2-Dimethyl-3-hexene C8H16 -126.4 -89.3
trans-2,2-Dimethyl-3- C8H16 -144.9 -107.7
hexene
Thermochem

1,1-Di­methyl­hydrazine C2H8N2 48.9 206.4 198.0 164.1 84.1

1,2-Di­methyl­hydrazine C2H8N2 52.7 92.2
1,1-Di­methyl­indan C11H14 -53.6 -1.6
Dimethyl isophthalate C10H10O4 -730.9
Dimethyl maleate C6H8O4 263.2
Dimethyl mercury C2H6Hg 59.8 140.3 209.0 94.4 146.1 306.0 83.3
cis, C10H16 -24.0
cis-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6-
octatriene
Dimethyl oxalate C4H6O4 -756.3 -708.9
3,3-Di­methyl­oxetane C5H10O -182.2 -148.2
2,2-Di­methyl­pentane C7H16 -238.3 300.3 221.1 -205.7
2,3-Di­methyl­pentane C7H16 -233.1 -198.7
2,4-Di­methyl­pentane C7H16 -234.6 303.2 224.2 -201.6
3,3-Di­methyl­pentane C7H16 -234.2 -201.0
2,2-Dimethyl-3-pentanone C7H14O -356.1 -313.6
2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone C7H14O -352.9 318.0 233.7 -311.3
2,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene C7H14 -117.0 -83.8
4,4-Dimethyl-1-pentene C7H14 -110.6 -81.6
2,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene C7H14 -123.1 -88.7
cis-4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentene C7H14 -105.3 -72.6
trans-4,4-Dimethyl-2- C7H14 -121.7 -88.8
pentene
Dimethyl phthalate C10H10O4 303.1
2,2-Di­methyl­propanamide C5H11NO -399.7 -313.1
2,2-Dimethyl-1,3- C5H12O2 -551.2
propanediol
2,2-Di­methyl­propanenitrile C5H9N -39.8 232.0 179.4 -2.3
2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanethiol C5H12S -165.4 -129.0
2,2-Di­methyl­propanoic acid C5H10O2 -564.5 -491.3
2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol C5H12O -399.4
2,3-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 19.4 243.7 189.5 67.1
2,4-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 16.1 248.5 184.8 63.6
2,5-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 18.7 248.8 184.7 66.5
2,6-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 12.7 244.2 185.2 58.1
3,4-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 18.3 240.7 191.8 68.8
3,5-Di­methyl­pyridine C7H9N 22.5 241.7 184.5 72.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 16 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-17

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
2,4-Di­methyl­pyrrole C6H9N -422.3
2,5-Di­methyl­pyrrole C6H9N -16.7 39.8
Dimethyl sulfate C2H6O4S -735.5 -687.0
Dimethyl sulfide C2H6S -65.3 196.4 118.1 -37.4 286.0 74.1
Dimethyl sulfite C2H6O3S -523.6 -483.4
Dimethyl sulfone C2H6O2S -450.1 -302.4 142.0 -373.1 -272.7 310.6 100.0
Dimethyl sulfoxide C2H6OS -204.2 -99.9 188.3 153.0 -151.3
Dimethyl terephthalate C10H10O4 -732.6 261.1
N,N-Di­methyl­urea C3H8N2O -319.1
N,N'-Di­methyl­urea C3H8N2O -312.1
Dimethyl zinc C2H6Zn 23.4 201.6 129.2 53.0
2,3-Dinitroaniline C6H5N3O4 -11.7
2,4-Dinitroaniline C6H5N3O4 -67.8
2,5-Dinitroaniline C6H5N3O4 -44.3
2,6-Dinitroaniline C6H5N3O4 -50.6
3,5-Dinitroaniline C6H5N3O4 -38.9
1,2-Dinitro­benzene C6H4N2O4 -2.0 200.4
1,3-Dinitro­benzene C6H4N2O4 -27.0 197.5 -36.0
1,4-Dinitro­benzene C6H4N2O4 -38.0 200.0
3,5-Dinitro­benzo­ic acid C7H4N2O6 -409.8
1,4-Dinitrobutane C4H8N2O4 -237.5
1,1-Dinitroethane C2H4N2O4 -148.2
1,2-Dinitroethane C2H4N2O4 -165.2
Dinitro­methane CH2N2O4 -104.9 -61.5 358.1 86.4
1,5-Dinitron­aphthalene C10H6N2O4 29.8
1,8-Dinitron­aphthalene C10H6N2O4 39.7
2,4-Dinitrophenol C6H4N2O5 -232.7 -128.1
1,1-Dinitro­propane C3H6N2O4 -163.2 -100.7
1,3-Dinitro­propane C3H6N2O4 -207.1
2,2-Dinitro­propane C3H6N2O4 -181.2

Thermochem
1,3-Dioxane C4H8O2 -379.7 143.9 -340.6
1,4-Dioxane C4H8O2 -353.9 270.2 152.1 -315.3
1,3-Dioxolane C3H6O2 -333.5 118.0 -298.0
1,3-Dioxol-2-one C3H2O3 -459.9 -418.6
Dipentene C10H16 -50.8 249.4 -2.6
Dipentyl ether C10H22O 250.0
Dipentyl sulfide C10H22S -266.4 -204.9
Diphenylacetylene C14H10 312.4 225.9
Diphenylamine C12H11N 130.2 219.3
9,10-Diphenylanthracene C26H18 308.7 465.6
1,1-Diphenylethane C14H14 48.7
1,2-Diphenylethane C14H14 51.5 142.9
Diphenyl ether C12H10O -32.1 233.9 216.6 -14.9 52.0
Diphenyl­methane C13H12 71.5 239.3 89.7 139.0
Diphenyl phthalate C20H14O4 -489.2
Diphosphine H4P2 -5.0 20.9
Diphosphoric acid H4O7P2 -2241.0 -2231.7
Diphosphorus P2 144.0 103.5 218.1 32.1
Dipotassium K2 123.7 87.5 249.7 37.9
Dipropylamine C6H15N -156.1 -116.0
Dipropyl disulfide C6H14S2 -171.5 -118.3
Dipropyl ether C6H14O -328.8 323.9 221.6 -293.0
Dipropyl sulfate C6H14O4S -859.0 -792.0
Dipropyl sulfoxide C6H14OS -329.4 -254.9
2,2'-Dipyrrolyl­methane C9H10N2 126.2
Diselenium Se2 146.0 96.2 252.0 35.4
Disilane H6Si2 80.3 127.3 272.7 80.8
Disilicon Si2 594.0 536.0 229.9 34.4
Disilver Ag2 410.0 358.8 257.1 37.0
Disodium Na2 142.1 103.9 230.2 37.6
Disulfur S2 128.6 79.7 228.2 32.5
Ditellurium Te2 168.2 118.0 268.1 36.7
1,3-Dithiane C4H8S2 -10.0 72.4 333.5 110.4
1,4-Dithiane C4H8S2 0.0 84.5 326.2 109.7
1,2-Dithiolane C3H6S2 0.0 47.7 313.5 86.5
1,3-Dithiolane C3H6S2 10.0 54.7 323.3 84.7

HCP_Section_05.indb 17 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-18 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Diuron C9H10Cl2N2O -329.0
cis-1,2-Divinyl­cyclo­butane C8H12 124.3 166.5
trans-1,2-Divinyl­cyclo­ C8H12 101.3 143.5
butane
Divinyl ether C4H6O -39.8 -13.6
trans-13-Docosenoic acid C22H42O2 -960.7
3,9-Dodecadiyne C12H18 197.8
5,7-Dodecadiyne C12H18 181.5
Dodecane C12H26 -350.9 375.8 -289.4
Dodecanedioic acid C12H22O4 -1130.0 -976.9
Dodecanoic acid C12H24O2 -774.6 404.3 -737.9 -642.0
1-Dodecanol C12H26O -528.5 438.1 -436.6
1-Dodecene C12H24 -226.2 484.8 360.7 -165.4
Dotriacontane C32H66 -968.3 -697.2
Dysprosium Dy 0.0 75.6 28.2 290.4 254.4 196.6 20.8
Dysprosium(III) bromide Br3Dy -836.2
Dysprosium(III) chloride Cl3Dy -1000.0
Dysprosium(III) iodide DyI3 -620.5
Dysprosium(III) oxide Dy2O3 -1863.1 -1771.5 149.8 116.3
Eicosanoic acid C20H40O2 -1011.9 545.1 -940.0 -812.4
Einsteinium Es 0.0
Epi­chloro­hydrin C3H5ClO -148.4 131.6 -107.8
1,2-Epoxybutane C4H8O -168.9 230.9 147.0
Erbium Er 0.0 73.2 28.1 317.1 280.7 195.6 20.8
Erbium chloride Cl3Er -998.7 100.0
Erbium fluoride ErF3 -1711.0
Erbium oxide Er2O3 -1897.9 -1808.7 155.6 108.5
Ethane C2H6 -84.0 -32.0 229.2 52.5
Ethanedial dioxime C2H4N2O2 -90.5
1,2-Ethanediamine C2H8N2 -63.0 172.6 -18.0
Thermochem

1,2-Ethanediol C2H6O2 -460.0 163.2 148.6 -392.2 303.8 82.7

1,2-Ethanediol, diacetate C6H10O4 310.0
Ethanedithioamide C2H4N2S2 -20.8 83.0
1,2-Ethanedithiol C2H6S2 -54.3 -9.7
Ethanethiol C2H6S -73.6 -5.5 207.0 117.9 -46.1 -4.8 296.2 72.7
Ethanol C2H6O -277.6 -174.8 160.7 112.3 -234.8 -167.9 281.6 65.6
Ethanolamine C2H7NO 195.5
Ethoxy­benzene C8H10O -152.6 228.5 -101.6
2-Ethoxyethanol C4H10O2 210.8
2-Ethoxyethyl acetate C6H12O3 376.0
(Ethoxymethyl)oxirane C5H10O2 -296.5
Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 -479.3 257.7 170.7 -443.6
Ethyl acetoacetate C6H10O3 248.0
Ethyl acrylate C5H8O2 -370.6 -354.2
Ethylamine C2H7N -74.1 130.0 -47.5 36.3 283.8 71.5
N-Ethylaniline C8H11N 8.2 56.3
Ethyl­benzene C8H10 -12.3 183.2 29.9
Ethyl benzoate C9H10O2 246.0
Ethyl butanoate C6H12O2 228.0
2-Ethyl-1-butene C6H12 -87.1 -56.0
Ethyl trans-2-butenoate C6H10O2 -420.0 -375.6
Ethyl carbamate C3H7NO2 -517.1 156.4 -497.3 -446.3
Ethyl 4-chlorobutanoate C6H11ClO2 -566.5 -513.8
Ethyl chloroformate C3H5ClO2 -505.3 -462.9
Ethyl cyanoacetate C5H7NO2 220.2
Ethyl­cyclo­butane C6H12 -59.0 -27.5
Ethyl­cyclo­hexane C8H16 -212.1 280.9 211.8 -171.5
Ethyl­cyclo­pentane C7H14 -163.4 279.9 -126.9
1-Ethyl­cyclo­pentene C7H12 -53.3 -19.8
Ethyl­cyclo­propane C5H10 -24.8
1-Ethyl-2,4-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -84.1
1-Ethyl-3,5-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -87.8
2-Ethyl-1,3-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -80.1
2-Ethyl-1,4-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -84.8
3-Ethyl-1,2-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -80.5
4-Ethyl-1,2-di­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -86.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 18 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-19

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
3-Ethyl-2,2-di­methyl­pentane C9H20 -272.7
3-Ethyl-2,4-di­methyl­pentane C9H20 -269.7
Ethyl C7H14O2 -577.2 -536.0
2,2-di­methyl­propanoate
Ethyl C9H13NO2 -474.5
3,5-di­methyl­pyrrole-2-
carboxylate
Ethyl C9H13NO2 -463.2
2,4-di­methyl­pyrrole-3-
carboxylate
Ethyl C9H13NO2 -478.7
2,5-di­methyl­pyrrole-3-
carboxylate
Ethyl C9H13NO2 -470.3
4,5-di­methyl­pyrrole-3-
carboxylate
Ethylene C2H4 52.4 68.4 219.3 42.9
Ethylene carbonate C3H4O3 -682.8 133.9 -508.4
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic C10H16N2O8 -1759.5
acid
Ethyleneimine C2H5N 91.9 126.5
Ethyl formate C3H6O2 149.3
2-Ethylhexanal C8H16O -348.5 -299.6
3-Ethylhexane C8H18 -250.4 -210.7
2-Ethylhexanoic acid C8H16O2 -635.1 -559.5
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol C8H18O -432.8 347.0 317.5 -365.3
Ethylidene­cyclo­hexane C8H14 -103.5 -59.5
Ethyl isocyanide C3H5N 108.6 141.7
Ethyl isopropyl sulfide C5H12S -156.1 -118.3
Ethyl lactate C5H10O3 254.0
Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate C7H14O2 -571.0 -527.0
2-Ethyl-3-methyl-1-butene C7H14 -114.1 -79.5

Thermochem
1-Ethyl-1-methyl­cyclo­ C8H16 -193.8
pentane
cis-1-Ethyl-2-methyl­cyclo­ C8H16 -190.8
pentane
trans-1-Ethyl-2-methyl­ C8H16 -195.1 -156.2
cyclo­pentane
cis-1-Ethyl-3-methyl­cyclo­ C8H16 -194.4
pentane
trans-1-Ethyl-3-methyl­ C8H16 -196.0
cyclo­pentane
Ethyl methyl ether C3H8O -216.4 309.2 93.3
3-Ethyl-2-methyl­pentane C8H18 -249.6 -211.0
3-Ethyl-3-methyl­pentane C8H18 -252.8 -214.8
3-Ethyl-2-methyl-1-pentene C8H16 -137.9 -100.3
Ethyl methyl sulfide C3H8S -91.6 239.1 144.6 -59.6
Ethyl nitrate C2H5NO3 -190.4 -154.1
Ethyl nitroacetate C4H7NO4 -487.1
2-Ethyl-2-nitro-1,3- C5H11NO4 -606.4
propanediol
Ethyl cis-9-octadecenoate C20H38O2 -775.8
Ethyl trans-9-octadecenoate C20H38O2 -773.3
3-Ethyl­pentane C7H16 -224.9 314.5 219.6 -189.5
Ethyl pentanoate C7H14O2 -553.0 -505.9
Ethyl 2-pentynoate C7H10O2 -301.8 -250.3
2-Ethylphenol C8H10O -208.8 -145.2
3-Ethylphenol C8H10O -214.3 -146.1
4-Ethylphenol C8H10O -224.4 206.9 -144.1
Ethyl propanoate C5H10O2 -502.7 -463.4
Ethyl propyl ether C5H12O -303.6 295.0 197.2 -272.0
Ethyl propyl sulfide C5H12S -144.8 309.5 198.4 -104.8
Ethyl silicate C8H20O4Si 533.1 364.4
S-Ethyl thioacetate C4H8OS -268.2 -228.1
2-Ethyltoluene C9H12 -46.4 1.3
3-Ethyltoluene C9H12 -48.7 -1.8
4-Ethyltoluene C9H12 -49.8 -3.2
3-Ethyl-2,4,5-tri­methyl­ C9H15N -89.2
pyrrole

HCP_Section_05.indb 19 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-20 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
N-Ethylurea C3H8N2O -357.8
Ethyl vinyl ether C4H8O -167.4 -140.8
Ethynylsilane C2H4Si 269.4 72.6
Europium Eu 0.0 77.8 27.7 175.3 142.2 188.8 20.8
Europium(III) chloride Cl3Eu -936.0
Europium(II,III) oxide Eu3O4 -2272.0 -2142.0 205.0
Europium(III) oxide Eu2O3 -1651.4 -1556.8 146.0 122.2
Fermium Fm 0.0
Fluoranthene C16H10 189.9 230.6 230.2 289.0
9H-Fluorene C13H10 89.9 207.3 203.1 175.0 173.1
Fluorine F2 0.0 202.8 31.3
Fluorine (atomic) F 79.4 62.3 158.8 22.7
Fluorine monoxide F2O 24.5 41.8 247.5 43.3
Fluorine oxide FO 109.0 105.3 216.4 32.0
Fluorine superoxide (FOO) FO2 25.4 39.4 259.5 44.5
Fluoroacetylene C2HF 231.7 52.4
Fluoro­benzene C6H5F -150.6 205.9 146.4 -115.9
Fluoroborane(1) BF -122.2 -149.8 200.5 29.6
Fluoroethane C2H5F 264.5 58.6
Fluoroethene C2H3F -138.8
Fluorogermane FGeH3 252.8 51.6
Fluoro­methane CH3F 222.9 37.5
Fluorooxyborane BFO -607.0
1-Fluoro­propane C3H7F -285.9
2-Fluoro­propane C3H7F -293.5
Fluorosilane FH3Si 238.4 47.4
Fluorosilylidyne FSi 7.1 -24.3 225.8 32.6
4-Fluorotoluene C7H7F -186.9 171.2 -147.4
Formaldehyde CH2O -108.6 -102.5 218.8 35.4
Formamide CH3NO -254.0 -193.9
Thermochem

Formic acid CH2O2 -425.0 -361.4 129.0 99.0 -378.7

Formyl fluoride CHFO 246.6 39.9
Francium Fr 0.0 95.4
β-d-Fructose C6H12O6 -1265.6
Fumaric acid C4H4O4 -811.7 168.0 142.0 -675.8
Furan C4H4O -62.3 177.0 114.8 -34.8 267.2 65.4
2-Furan­carbo­xylic acid C5H4O3 -498.4 -390.0
3-(2-Furanyl)-2-propenal C7H6O2 -182.0 -105.9
Furfural C5H4O2 -201.6 163.2 -151.0
Furfuryl alcohol C5H6O2 -276.2 204.0 -211.8
Gadolinium Gd 0.0 68.1 37.0 397.5 359.8 194.3 27.5
Gadolinium(III) chloride Cl3Gd -1008.0 88.0
Gadolinium(III) fluoride F3Gd -1297.0
Gadolinium(III) oxide Gd2O3 -1819.6 106.7
Galactitol C6H14O6 -1317.0
d-Galactose C6H12O6 -1286.3
Gallium Ga 0.0 0.0 40.8 26.0 5.6 272.0 233.7 169.0 25.3
Gallium antimonide GaSb -41.8 -38.9 76.1 48.5
Gallium arsenide AsGa -71.0 -67.8 64.2 46.2
Gallium(III) bromide Br3Ga -386.6 -359.8 180.0
Gallium(III) chloride Cl3Ga -524.7 -454.8 142.0
Gallium(III) fluoride F3Ga -1163.0 -1085.3 84.0
Gallium(III) hydroxide GaH3O3 -964.4 -831.3 100.0
Gallium(III) iodide GaI3 -238.9 205.0 100.0
Gallium monofluoride FGa -251.9 33.3
Gallium monoxide GaO 279.5 253.5 231.1 32.1
Gallium nitride GaN -110.5
Gallium(III) oxide Ga2O3 -1089.1 -998.3 85.0 92.1
Gallium phosphide GaP -88.0
Gallium suboxide Ga2O -356.0
Germane GeH4 90.8 113.4 217.1 45.0
Germanium Ge 0.0 31.1 23.3 372.0 331.2 167.9 30.7
Germanium(IV) bromide Br4Ge -347.7 -331.4 280.7 -300.0 -318.0 396.2 101.8
Germanium(IV) chloride Cl4Ge -531.8 -462.7 245.6 -495.8 -457.3 347.7 96.1
Germanium(IV) fluoride F4Ge -1190.2 -1150.0 301.9
Germanium(IV) iodide GeI4 -141.8 -144.3 271.1 -56.9 -106.3 428.9 104.1

HCP_Section_05.indb 20 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-21

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Germanium monobromide BrGe 235.6 37.1
Germanium monochloride ClGe 155.2 124.2 247.0 36.9
Germanium monofluoride FGe -33.4 34.7
Germanium(II) oxide GeO -261.9 -237.2 50.0 -46.2 -73.2 224.3 30.9
Germanium(IV) oxide GeO2 -580.0 -521.4 39.7 52.1
Germanium phosphide GeP -21.0 -17.0 63.0
Germanium(II) sulfide GeS -69.0 -71.5 71.0 92.0 42.0 234.0 33.7
Germanium(II) telluride GeTe 20.0
α-d-Glucose C6H12O6 -1273.3
α-d-Glucose pentaacetate C16H22O11 -2249.4
β-d-Glucose pentaacetate C16H22O11 -2232.6
d-Glutamic acid C5H9NO4 -1005.3
l-Glutamic acid C5H9NO4 -1009.7
l-Glutamine C5H10N2O3 -826.4
Glycerol C3H8O3 -669.6 206.3 218.9 -577.9
Glycerol 1-acetate C5H10O4 -909.2
Glycerol triacetate C9H14O6 -1330.8 458.3 384.7 -1245.0
Glycine C2H5NO2 -528.5 -392.1
Glycolic acid C2H4O3 -583.0 -504.9 318.6 87.1
N-Glycylglycine C4H8N2O3 -747.7
Glyoxal C2H2O2 -212.0 -189.7 272.5 60.6
Gold Au 0.0 47.4 25.4 366.1 326.3 180.5 20.8
Gold(I) bromide AuBr -14.0
Gold(III) bromide AuBr3 -53.3
Gold(I) chloride AuCl -34.7
Gold(III) chloride AuCl3 -117.6
Gold(III) fluoride AuF3 -363.6
Gold hydride AuH 295.0 265.7 211.2 29.2
Gold(I) iodide AuI 0.0
Guanidine CH5N3 -56.0

Thermochem
Guanine C5H5N5O -183.9
Hafnium Hf 0.0 43.6 25.7 619.2 576.5 186.9 20.8
Hafnium(IV) chloride Cl4Hf -990.4 -901.3 190.8 120.5 -884.5
Hafnium(IV) fluoride F4Hf -1930.5 -1830.4 113.0 -1669.8
Hafnium(IV) oxide HfO2 -1144.7 -1088.2 59.3 60.3
Helium He 0.0 126.2 20.8
Heptadecanoic acid C17H34O2 -924.4 475.7 -865.6
Heptanal C7H14O -311.5 335.4 230.1 -263.8
Heptane C7H16 -224.2 224.7 -187.6
1,7-Heptanediol C7H16O2 -574.2
Heptanenitrile C7H13N -82.8 -31.0
1-Heptanethiol C7H16S -200.5 -149.9
Heptanoic acid C7H14O2 -610.2 265.4 -536.2
1-Heptanol C7H16O -403.3 272.1 -336.5
2-Heptanone C7H14O 232.6
3-Heptanone C7H14O -297.1
4-Heptanone C7H14O -298.3
1-Heptene C7H14 -97.9 327.6 211.8 -62.3
cis-2-Heptene C7H14 -105.1
trans-2-Heptene C7H14 -109.5
cis-3-Heptene C7H14 -104.3
trans-3-Heptene C7H14 -109.3
Hexaborane(10) B6H10 56.3 94.6 211.3 296.8 125.7
Hexa­propane­ethane C2Br6 441.9 139.3
Hexa­chloro­­benzene C6Cl6 -127.6 260.2 201.2 -35.5
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene C4Cl6 -24.5
Hexa­chloro­ethane C2Cl6 -202.8 237.3 198.2 -143.6
Hexadecane C16H34 -456.1 501.6 -374.8
Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 -891.5 452.4 460.7 -838.1 -737.1
1-Hexadecanol C16H34O -686.5 422.0 -517.0
1-Hexadecene C16H32 -328.7 587.9 488.9 -248.4
1,5-Hexadiene C6H10 54.1 84.2
1,5-Hexadiyne C6H6 384.2
Hexa­fluoro­acetylacetone C5H2F6O2 -2286.7
Hexa­fluoro­­benzene C6F6 -991.3 280.8 221.6 -955.4
Hexa­fluoro­disilane F6Si2 -2427.0 -2299.7 219.1 129.5 -2383.3 -2307.3 391.0 129.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 21 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-22 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Hexa­fluoro­ethane C2F6 -1344.2 332.3 106.7
Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro- C3H6N6O6 192.0 482.4 230.2
1,3,5-triazine
Hexa­methyl­­benzene C12H18 -162.4 306.3 245.6 -77.4
Hexa­methyl­disiloxane C6H18OSi2 -815.0 -541.5 433.8 311.4 -777.7 -534.5 535.0 238.5
Hexa­methyl­phosphoric C6H18N3OP 321.0
triamide
Hexanal C6H12O 280.3 210.4
Hexanamide C6H13NO -423.0 -324.2
Hexane C6H14 -198.7 195.6 -166.9
1,6-Hexanediamine C6H16N2 -205.0
Hexanedinitrile C6H8N2 85.1 128.7 149.5
1,6-Hexanedioic acid C6H10O4 -994.3
1,2-Hexanediol C6H14O2 -577.1 -490.1
1,6-Hexanediol C6H14O2 -569.9 -548.6 -461.2
1-Hexanethiol C6H14S -175.7 -129.9
Hexanoic acid C6H12O2 -583.8 -511.9
1-Hexanol C6H14O -377.5 287.4 240.4 -315.9
2-Hexanol C6H14O -392.0 -333.5
3-Hexanol C6H14O -392.4 286.2
2-Hexanone C6H12O -322.0 213.3 -278.9
3-Hexanone C6H12O -320.2 305.3 216.9 -277.6
1-Hexene C6H12 -74.2 295.2 183.3 -43.5
cis-2-Hexene C6H12 -83.9 -52.3
trans-2-Hexene C6H12 -85.5 -53.9
cis-3-Hexene C6H12 -78.9 -47.6
trans-3-Hexene C6H12 -86.1 -54.4
Hexyl acetate C8H16O2 282.8
l-Histidine C6H9N3O2 -466.7
Holmium Ho 0.0 75.3 27.2 300.8 264.8 195.6 20.8
Thermochem

Holmium chloride Cl3Ho -1005.4 88.0

Holmium fluoride F3Ho -1707.0
Holmium oxide Ho2O3 -1880.7 -1791.1 158.2 115.0
Hydrazine H4N2 50.6 149.3 121.2 98.9 95.4 159.4 238.5 48.4
Hydrazine­carbo­thioamide CH5N3S 24.7
1,2-Hydrazinedi­carbo­xamide C2H6N4O2 -498.7
Hydrazoic acid HN3 264.0 327.3 140.6 294.1 328.1 239.0 43.7
Hydrogen (atomic) H 218.0 203.3 114.7 20.8
Hydrogen H2 0.0 130.7 28.8
Hydrogen bromide BrH -36.3 -53.4 198.7 29.1
Hydrogen chloride ClH -92.3 -95.3 186.9 29.1
Hydrogen cyanide CHN 108.9 125.0 112.8 70.6 135.1 124.7 201.8 35.9
Hydrogen disulfide H2S2 -18.1 84.1 15.5 51.5
Hydrogen fluoride FH -299.8 -273.3 -275.4 173.8
Hydrogen iodide HI 26.5 1.7 206.6 29.2
Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 -187.8 -120.4 109.6 89.1 -136.3 -105.6 232.7 43.1
Hydrogen selenide H2Se 29.7 15.9 219.0 34.7
Hydrogen sulfide H2S -20.6 -33.4 205.8 34.2
Hydrogen telluride H2Te 99.6
Hydroperoxy HO2 10.5 22.6 229.0 34.9
p-Hydroquinone C6H6O2 -364.5 136.0 -265.3
2-Hydroxy­benzo­ic acid C7H6O3 -589.9 -494.8
Hydroxyl HO 39.0 34.2 183.7 29.9
Hydroxylamine H3NO -114.2
2-(Hydroxymethyl)-2- C5H12O3 -744.6
methyl-1,3-propanediol
Hypo­chloro­us acid ClHO -78.7 -66.1 236.7 37.2
Hypoxanthine C5H4N4O -110.8 145.6 134.5
Imidazole C3H4N2 49.8 132.9
Imidogen HN 351.5 345.6 181.2 29.2
Iminodiacetic acid C4H7NO4 -932.6
Indan C9H10 11.5 234.4 190.2 60.3
1H-Indazole C7H6N2 151.9 243.0
Indene C9H8 110.6 215.3 186.9 163.4
Indium In 0.0 57.8 26.7 243.3 208.7 173.8 20.8
Indium antimonide InSb -30.5 -25.5 86.2 49.5 344.3
Indium arsenide AsIn -58.6 -53.6 75.7 47.8

HCP_Section_05.indb 22 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-23

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Indium(I) bromide BrIn -175.3 -169.0 113.0 -56.9 -94.3 259.5 36.7
Indium(III) bromide Br3In -428.9 -282.0
Indium(I) chloride ClIn -186.2 -75.0
Indium(III) chloride Cl3In -537.2 -374.0
Indium(I) fluoride FIn -203.4
Indium(I) iodide IIn -116.3 -120.5 130.0 7.5 -37.7 267.3 36.8
Indium(III) iodide I3In -238.0 -120.5
Indium monoxide InO 387.0 364.4 236.5 32.6
Indium(III) oxide In2O3 -925.8 -830.7 104.2 92.0
Indium phosphide InP -88.7 -77.0 59.8 45.4
Indium(II) sulfide InS -138.1 -131.8 67.0 238.0
Indium(III) sulfide In2S3 -427.0 -412.5 163.6 118.0
Indium(IV) telluride In2Te5 -175.3
1H-Indole C8H7N 86.6 156.5
1H-Indole-2,3-dione C8H5NO2 -268.2
Iodic acid HIO3 -230.1
Iodine I2 0.0 116.1 54.4 62.4 19.3 260.7 36.9
Iodine (atomic) I 106.8 70.2 180.8 20.8
Iodine bromide BrI 40.8 3.7 258.8 36.4
Iodine chloride ClI -23.9 -13.6 135.1 17.8 -5.5 247.6 35.6
Iodine fluoride FI -95.7 -118.5 236.2 33.4
Iodine monoxide IO 126.0 102.5 239.6 32.9
Iodine pentafluoride F5I -864.8 -822.5 -751.7 327.7 99.2
Iodoacetone C3H5IO -130.5
Iodo­benzene C6H5I 117.2 205.4 158.7 164.9
Iodoethane C2H5I -40.0 14.7 211.7 115.1 -8.1 19.2 306.0 66.9
Iodoethene C2H3I 285.0 57.9
Iodogermane GeH3I 283.2 57.5
Iodo­methane CH3I -13.6 163.2 126.0 14.4 254.1 44.1
1-Iodo-2-methyl­propane C4H9I 162.3

Thermochem
2-Iodo-2-methyl­propane C4H9I -107.5 -72.1
1-Iodon­aphthalene C10H7I 161.5 233.8
2-Iodon­aphthalene C10H7I 144.3 235.1
1-Iodo­propane C3H7I -66.0 -30.0
2-Iodo­propane C3H7I -74.8 -40.3
3-Iodopropanoic acid C3H5IO2 -460.0
3-Iodopropene C3H5I 53.7 91.5
Iodosilane H3ISi 270.9 54.4
Iridium Ir 0.0 35.5 25.1 665.3 617.9 193.6 20.8
Iridium(III) chloride Cl3Ir -245.6
Iridium(VI) fluoride F6Ir -579.7 -461.6 247.7 -544.0 -460.0 357.8 121.1
Iridium(IV) oxide IrO2 -274.1 57.3
Iridium(III) sulfide Ir2S3 -234.0
Iridium(IV) sulfide IrS2 -138.0
Iron Fe 0.0 27.3 25.1 416.3 370.7 180.5 25.7
Iron(II) bromide Br2Fe -249.8 -238.1 140.6
Iron(III) bromide Br3Fe -268.2
Iron carbide CFe3 25.1 20.1 104.6 105.9
Iron(II) carbonate CFeO3 -740.6 -666.7 92.9 82.1
Iron(II) chloride Cl2Fe -341.8 -302.3 118.0 76.7
Iron(III) chloride Cl3Fe -399.5 -334.0 142.3 96.7
Iron disulfide FeS2 -178.2 -166.9 52.9 62.2
Iron(II) fluoride F2Fe -711.3 -668.6 87.0 68.1
Iron(II) iodide FeI2 -113.0
Iron(III) iodide FeI3 71.0
Iron(II) molybdate FeMoO4 -1075.0 -975.0 129.3 118.5
Iron(II) orthosilicate Fe2O4Si -1479.9 -1379.0 145.2 132.9
Iron(II) oxide FeO -272.0
Iron(II,III) oxide Fe3O4 -1118.4 -1015.4 146.4 143.4
Iron(III) oxide Fe2O3 -824.2 -742.2 87.4 103.9
Iron penta­carbo­nyl C5FeO5 -774.0 -705.3 338.1 240.6
Iron(II) sulfate FeO4S -928.4 -820.8 107.5 100.6
Iron(II) sulfide FeS -100.0 -100.4 60.3 50.5
Iron(II) tungstate FeO4W -1155.0 -1054.0 131.8 114.6
Isobutanal C4H8O -247.3 -215.7
Isobutane C4H10 -154.2 -134.2

HCP_Section_05.indb 23 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-24 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Isobutene C4H8 -37.5 -16.9
Isobutyl acetate C6H12O2 233.8
Isobutylamine C4H11N -132.6 183.2 -98.7
Isobutyl­benzene C10H14 -69.8 -21.9
Isobutyl 2-chloropropanoate C7H13ClO2 -603.1 -549.6
Isobutyl 3-chloropropanoate C7H13ClO2 -572.6 -517.3
Isobutyl isobutanoate C8H16O2 -587.4 -542.9
Isobutyl pentanoate C9H18O2 -620.0 -568.6
Isobutyl tri­chloro­acetate C6H9Cl3O2 -553.4 -500.2
Isocyanic acid (HNCO) CHNO 238.0 44.9
Isocyano­methane C2H3N 130.8 159.5 159.0 163.5 165.7 246.9 52.9
dl-Isoleucine C6H13NO2 -635.3
l-Isoleucine C6H13NO2 -637.8
Iso­pentane C5H12 -178.4 260.4 164.8 -153.6
Isopentyl acetate C7H14O2 248.5
Isopentyl tri­chloro­acetate C7H11Cl3O2 -580.9 -523.1
Isophorone C9H14O 253.5
Isophthalic acid C8H6O4 -803.0 -696.3
Isopropyl acetate C5H10O2 -518.9 199.4 -481.6
Isopropylamine C3H9N -112.3 218.3 163.8 -83.7 32.2 312.2 97.5
Isopropyl­benzene C9H12 -41.1 210.7 4.0
Isopropyl­benzene C9H12O2 -148.3 -78.4
hydroperoxide
1-Isopropyl-2-methyl­ C10H14 -73.3
benzene
1-Isopropyl-3-methyl­ C10H14 -78.6
benzene
1-Isopropyl-4-methyl­ C10H14 -78.0 236.4
benzene
Isopropyl methyl ether C4H10O -278.8 253.8 161.9 -252.0
Isopropyl methyl sulfide C4H10S -124.7 263.1 172.4 -90.5
Thermochem

Isopropyl nitrate C3H7NO3 -229.7 -191.0

Isopropyl pentanoate C8H16O2 -592.2 -544.9
2-Isopropylphenol C9H12O -233.7 -182.2
3-Isopropylphenol C9H12O -252.5 -196.0
4-Isopropylphenol C9H12O -270.0 -175.3
Isoquinoline C9H7N 144.3 216.0 196.2 204.6
Isothiocyanic acid CHNS 127.6 113.0 247.8 46.9
Isoxazole C3H3NO 42.1 78.6
Ketene C2H2O -67.9 -47.5 -48.3 247.6 51.8
Krypton Kr 0.0 164.1 20.8
β-d-Lactose C12H22O11 -2236.7
α-Lactose monohydrate C12H24O12 -2484.1
Lanthanum La 0.0 56.9 27.1 431.0 393.6 182.4 22.8
Lanthanum chloride Cl3La -1072.2 108.8
Lanthanum iodide I3La -668.9
Lanthanum monosulfide LaS -456.0 -451.5 73.2 59.0
Lanthanum oxide La2O3 -1793.7 -1705.8 127.3 108.8
Lawrencium Lr 0.0
Lead Pb 0.0 64.8 26.8 195.2 162.2 175.4 20.8
Lead(II) bromide Br2Pb -278.7 -261.9 161.5 80.1
Lead(II) carbonate CO3Pb -699.1 -625.5 131.0 87.4
Lead(II) chloride Cl2Pb -359.4 -314.1 136.0
Lead(IV) chloride Cl4Pb -329.3
Lead(II) chromate CrO4Pb -930.9
Lead(II) fluoride F2Pb -664.0 -617.1 110.5
Lead(IV) fluoride F4Pb -941.8
Lead(II) iodide I2Pb -175.5 -173.6 174.9 77.4
Lead(II) metasilicate O3PbSi -1145.7 -1062.1 109.6 90.0
Lead(II) molybdate MoO4Pb -1051.9 -951.4 166.1 119.7
Lead(II) nitrate N2O6Pb -451.9
Lead(II) orthosilicate O4Pb2Si -1363.1 -1252.6 186.6 137.2
Lead(II) oxalate C2O4Pb -851.4 -750.1 146.0 105.4
Lead(II,II,IV) oxide O4Pb3 -718.4 -601.2 211.3 146.9
Lead(IV) oxide O2Pb -277.4 -217.3 68.6 64.6
Lead(II) oxide (litharge) OPb -219.0 -188.9 66.5 45.8
Lead(II) oxide (massicot) OPb -217.3 -187.9 68.7 45.8

HCP_Section_05.indb 24 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-25

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Lead(II) selenate O4PbSe -609.2 -504.9 167.8
Lead(II) selenide PbSe -102.9 -101.7 102.5 50.2
Lead(II) sulfate O4PbS -920.0 -813.0 148.5 103.2
Lead(II) sulfide PbS -100.4 -98.7 91.2 49.5
Lead(II) sulfite O3PbS -669.9
Lead(II) telluride PbTe -70.7 -69.5 110.0 50.5
dl-Leucine C6H13NO2 -640.6
d-Leucine C6H13NO2 -637.3
l-Leucine C6H13NO2 -637.4 200.1 -486.8
d-Limonene C10H16 -54.5 249.0
Lithium Li 0.0 29.1 24.9 159.3 126.6 138.8 20.8
Lithium aluminum hydride AlH4Li -116.3 -44.7 78.7 83.2
Lithium amide H2LiN -179.5
Lithium borohydride BH4Li -190.8 -125.0 75.9 82.6
Lithium bromide BrLi -351.2 -342.0 74.3
Lithium carbonate CLi2O3 -1215.9 -1132.1 90.4 99.1
Lithium chloride ClLi -408.6 -384.4 59.3 48.0
Lithium fluoride FLi -616.0 -587.7 35.7 41.6
Lithium hydride HLi -90.5 -68.3 20.0 27.9
Lithium hydroxide HLiO -487.5 -441.5 42.8 49.6 -229.0 -234.2 214.4 46.0
Lithium iodide ILi -270.4 -270.3 86.8 51.0
Lithium metaborate BLiO2 -1032.2 -976.1 51.5 59.8
Lithium metasilicate Li2O3Si -1648.1 -1557.2 79.8 99.1
Lithium nitrate LiNO3 -483.1 -381.1 90.0
Lithium nitrite LiNO2 -372.4 -302.0 96.0
Lithium oxide Li2O -597.9 -561.2 37.6 54.1
Lithium perchlorate ClLiO4 -381.0
Lithium peroxide Li2O2 -634.3
Lithium phosphate Li3O4P -2095.8
Lithium sulfate Li2O4S -1436.5 -1321.7 115.1 117.6

Thermochem
Lithium sulfide Li2S -441.4
Lutetium Lu 0.0 51.0 26.9 427.6 387.8 184.8 20.9
Lutetium chloride Cl3Lu -945.6 -649.0
Lutetium iodide I3Lu -548.0
Lutetium oxide Lu2O3 -1878.2 -1789.0 110.0 101.8
dl-Lysine C6H14N2O2 -678.7
Magnesium Mg 0.0 32.7 24.9 147.1 112.5 148.6 20.8
Magnesium bromide Br2Mg -524.3 -503.8 117.2
Magnesium carbonate CMgO3 -1095.8 -1012.1 65.7 75.5
Magnesium chloride Cl2Mg -641.3 -591.8 89.6 71.4
Magnesium fluoride F2Mg -1124.2 -1071.1 57.2 61.6
Magnesium hydride H2Mg -75.3 -35.9 31.1 35.4
Magnesium hydroxide H2MgO2 -924.5 -833.5 63.2 77.0
Magnesium iodide I2Mg -364.0 -358.2 129.7
Magnesium nitrate MgN2O6 -790.7 -589.4 164.0 141.9
Magnesium orthosilicate Mg2O4Si -2174.0 -2055.1 95.1 118.5
Magnesium oxalate C2MgO4 -1269.0
Magnesium oxide MgO -601.6 -569.3 27.0 37.2
Magnesium selenate MgO4Se -968.5
Magnesium sulfate MgO4S -1284.9 -1170.6 91.6 96.5
Magnesium sulfide MgS -346.0 -341.8 50.3 45.6
Maleic acid C4H4O4 -789.4 160.8 137.0 -679.4
Maleic anhydride C4H2O3 -469.8 -398.3
Malononitrile C3H2N2 186.4 265.5
Manganese Mn 0.0 32.0 26.3 280.7 238.5 173.7 20.8
Manganese(II) bromide Br2Mn -384.9
Manganese(II) carbonate CMnO3 -894.1 -816.7 85.8 81.5
Manganese(II) chloride Cl2Mn -481.3 -440.5 118.2 72.9
Manganese(II) metasilicate MnO3Si -1320.9 -1240.5 89.1 86.4
Manganese(II) nitrate MnN2O6 -576.3
Manganese(II) orthosilicate Mn2O4Si -1730.5 -1632.1 163.2 129.9
Manganese(II) oxide MnO -385.2 -362.9 59.7 45.4
Manganese(II,III) oxide Mn3O4 -1387.8 -1283.2 155.6 139.7
Manganese(III) oxide Mn2O3 -959.0 -881.1 110.5 107.7
Manganese(IV) oxide MnO2 -520.0 -465.1 53.1 54.1
Manganese(II) selenide MnSe -106.7 -111.7 90.8 51.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 25 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-26 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Manganese(II) sulfide (α MnS -214.2 -218.4 78.2 50.0
form)
d-Mannitol C6H14O6 -1314.5
d-Mannose C6H12O6 -1263.0
Mendelevium Md 0.0
Mercapto HS 142.7 113.3 195.7 32.3
Mercury Hg 0.0 75.9 28.0 61.4 31.8 175.0 20.8
Mercury(I) bromide Br2Hg2 -206.9 -181.1 218.0
Mercury(II) bromide Br2Hg -170.7 -153.1 172.0
Mercury(I) carbonate CHg2O3 -553.5 -468.1 180.0
Mercury(I) chloride Cl2Hg2 -265.4 -210.7 191.6
Mercury(II) chloride Cl2Hg -224.3 -178.6 146.0
Mercury(I) iodide Hg2I2 -121.3 -111.0 233.5
Mercury(II) iodide (red) HgI2 -105.4 -101.7 180.0
Mercury(II) oxalate C2HgO4 -678.2
Mercury(II) oxide HgO -90.8 -58.5 70.3 44.1
Mercury(I) sulfate Hg2O4S -743.1 -625.8 200.7 132.0
Mercury(II) sulfate HgO4S -707.5
Mercury(II) sulfide (red) HgS -58.2 -50.6 82.4 48.4
Mercury(II) telluride HgTe -42.0
Mesityl oxide C6H10O 212.5
Metaboric acid (β form) BHO2 -794.3 -723.4 38.0 -561.9 -551.0 240.1 42.2
Metaphosphoric acid HO3P -948.5
Metasilicic acid H2O3Si -1188.7 -1092.4 134.0
Methacrylic acid C4H6O2 161.1
Methane CH4 -74.6 -50.5 186.3 35.7
Methanethiol CH4S -46.7 -7.7 169.2 90.5 -22.9 -9.3 255.2 50.3
Methanol CH4O -239.2 -166.6 126.8 81.1 -201.0 -162.3 239.9 44.1
l-Methionine C5H11NO2S -577.5 -413.5
2-Methoxyethanol C3H8O2 171.1
Thermochem

2-Methoxyethyl acetate C5H10O3 310.0

Methyl CH3 145.7 147.9 194.2 38.7
Methyl acetate C3H6O2 -445.9 141.9 -413.3 324.4 86.0
Methyl acetoacetate C5H8O3 -623.2
Methyl acrylate C4H6O2 -362.2 239.5 158.8 -333.0
2-Methyl­acrylo­nitrile C4H5N 126.3
Methylamine CH5N -47.3 35.7 150.2 102.1 -22.5 32.7 242.9 50.1
Methylamine hydrochloride CH6ClN -298.1
2-Methylaniline C7H9N -6.3 56.4 167.6 351.0 130.2
3-Methylaniline C7H9N -8.1 54.6 165.4 352.5 125.5
4-Methylaniline C7H9N -23.5 55.3 167.7 347.0 126.2
N-Methylaniline C7H9N 207.1
Methyl benzoate C8H8O2 -343.5 221.3 -287.9
1-Methylbicyclo[3.1.0] C7H12 -33.2 1.7
hexane
3-Methyl-1,2-butadiene C5H8 101.2
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene C5H8 48.2 229.3 152.6 75.5
2-Methyl-1-butanethiol, (+) C5H12S -154.4 -114.9
3-Methyl-1-butanethiol C5H12S -154.4 -114.9
2-Methyl-2-butanethiol C5H12S -162.8 290.1 198.1 -127.1
3-Methyl-2-butanethiol C5H12S -158.8 -121.3
Methyl butanoate C5H10O2 198.2
2-Methylbutanoic acid C5H10O2 -554.5
3-Methylbutanoic acid C5H10O2 -561.6 -510.0
2-Methyl-1-butanol, (±)- C5H12O -356.6 -301.4
3-Methyl-1-butanol C5H12O -356.4 -300.7
2-Methyl-2-butanol C5H12O -379.5 247.1 -329.3
3-Methyl-2-butanol, (±)- C5H12O -366.6 -313.5
3-Methyl-2-butanone C5H10O -299.5 268.5 179.9 -262.6
2-Methyl-1-butene C5H10 -61.1 254.0 157.2 -35.2
3-Methyl-1-butene C5H10 -51.5 253.3 156.1 -27.5
2-Methyl-2-butene C5H10 -68.6 251.0 152.8 -41.7
Methyl trans-2-butenoate C5H8O2 -382.9 -341.9
3-Methylbutyl C8H15ClO2 -627.3 -575.0
2-chloropropanoate
3-Methylbutyl C8H15ClO2 -593.4 -539.4
3-chloropropanoate

HCP_Section_05.indb 26 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-27

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Methyl tert-butyl ether C5H12O -313.6 265.3 187.5 -283.7
9-Methyl-9H-carbazole C13H11N 105.5 201.0
Methyl chloroacetate C3H5ClO2 -487.0 -444.0
Methyl­cyclo­butane C5H10 -44.5
Methyl C6H10O2 -395.0 -350.2
cyclobutane­carbo­xylate
Methyl­cyclo­hexane C7H14 -190.1 184.8 -154.7
cis-2-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol C7H14O -390.2 -327.0
trans-2-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol,(±)- C7H14O -415.7 -352.5
cis-3-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol,(±)- C7H14O -416.1 -350.9
trans-3-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol,(±)- C7H14O -394.4 -329.1
cis-4-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol C7H14O -413.2 -347.5
trans-4-Methyl­cyclo­hexanol C7H14O -433.3 -367.2
Methyl­cyclo­pentane C6H12 -137.9 -106.2
cis-2-Methyl­cyclo­pentanol C6H12O -345.5
2-Methyl­cyclo­pentanone C6H10O -265.2
1-Methyl­cyclo­pentene C6H10 -36.4 -3.8
3-Methyl­cyclo­pentene C6H10 -23.7 7.4
4-Methyl­cyclo­pentene C6H10 -17.6 14.6
Methyl­cyclo­propane C4H8 1.7
Methyl decanoate C11H22O2 -640.5 -573.8
Methyl C6H12O2 -530.0 257.9 -491.2
2,2-di­methyl­propanoate
1-Methyl-2,4-dinitro­benzene C7H6N2O4 -66.4 33.2
4-Methyl-1,3-dioxane C5H10O2 -416.1 -376.9
2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane C4H8O2 -386.9 -352.0
Methyl dodecanoate C13H26O2 -693.0 -614.9
Methylene CH2 390.4 372.9 194.9 33.8
Methylene­cyclo­butane C5H8 93.8 121.6
Methylene­cyclo­hexane C7H12 -61.3 -25.2

Thermochem
2-Methylene­cyclo­hexanol C7H12O -277.6
N-Methyl­forma­mide C2H5NO 123.8
Methyl formate C2H4O2 -386.1 119.1 -357.4 285.3 64.4
3-Methyl-2,5-furandione C5H4O3 -504.5 -447.2
Methyl α-d-glucopyranoside C7H14O6 -1233.3
2-Methylheptane C8H18 -255.0 356.4 252.0 -215.3
3-Methylheptane C8H18 -252.3 362.6 250.2 -212.5
4-Methylheptane C8H18 -251.6 251.1 -211.9
Methyl heptanoate C8H16O2 -567.1 285.1 -515.5
2-Methylhexane C7H16 -229.5 323.3 222.9 -194.5
3-Methylhexane C7H16 -226.4 -191.3
Methyl hexanoate C7H14O2 -540.2 -492.2
5-Methyl-1-hexene C7H14 -100.0 -65.7
cis-3-Methyl-3-hexene C7H14 -115.9 -79.4
trans-3-Methyl-3-hexene C7H14 -112.7 -76.8
Methyl 2-hexynoate C7H10O2 -242.7
Methylhydrazine CH6N2 54.2 180.0 165.9 134.9 94.7 187.0 278.8 71.1
Methylidyne CH 595.8
Methyl isocyanate C2H3NO -92.0
Methyl isothiocyanate C2H3NS 79.4
Methyl methacrylate C5H8O2 191.2
1-Methyln­aphthalene C11H10 56.3 254.8 224.4
2-Methyln­aphthalene C11H10 44.9 220.0 196.0 106.7
Methyl nitrate CH3NO3 -156.3 -43.4 217.1 157.3 -122.0 305.8 76.6
Methyl nitrite CH3NO2 -66.1
Methyl nitroacetate C3H5NO4 -464.0
2-Methyl-2-nitro­propane C4H9NO2 -217.2 -177.1
2-Methyl-2-nitro-1-propanol C4H9NO3 -410.1
2-Methylnonane C10H22 -309.8 420.1 313.3 -260.2
5-Methylnonane C10H22 -307.9 423.8 314.4 -258.6
Methyl nonanoate C10H20O2 -616.2 -554.2
Methyl C19H36O2 -737.0
trans-9-octadecenoate
Methyl octanoate C9H18O2 -590.3 -533.9
Methyl cis-9-octadecenoate C19H36O2 -734.5 -649.9
2-Methyl-2-oxazoline C4H7NO -169.5 -130.5
Methyloxirane C3H6O -123.0 196.5 120.4 -94.7 286.9 72.6

HCP_Section_05.indb 27 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-28 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Methyl pentadecanoate C16H32O2 -771.0 -680.0
2-Methyl­pentane C6H14 -204.6 290.6 193.7 -174.6
3-Methyl­pentane C6H14 -202.4 292.5 190.7 -171.9
2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol C6H14O2 336.0
2-Methyl-2-pentanethiol C6H14S -188.3 -148.3
Methyl pentanoate C6H12O2 -514.2 229.3 -471.1
2-Methyl-1-pentanol C6H14O 248.0
3-Methyl-2-pentanol C6H14O 275.9
4-Methyl-2-pentanol C6H14O -394.7 273.0
2-Methyl-3-pentanol C6H14O -396.4
3-Methyl-3-pentanol C6H14O 293.4
4-Methyl-2-pentanone C6H12O 213.3
2-Methyl-3-pentanone C6H12O -325.9 -286.0
2-Methyl-1-pentene C6H12 -90.0 -59.4
3-Methyl-1-pentene C6H12 -78.2 -49.5
4-Methyl-1-pentene C6H12 -80.0 -51.3
2-Methyl-2-pentene C6H12 -98.5 -66.9
3-Methyl-cis-2-pentene C6H12 -94.5 -62.3
3-Methyl-trans-2-pentene C6H12 -94.6 -63.1
4-Methyl-cis-2-pentene C6H12 -87.0 -57.5
4-Methyl-trans-2-pentene C6H12 -91.6 -61.5
Methyl pentyl sulfide C6H14S -167.1 -121.8
2-Methylpiperidine, (±)- C6H13N -124.9 -84.4
1-Methyl-2-piperidinone C6H11NO -293.0
2-Methylpropanamide C4H9NO -368.6 -282.6
N-Methylpropanamide C4H9NO 179.0
2-Methyl-1,2- C4H12N2 -133.9 -90.3
propanediamine
2-Methyl-1,2-propanediol C4H10O2 -539.7
2-Methyl­propanenitrile C4H7N -13.8 23.4
Thermochem

2-Methyl-1-propanethiol C4H10S -132.0 -97.3

2-Methyl-2-propanethiol C4H10S -140.5 -109.6
Methyl propanoate C4H8O2 171.2
2-Methylpropanoic acid C4H8O2 173.0
2-Methyl-1-propanol C4H10O -334.7 214.7 181.5 -283.8
2-Methyl-2-propanol C4H10O -359.2 193.3 218.6 -312.5 326.7 113.6
Methyl propyl ether C4H10O -266.0 262.9 165.4 -238.1
Methyl propyl sulfide C4H10S -118.5 272.5 171.6 -82.2
2-Methylpyridine C6H7N 56.7 158.6 99.2
3-Methylpyridine C6H7N 61.9 216.3 158.7 106.4
4-Methylpyridine C6H7N 59.2 209.1 159.0 103.8
1-Methylpyrrole C5H7N 62.4 103.1
2-Methylpyrrole C5H7N 23.3 74.0
3-Methylpyrrole C5H7N 20.5 70.2
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone C5H9NO -262.2 307.8
Methyl salicylate C8H8O3 249.0
Methylsilane CH6Si 256.5 65.9
Methyl tetradecanoate C15H30O2 -743.9 -656.9
4-Methylthiazole C4H5NS 67.9 111.8
Methylthiirane C3H6S 11.3 45.8
2-Methylthiophene C5H6S 44.6 218.5 149.8 83.5
3-Methylthiophene C5H6S 43.1 82.5
Methyl tridecanoate C14H28O2 -717.9 -635.3
Methyl undecanoate C12H24O2 -665.2 -593.8
N-Methylurea C2H6N2O -332.8
Molybdenum Mo 0.0 28.7 24.1 658.1 612.5 182.0 20.8
Molybdenum carbonyl C6MoO6 -982.8 -877.7 325.9 242.3 -912.1 -856.0 490.0 205.0
Molybdenum(VI) fluoride F6Mo -1585.5 -1473.0 259.7 169.8 -1557.7 -1472.2 350.5 120.6
Molybdenum(IV) oxide MoO2 -588.9 -533.0 46.3 56.0
Molybdenum(VI) oxide MoO3 -745.1 -668.0 77.7 75.0
Molybdenum silicide (Mo3Si) Mo3Si -125.2 -125.7 106.3 93.1
Molybdenum(IV) sulfide MoS2 -235.1 -225.9 62.6 63.6
Morpholine C4H9NO 164.8
β-Myrcene C10H16 14.5
Naphthalene C10H8 78.5 201.6 167.4 165.7 150.6 224.1 333.1 131.9
1-Naphthaleneacetic acid C12H10O2 -359.2

HCP_Section_05.indb 28 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-29

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
2-Naphthaleneacetic acid C12H10O2 -371.9
1-Naphthalene­carbo­xylic C11H8O2 -333.5 -223.1
acid
2-Naphthalene­carbo­xylic C11H8O2 -346.1 -232.5
acid
1-Naphthol C10H8O -121.5 166.9 -30.4 149.4
2-Naphthol C10H8O -124.1 179.0 172.8 -29.9 366.6 147.8
1-Naphthylamine C10H9N 67.8 132.8
2-Naphthylamine C10H9N 60.2 134.3
Neodymium Nd 0.0 71.5 27.5 327.6 292.4 189.4 22.1
Neodymium(III) chloride Cl3Nd -1041.0 113.0
Neodymium(III) fluoride F3Nd -1657.0
Neodymium(III) oxide Nd2O3 -1807.9 -1720.8 158.6 111.3
Neon Ne 0.0 146.3 20.8
Neo­pentane C5H12 -190.2 -168.0
Nickel Ni 0.0 29.9 26.1 429.7 384.5 182.2 23.4
Nickel(II) bromide Br2Ni -212.1
Nickel carbonyl [Ni(CO)4] C4NiO4 -633.0 -588.2 313.4 204.6 -602.9 -587.2 410.6 145.2
Nickel(II) chloride Cl2Ni -305.3 -259.0 97.7 71.7
Nickel(II) fluoride F2Ni -651.4 -604.1 73.6 64.1
Nickel(II) hydroxide H2NiO2 -529.7 -447.2 88.0
Nickel(II) iodide I2Ni -78.2
Nickel(III) oxide Ni2O3 -489.5
Nickel(II) sulfate NiO4S -872.9 -759.7 92.0 138.0
Nickel(II) sulfide NiS -82.0 -79.5 53.0 47.1
Niobium Nb 0.0 36.4 24.6 725.9 681.1 186.3 30.2
Niobium(V) chloride Cl5Nb -797.5 -683.2 210.5 148.1 -703.7 -646.0 400.6 120.8
Niobium(V) fluoride F5Nb -1813.8 -1699.0 160.2 134.7 -1739.7 -1673.6 321.9 97.1
Niobium(II) oxide NbO -405.8 -378.6 48.1 41.3
Niobium(IV) oxide NbO2 -796.2 -740.5 54.5 57.5

Thermochem
Niobium(V) oxide Nb2O5 -1899.5 -1766.0 137.2 132.1
Nitramide H2N2O2 -89.5
Nitric acid HNO3 -174.1 -80.7 155.6 109.9 -133.9 -73.5 266.9 54.1
Nitric oxide NO 91.3 87.6 210.8 29.9
Nitrilotriacetic acid C6H9NO6 -1311.9
Nitroacetone C3H5NO3 -278.6
2-Nitroaniline C6H6N2O2 -26.1 166.0 -9.4 63.8
3-Nitroaniline C6H6N2O2 -38.3 158.8 -14.4 58.4
4-Nitroaniline C6H6N2O2 -42.0 167.0 -20.7 58.8
Nitro­benzene C6H5NO2 12.5 185.8 68.5 348.8 120.4
2-Nitro­benzo­ic acid C7H5NO4 -378.8
3-Nitro­benzo­ic acid C7H5NO4 -394.7
4-Nitro­benzo­ic acid C7H5NO4 -392.2
1-Nitrobutane C4H9NO2 -192.5 -143.9 369.9 115.1
3-Nitro-2-butanol C4H9NO3 -390.0
1-Nitrodecane C10H21NO2 -351.5
N-Nitrodiethylamine C4H10N2O2 -106.2 -53.0
Nitroethane C2H5NO2 -143.9 134.4 -103.8 320.5 79.0
2-Nitroethanol C2H5NO3 -350.7
Nitroethene C2H3NO2 33.3 300.5 73.7
2-Nitrofuran C4H3NO3 -104.1 -28.8
5-Nitro-2-furan­carbo­xylic C5H3NO5 -516.8
acid
Nitrogen N2 0.0 191.6 29.1
Nitrogen (atomic) N 472.7 455.5 153.3 20.8
Nitrogen dioxide NO2 33.2 51.3 240.1 37.2
Nitrogen pentoxide N2O5 -43.1 113.9 178.2 143.1 13.3 117.1 355.7 95.3
Nitrogen tetroxide N2O4 -19.5 97.5 209.2 142.7 11.1 99.8 304.4 79.2
Nitrogen trichloride Cl3N 230.0
Nitrogen trifluoride F3N -132.1 -90.6 260.8 53.4
Nitrogen trioxide N2O3 50.3 86.6 142.4 314.7 72.7
Nitroguanidine CH4N4O2 -92.4
Nitro­methane CH3NO2 -112.6 -14.4 171.8 106.6 -80.8 282.9 55.5
(Nitromethyl)benzene C7H7NO2 -22.8 30.7
1-Nitron­aphthalene C10H7NO2 42.6 111.2
1-Nitro­pentane C5H11NO2 -215.4 -164.4 390.9 137.1
2-Nitrophenol C6H5NO3 -202.4

HCP_Section_05.indb 29 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-30 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
N-Nitropiperidine C5H10N2O2 -93.0 -44.5
1-Nitro­propane C3H7NO2 -167.2 -124.3 350.0 104.1
2-Nitro­propane C3H7NO2 -180.3 170.3 -138.9
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine C12H10N2O 227.2
N-Nitrosopiperidine C5H10N2O -31.1 16.6
Nitrosyl bromide BrNO 82.2 82.4 273.7 45.5
Nitrosyl chloride ClNO 51.7 66.1 261.7 44.7
Nitrosyl fluoride FNO -66.5 -51.0 248.1 41.3
2-Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 -9.7
3-Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 -31.5
4-Nitrotoluene C7H7NO2 -48.1 172.3 31.0
Nitrous acid HNO2 -79.5 -46.0 254.1 45.6
Nitrous oxide N2O 81.6 103.7 220.0 38.6
Nitryl chloride ClNO2 12.6 54.4 272.2 53.2
Nitryl fluoride FNO2 260.4 49.8
Nobelium No 0.0
Nonaborane(15) B9H15 158.4 357.5 364.9 187.0
Nonane C9H20 -274.7 284.4 -228.2
Nonanedioic acid C9H16O4 -1054.3
1,9-Nonanediol C9H20O2 -657.6
Nonanoic acid C9H18O2 -659.7 362.4 -577.3
1-Nonanol C9H20O -453.4 -376.5
2-Nonanone C9H18O -397.2 -340.7
5-Nonanone C9H18O -398.2 401.4 303.6 -344.9
1-Nonyne C9H16 16.3 62.3
l-Norleucine C6H13NO2 -639.1
Octadecane C18H38 -567.4 480.2 485.6 -414.6
cis-9-Octadecenoic acid C18H34O2 577.0
1,7-Octadiyne C8H10 334.4
Octanal C8H16O -291.9 365.4
Thermochem

Octanamide C8H17NO -473.2 -362.7

Octane C8H18 -250.1 254.6 -208.5
1,8-Octanediol C8H18O2 -626.6
Octanenitrile C8H15N -107.3 -50.5
Octanoic acid C8H16O2 -636.0 297.9 -554.3
1-Octanol C8H18O -426.5 305.2 -355.6
2-Octanol C8H18O 330.1
2-Octanone C8H16O 273.3
1-Octene C8H16 -124.5 241.0 -81.3
cis-2-Octene C8H16 -135.7 239.0
trans-2-Octene C8H16 -135.7 239.0
1-Octen-3-yne C8H12 140.7
Octyl­dimethyl­amine C10H23N -232.8
Orthosilicic acid H4O4Si -1481.1 -1332.9 192.0
Osmium Os 0.0 32.6 24.7 791.0 745.0 192.6 20.8
Osmium(III) chloride Cl3Os -190.4
Osmium(VI) fluoride F6Os 246.0 358.1 120.8
Osmium(VIII) oxide O4Os -394.1 -304.9 143.9 -337.2 -292.8 293.8 74.1
Oxalic acid C2H2O4 -829.9 109.8 91.0 -731.8 -662.7 320.6 86.2
Oxalyl chloride C2Cl2O2 -367.6 -335.8
Oxalyl dihydrazide C2H6N4O2 -295.2
Oxamic acid C2H3NO3 -661.2 -552.3
Oxamide C2H4N2O2 -504.4 -387.1
Oxazole C3H3NO -48.0 -15.5
Oxetane C3H6O -110.8 -80.5
2-Oxetanone C3H4O2 -329.9 175.3 122.1 -282.9
Oxirane C2H4O -78.0 -11.8 153.9 88.0 -52.6 -13.0 242.5 47.9
Oxomethyl (HCO) CHO 43.1 28.0 224.7 34.6
Oxygen O2 0.0 205.2 29.4
Oxygen (atomic) O 249.2 231.7 161.1 21.9
Oxymethurea C3H8N2O3 -717.0
Ozone O3 142.7 163.2 238.9 39.2
Palladium Pd 0.0 37.6 26.0 378.2 339.7 167.1 20.8
Palladium(II) oxide OPd -85.4 31.4 348.9 325.9 218.0
Palladium(II) sulfide PdS -75.0 -67.0 46.0
Paraformaldehyde (CH2O)x -177.6

HCP_Section_05.indb 30 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-31

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Paraldehyde C6H12O3 -673.1 -631.7
Penta­borane(9) B5H9 42.7 171.8 184.2 151.1 73.2 173.6 280.6 99.6
Penta­borane(11) B5H11 73.2 103.3 230.6 321.0 130.3
Penta­­chloro­ethane C2HCl5 -187.6 173.8 -142.0
Penta­­chloro­phenol C6HCl5O -292.5 253.2 202.0
Penta­decanoic acid C15H30O2 -861.7 443.3 -811.7 -699.0
1-Penta­decanol C15H32O -658.2
1,2-Penta­diene C5H8 140.7
cis-1,3-Penta­diene C5H8 81.4
trans-1,3-Penta­diene C5H8 76.1
1,4-Penta­diene C5H8 105.7
2,3-Penta­diene C5H8 133.1
Penta­erythritol C5H12O4 -920.6 -776.7
Penta­erythritol tetranitrate C5H8N4O12 -538.6 -387.0 614.7 294.8
Penta­­fluoro­­benzene C6HF5 -852.7 -841.8 -806.5
Penta­­fluoro­ethane C2HF5 -1100.4
Penta­­fluoro­phenol C6HF5O -1024.1 -1007.7
2,3,4,5,6-Penta­­fluoro­toluene C7H3F5 -883.8 306.4 225.8 -842.7
Penta­­methyl­­benzene C11H16 -144.6 -67.2
Penta­nal C5H10O -267.2 -228.4
Penta­namide C5H11NO -379.5 -290.2
Penta­ne C5H12 -173.5 167.2 -146.9
Penta­nedioic acid C5H8O4 -960.0
1,5-Penta­nediol C5H12O2 -528.8 -450.8
2,4-Penta­nedione C5H8O2 -423.8 -382.0
Penta­nenitrile C5H9N -33.1 10.5
1-Penta­nethiol C5H12S -151.3 -110.0
Penta­noic acid C5H10O2 -559.4 259.8 210.3 -491.9
1-Penta­nol C5H12O -351.6 208.1 -294.6
2-Penta­nol C5H12O -365.2 -311.0

Thermochem
3-Penta­nol C5H12O -368.9 239.7 -314.9
2-Penta­none C5H10O -297.3 184.1 -258.8
3-Penta­none C5H10O -296.5 266.0 190.9 -257.9
1-Pentene C5H10 -46.9 262.6 154.0 -21.1
cis-2-Pentene C5H10 -53.7 258.6 151.7 -27.6
trans-2-Pentene C5H10 -58.2 256.5 157.0 -31.9
trans-3-Pentenenitrile C5H7N 80.9 125.7
4-Pentenoic acid C5H8O2 -430.6
cis-3-Penten-1-yne C5H6 226.5
trans-3-Penten-1-yne C5H6 228.2
Pentetic acid C14H23N3O10 -2225.2
Pentyl acetate C7H14O2 261.0
Pentylamine C5H13N 218.0
Perchloric acid ClHO4 -40.6
Perchloryl fluoride ClFO3 -23.8 48.2 279.0 64.9
Per­fluoro­butane C4F10 127.2
Per­fluoro­­cyclo­butane C4F8 -1542.6
Per­fluoro­­cyclo­hexane C6F12 -2406.3 -2370.4
Per­fluoro­­cyclo­hexene C6F10 -1963.5 -1932.7
Per­fluoro­heptane C7F16 -3420.0 561.8 419.0 -3383.6
Per­fluoro­methyl­­cyclo­hexane C7F14 -2931.1 353.1 -2897.2
Per­fluoro­propane C3F8 -1783.2
Per­fluoro­toluene C7F8 -1311.1 355.5 262.3
Peroxyacetic acid C2H4O3 82.4
Perrhenic acid HO4Re -762.3 -656.4 158.2
Perylene C20H12 182.8 264.6 274.9
Phenanthrene C14H10 116.2 215.1 220.6 207.5
9,10-Phenanthrenedione C14H8O2 -154.7 -46.6
Phenanthridine C13H9N 141.9 240.5
Phenazine C12H8N2 237.0 328.8
Phenol C6H6O -165.1 144.0 127.4 -96.4
l-Phenylalanine C9H11NO2 -466.9 213.6 203.0 -312.9
Phenylhydrazine C6H8N2 141.0 217.0 202.9
Phenylurea C7H8N2O -218.6
Phenyl vinyl ether C8H8O -26.2 22.7
Phosphine H3P 5.4 13.5 210.2 37.1

HCP_Section_05.indb 31 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-32 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Phosphinic acid H3O2P -604.6 -595.4
Phosphonic acid H3O3P -964.4
Phosphonium chloride ClH4P -145.2
Phosphoric acid H3O4P -1284.4 -1124.3 110.5 106.1 -1271.7 -1123.6 150.8 145.0
Phosphorus (white) P 0.0 41.1 23.8 316.5 280.1 163.2 20.8
Phosphorus (red) P -17.6 22.8 21.2
Phosphorus (black) P -39.3
Phosphorus(III) bromide Br3P -184.5 -175.7 240.2 -139.3 -162.8 348.1 76.0
Phosphorus(V) bromide Br5P -269.9
Phosphorus(III) chloride Cl3P -319.7 -272.3 217.1 -287.0 -267.8 311.8 71.8
Phosphorus(V) chloride Cl5P -443.5 -374.9 -305.0 364.6 112.8
Phosphorus dioxide O2P -279.9 -281.6 252.1 39.5
Phosphorus(III) fluoride F3P -958.4 -936.9 273.1 58.7
Phosphorus(V) fluoride F5P -1594.4 -1520.7 300.8 84.8
Phosphorus(III) iodide I3P -45.6 374.4 78.4
Phosphorus monoxide OP -28.5 -51.9 222.8 31.8
Phosphorus nitride NP -63.0 171.5 149.4 211.1 29.7
Phosphoryl bromide Br3OP -458.6 359.8 89.9
Phosphoryl chloride Cl3OP -597.1 -520.8 222.5 138.8 -558.5 -512.9 325.5 84.9
Phosphoryl fluoride F3OP -1254.3 -1205.8 285.4 68.8
Phthalic acid C8H6O4 -782.0 207.9 188.1
Phthalic anhydride C8H4O3 -460.1 180.0 160.0 -371.4
α-Pinene C10H16 -16.4 28.3
β-Pinene C10H16 -7.7 38.7
Piperazine C4H10N2 -45.6
2,5-Piperazinedione C4H6N2O2 -446.5
Piperidine C5H11N -86.4 210.0 179.9 -47.1
2-Piperidinone C5H9NO -306.6
Platinum Pt 0.0 41.6 25.9 565.3 520.5 192.4 25.5
Platinum(II) bromide Br2Pt -82.0
Thermochem

Platinum(III) bromide Br3Pt -120.9

Platinum(IV) bromide Br4Pt -156.5
Platinum(II) chloride Cl2Pt -123.4
Platinum(III) chloride Cl3Pt -182.0
Platinum(IV) chloride Cl4Pt -231.8
Platinum(VI) fluoride F6Pt 235.6 348.3 122.8
Platinum(IV) iodide I4Pt -72.8
Platinum(II) sulfide PtS -81.6 -76.1 55.1 43.4
Platinum(IV) sulfide PtS2 -108.8 -99.6 74.7 65.9
Plutonium Pu 0.0
Polonium Po 0.0
Potassium K 0.0 64.7 29.6 89.0 60.5 160.3 20.8
Potassium acetate C2H3KO2 -723.0
Potassium aluminum AlH4K -183.7
hydride
Potassium amide H2KN -128.9
Potassium borohydride BH4K -227.4 -160.3 106.3 96.1
Potassium bromate BrKO3 -360.2 -271.2 149.2 105.2
Potassium bromide BrK -393.8 -380.7 95.9 52.3
Potassium carbonate CK2O3 -1151.0 -1063.5 155.5 114.4
Potassium chlorate ClKO3 -397.7 -296.3 143.1 100.3
Potassium chloride ClK -436.5 -408.5 82.6 51.3 -214.6 -233.3 239.1 36.5
Potassium cyanide CKN -113.0 -101.9 128.5 66.3
Potassium di­hydro­gen H2KO4P -1568.3 -1415.9 134.9 116.6
phosphate
Potassium fluoride FK -567.3 -537.8 66.6 49.0
Potassium formate CHKO2 -679.7
Potassium hexa­fluoro­silicate F6K2Si -2956.0 -2798.6 226.0
Potassium hydride HK -57.7
Potassium hydrogen CHKO3 -963.2 -863.5 115.5
carbonate
Potassium hydrogen fluoride F2HK -927.7 -859.7 104.3 76.9
Potassium hydrogen sulfate HKO4S -1160.6 -1031.3 138.1
Potassium hydroxide HKO -424.6 -379.4 81.2 68.9 -232.0 -229.7 238.3 49.2
Potassium iodate IKO3 -501.4 -418.4 151.5 106.5
Potassium iodide IK -327.9 -324.9 106.3 52.9

HCP_Section_05.indb 32 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-33

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Potassium metaborate BKO2 -981.6 -923.4 80.0 66.7
Potassium nitrate KNO3 -494.6 -394.9 133.1 96.4
Potassium nitrite KNO2 -369.8 -306.6 152.1 107.4
Potassium oxalate C2K2O4 -1346.0
Potassium oxide K2O -361.5
Potassium perbromate BrKO4 -287.9 -174.4 170.1 120.2
Potassium perchlorate ClKO4 -432.8 -303.1 151.0 112.4
Potassium periodate IKO4 -467.2 -361.4 175.7
Potassium permanganate KMnO4 -837.2 -737.6 171.7 117.6
Potassium peroxide K2O2 -494.1 -425.1 102.1
Potassium phosphate K3O4P -1950.2
Potassium sodium KNa 6.3
Potassium sulfate K2O4S -1437.8 -1321.4 175.6 131.5
Potassium sulfide K2S -380.7 -364.0 105.0
Potassium superoxide KO2 -284.9 -239.4 116.7 77.5
Potassium thiocyanate CKNS -200.2 -178.3 124.3 88.5
Praseodymium Pr 0.0 73.2 27.2 355.6 320.9 189.8 21.4
Praseodymium(III) chloride Cl3Pr -1056.9 100.0
Praseodymium(III) oxide O3Pr2 -1809.6 117.4
l-Proline C5H9NO2 -515.2 -366.2
Promethium Pm 0.0 187.1 24.3
Propanal C3H6O -215.6 -185.6 304.5 80.7
Propanamide C3H7NO -338.2 -259.0
Propane C3H8 -120.9 -103.8 -23.4 270.3 73.6
Propanediamide C3H6N2O2 -546.1
1,2-Propanediamine, (±)- C3H10N2 -97.8 -53.6
1,2-Propanediol C3H8O2 -501.0 190.8 -429.8
1,3-Propanediol C3H8O2 -480.8 -408.0
1,2-Propanedione C3H4O2 -309.1 -271.0
1,3-Propanedithiol C3H8S2 -79.4 -29.8

Thermochem
Propanenitrile C3H5N 15.5 119.3 51.7
1-Propanethiol C3H8S -99.9 242.5 144.6 -67.8
2-Propanethiol C3H8S -105.9 233.5 145.3 -76.2
Propanoic acid C3H6O2 -510.7 191.0 152.8 -455.7
Propanoic anhydride C6H10O3 -679.1 -626.5
1-Propanol C3H8O -302.6 193.6 143.9 -255.1 322.6 85.6
2-Propanol C3H8O -318.1 181.1 156.5 -272.6 309.2 89.3
Propene C3H6 4.0 20.0
trans-1-Propene-1,2-di­ C5H6O4 -824.4
carbo­xylic acid
cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tri­ C6H6O6 -1224.4
carbo­xylic acid
trans-1-Propene-1,2,3-tri­ C6H6O6 -1232.7
carbo­xylic acid
Propyl acetate C5H10O2 196.2
Propylamine C3H9N -101.5 164.1 -70.1 39.9 325.4 91.2
Propylamine hydrochloride C3H10ClN -354.7
Propyl­benzene C9H12 -38.3 287.8 214.7 7.9
Propyl carbamate C4H9NO2 -552.6 -471.4
Propyl chloroacetate C5H9ClO2 -515.5 -467.0
Propyl 2-chlorobutanoate C7H13ClO2 -630.7 -578.4
Propyl chloro­carbo­nate C4H7ClO2 -533.4 -492.7
Propyl 3-chloropropanoate C6H11ClO2 -537.6 -485.7
Propyl­cyclo­hexane C9H18 -237.4 311.9 242.0 -192.3
Propyl­cyclo­pentane C8H16 -188.8 310.8 216.3 -147.7
Propylene carbonate C4H6O3 -613.2 218.6 -582.5
Propyl formate C4H8O2 -500.3 -462.7
Propyl nitrate C3H7NO3 -214.5 -174.1 362.6 123.2
Propyl pentanoate C8H16O2 -583.0 -533.6
2-Propyn-1-amine C3H5N 205.7
Propyne C3H4 184.9
2-Propynoic acid C3H2O2 -193.2
Protactinium Pa 0.0 51.9 607.0 563.0 198.1 22.9
Protactinium(IV) bromide Br4Pa -824.0 -787.8 234.0
Protactinium(IV) chloride Cl4Pa -1043.0 -953.0 192.0
Protactinium(V) chloride Cl5Pa -1145.0 -1034.0 238.0
1H-Purine C5H4N4 169.4

HCP_Section_05.indb 33 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-34 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Pyrazine C4H4N2 139.8 196.1
1H-Pyrazole C3H4N2 105.4 81.0 179.4
Pyrene C16H10 125.5 224.9 229.7 225.7
Pyridazine C4H4N2 224.9 278.3
Pyridine C5H5N 100.2 132.7 140.4
3-Pyridine­carbo­xylic acid C6H5NO2 -344.9 -221.5
Pyrimidine C4H4N2 145.9 195.7
Pyrocatechol C6H6O2 -354.1 -267.5
Pyrrole C4H5N 63.1 156.4 127.7 108.2
1H-Pyrrole-2- C5H5NO -106.4
carboxaldehyde
Pyrrolidine C4H9N -41.1 204.1 156.6 -3.6
2-Pyrrolidone C4H7NO -286.2
Quinoline C9H7N 141.2 200.5
2-Quinoline­carbo­nitrile C10H6N2 246.5
3-Quinoline­carbo­nitrile C10H6N2 242.3
2-Quinolinol C9H7NO -144.9 -25.5
8-Quinolinol C9H7NO 82.1
Radium Ra 0.0 71.0 159.0 130.0 176.5 20.8
Radium nitrate N2O6Ra -992.0 -796.1 222.0
Radium oxide ORa -523.0
Radium sulfate O4RaS -1471.1 -1365.6 138.0
Radon Rn 0.0 176.2 20.8
Resorcinol C6H6O2 -368.0 -274.7
Rhenium Re 0.0 36.9 25.5 769.9 724.6 188.9 20.8
Rhenium(III) bromide Br3Re -167.0
Rhenium(III) chloride Cl3Re -264.0 -188.0 123.8 92.4
Rhenium(VII) oxide O7Re2 -1240.1 -1066.0 207.1 166.1 -1100.0 -994.0 452.0
Rhodium Rh 0.0 31.5 25.0 556.9 510.8 185.8 21.0
Rhodium(III) chloride Cl3Rh -299.2
Thermochem

Rhodium monoxide ORh 385.0

Rhodium(III) oxide O3Rh2 -343.0 103.8
d-Ribose C5H10O5 -1047.2
Rubidium Rb 0.0 76.8 31.1 80.9 53.1 170.1 20.8
Rubidium amide H2NRb -113.0
Rubidium bromide BrRb -394.6 -381.8 110.0 52.8
Rubidium carbonate CO3Rb2 -1136.0 -1051.0 181.3 117.6
Rubidium chloride ClRb -435.4 -407.8 95.9 52.4
Rubidium fluoride FRb -557.7
Rubidium hydride HRb -52.3
Rubidium hydrogen fluoride F2HRb -922.6 -855.6 120.1 79.4
Rubidium hydrogen sulfate HO4RbS -1159.0
Rubidium hydroxide HORb -418.8 -373.9 94.0 69.0 -238.0 -239.1 248.5 49.5
Rubidium iodide IRb -333.8 -328.9 118.4 53.2
Rubidium metaborate BO2Rb -971.0 -913.0 94.3 74.1
Rubidium nitrate NO3Rb -495.1 -395.8 147.3 102.1
Rubidium nitrite NO2Rb -367.4 -306.2 172.0
Rubidium oxide ORb2 -339.0
Rubidium perchlorate ClO4Rb -437.2 -306.9 161.1
Rubidium peroxide O2Rb2 -472.0
Rubidium sulfate O4Rb2S -1435.6 -1316.9 197.4 134.1
Rubidium superoxide O2Rb -278.7
Ruthenium Ru 0.0 28.5 24.1 642.7 595.8 186.5 21.5
Ruthenium(III) bromide Br3Ru -138.0
Ruthenium(III) chloride Cl3Ru -205.0
Ruthenium(III) iodide I3Ru -65.7
Ruthenium(IV) oxide O2Ru -305.0
Ruthenium(VIII) oxide O4Ru -239.3 -152.2 146.4
Salicylaldehyde C7H6O2 222.0
Salicylaldoxime C7H7NO2 -183.7
Samarium Sm 0.0 69.6 29.5 206.7 172.8 183.0 30.4
Samarium(III) chloride Cl3Sm -1025.9
Samarium(III) fluoride F3Sm -1778.0
Samarium(III) oxide O3Sm2 -1823.0 -1734.6 151.0 114.5
Sarcosine C3H7NO2 -513.3 -367.3
Scandium Sc 0.0 34.6 25.5 377.8 336.0 174.8 22.1

HCP_Section_05.indb 34 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-35

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Scandium bromide Br3Sc -743.1
Scandium chloride Cl3Sc -925.1
Scandium fluoride F3Sc -1629.2 -1555.6 92.0 -1247.0 -1234.0 300.5 67.8
Scandium oxide O3Sc2 -1908.8 -1819.4 77.0 94.2
Selenic acid H2O4Se -530.1
Selenium (gray) Se 0.0 42.4 25.4 227.1 187.0 176.7 20.8
Selenium (α form) Se 6.7 227.1
Selenium (vitreous) Se 5.0 227.1
Selenium dibromide Br2Se -21.0
Selenium dioxide O2Se -225.4
Selenium hexafluoride F6Se -1117.0 -1017.0 313.9 110.5
Selenium monoxide OSe 53.4 26.8 234.0 31.3
dl-Serine C3H7NO3 -739.0
l-Serine C3H7NO3 -732.7
Silane H4Si 34.3 56.9 204.6 42.8
Silicon Si 0.0 18.8 20.0 450.0 405.5 168.0 22.3
Silicon carbide (hexagonal) CSi -62.8 -60.2 16.5 26.7
Silicon carbide (cubic) CSi -65.3 -62.8 16.6 26.9
Silicon dioxide (α-quartz) O2Si -910.7 -856.3 41.5 44.4 -322.0
Silicon monosulfide SSi 112.5 60.9 223.7 32.3
Silicon monoxide OSi -99.6 -126.4 211.6 29.9
Silicon nitride [Si3N4] N4Si3 -743.5 -642.6 101.3
Silver Ag 0.0 42.6 25.4 284.9 246.0 173.0 20.8
Silver(I) bromate AgBrO3 -10.5 71.3 151.9
Silver(I) bromide AgBr -100.4 -96.9 107.1 52.4
Silver(I) carbonate CAg2O3 -505.8 -436.8 167.4 112.3
Silver(I) chlorate AgClO3 -30.3 64.5 142.0
Silver(I) chloride AgCl -127.0 -109.8 96.3 50.8
Silver(I) chromate Ag2CrO4 -731.7 -641.8 217.6 142.3
Silver(I) cyanide CAgN 146.0 156.9 107.2 66.7

Thermochem
Silver(I) fluoride AgF -204.6
Silver(II) fluoride AgF2 -360.0
Silver(I) iodate AgIO3 -171.1 -93.7 149.4 102.9
Silver(I) iodide AgI -61.8 -66.2 115.5 56.8
Silver(I) nitrate AgNO3 -124.4 -33.4 140.9 93.1
Silver(I) oxide Ag2O -31.1 -11.2 121.3 65.9
Silver[II] oxide [Ag2O2] Ag2O2 -24.3 27.6 117.0 88.0
Silver(III) oxide Ag2O3 33.9 121.4 100.0
Silver(I) perchlorate AgClO4 -31.1
Silver(I) sulfate Ag2O4S -715.9 -618.4 200.4 131.4
Silver(I) sulfide Ag2S -32.6 -40.7 144.0 76.5
Silylidyne HSi 361.0
Sodium Na 0.0 51.3 28.2 107.5 77.0 153.7 20.8
Sodium acetate C2H3NaO2 -708.8 -607.2 123.0 79.9
Sodium aluminum hydride AlH4Na -115.5
Sodium amide H2NNa -123.8 -64.0 76.9 66.2
Sodium azide N3Na 21.7 93.8 96.9 76.6
Sodium borohydride BH4Na -188.6 -123.9 101.3 86.8
Sodium bromate BrNaO3 -334.1 -242.6 128.9
Sodium bromide BrNa -361.1 -349.0 86.8 51.4 -143.1 -177.1 241.2 36.3
Sodium carbonate CNa2O3 -1130.7 -1044.4 135.0 112.3
Sodium chlorate ClNaO3 -365.8 -262.3 123.4
Sodium chloride ClNa -411.2 -384.1 72.1 50.5
Sodium chlorite ClNaO2 -307.0
Sodium cyanate CNNaO -405.4 -358.1 96.7 86.6
Sodium cyanide CNNa -87.5 -76.4 115.6 70.4
Sodium fluoride FNa -576.6 -546.3 51.1 46.9
Sodium formate CHNaO2 -666.5 -599.9 103.8 82.7
Sodium hexa­fluoro­silicate F6Na2Si -2909.6 -2754.2 207.1 187.1
Sodium hydride HNa -56.3 -33.5 40.0 36.4
Sodium hydrogen carbonate CHNaO3 -950.8 -851.0 101.7 87.6
Sodium hydrogen fluoride F2HNa -920.3 -852.2 90.9 75.0
Sodium hydrogen phosphate HNa2O4P -1748.1 -1608.2 150.5 135.3
Sodium hydrogen sulfate HNaO4S -1125.5 -992.8 113.0
Sodium hydroxide HNaO -425.8 -379.7 64.4 59.5 -191.0 -193.9 229.0 48.0
Sodium iodate INaO3 -481.8 92.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 35 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-36 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Sodium iodide INa -287.8 -286.1 98.5 52.1
Sodium metaborate BNaO2 -977.0 -920.7 73.5 65.9
Sodium metasilicate Na2O3Si -1554.9 -1462.8 113.9
Sodium molybdate MoNa2O4 -1468.1 -1354.3 159.7 141.7
Sodium nitrate NNaO3 -467.9 -367.0 116.5 92.9
Sodium nitrite NNaO2 -358.7 -284.6 103.8
Sodium oxalate C2Na2O4 -1318.0
Sodium oxide Na2O -414.2 -375.5 75.1 69.1
Sodium perchlorate ClNaO4 -383.3 -254.9 142.3
Sodium periodate INaO4 -429.3 -323.0 163.0
Sodium permanganate MnNaO4 -1156.0
Sodium peroxide Na2O2 -510.9 -447.7 95.0 89.2
Sodium sulfate Na2O4S -1387.1 -1270.2 149.6 128.2
Sodium sulfide Na2S -364.8 -349.8 83.7
Sodium sulfite Na2O3S -1100.8 -1012.5 145.9 120.3
Sodium superoxide NaO2 -260.2 -218.4 115.9 72.1
Sodium tetraborate B4Na2O7 -3291.1 -3096.0 189.5 186.8
Sodium tetra­fluoro­aluminate AlF4Na -1869.0 -1827.5 345.7 105.9
Sodium tetra­fluoro­borate BF4Na -1844.7 -1750.1 145.3 120.3
l-Sorbose C6H12O6 -1271.5
Spiro[2.2]pentane C5H8 157.5 193.7 134.5 185.2
Spiro[5.5]undecane C11H20 -244.5 -188.3
S-Propyl thioacetate C5H10OS -294.5 -250.4
Stannane H4Sn 162.8 188.3 227.7 49.0
Octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 -947.7 501.5 -884.7 -781.2
Stibine H3Sb 145.1 147.8 232.8 41.1
cis-Stilbene C14H12 183.3 252.3
trans-Stilbene C14H12 136.9 236.1
Strontium Sr 0.0 55.0 26.8 164.4 130.9 164.6 20.8
Strontium bromide Br2Sr -717.6 -697.1 135.1 75.3
Thermochem

Strontium carbonate CO3Sr -1220.1 -1140.1 97.1 81.4

Strontium chloride Cl2Sr -828.9 -781.1 114.9 75.6
Strontium fluoride F2Sr -1216.3 -1164.8 82.1 70.0
Strontium formate C2H2O4Sr -1393.3
Strontium hydride H2Sr -180.3
Strontium hydroxide H2O2Sr -959.0
Strontium iodide I2Sr -558.1 81.6
Strontium metasilicate O3SiSr -1633.9 -1549.7 96.7 88.5
Strontium nitrate N2O6Sr -978.2 -780.0 194.6 149.9
Strontium nitrite N2O4Sr -762.3
Strontium orthosilicate O4SiSr2 -2304.5 -2191.1 153.1 134.3
Strontium oxide OSr -592.0 -561.9 54.4 45.0 1.5
Strontium selenide SeSr -385.8
Strontium sulfate O4SSr -1453.1 -1340.9 117.0
Strontium sulfide SSr -472.4 -467.8 68.2 48.7
Styrene C8H8 103.8 182.0 147.9
Succinamide C4H8N2O2 -581.2
Succinic acid C4H6O4 -940.5 167.3 153.1 -823.0
Succinic anhydride C4H4O3 -608.6 -527.9
Succinimide C4H5NO2 -459.0 -375.4
Succinonitrile C4H4N2 139.7 191.6 145.6 209.7
Sucrose C12H22O11 -2226.1
Sulfolane C4H8O2S 180.0
Sulfur (rhombic) S 0.0 32.1 22.6 277.2 236.7 167.8 23.7
Sulfur (monoclinic) S 0.3
Sulfur bromide [SSBr2] Br2S2 -13.0
Sulfur chloride [SSCl2] Cl2S2 -59.4
Sulfur chloride pentafluoride ClF5S -1065.7
Sulfur dichloride Cl2S -50.0
Sulfur dioxide O2S -320.5 -296.8 -300.1 248.2 39.9
Sulfur hexafluoride F6S -1220.5 -1116.5 291.5 97.0
Sulfuric acid H2O4S -814.0 -690.0 156.9 138.9
Sulfur monoxide OS 6.3 -19.9 222.0 30.2
Sulfur tetrafluoride F4S -763.2 -722.0 299.6 77.6
Sulfur trioxide (α-form) O3S -454.5 -374.2 70.7 -441.0 -373.8 113.8 -395.7 -371.1 256.8 50.7
Sulfuryl chloride Cl2O2S -394.1 134.0 -364.0 -320.0 311.9 77.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 36 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-37

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Sulfuryl fluoride F2O2S 284.0 66.0
Tantalum Ta 0.0 41.5 25.4 782.0 739.3 185.2 20.9
Tantalum(V) bromide Br5Ta -598.3
Tantalum(V) chloride Cl5Ta -859.0
Tantalum(V) fluoride F5Ta -1903.6
Tantalum hydride (Ta2H) HTa2 -32.6 -69.0 79.1 90.8
Tantalum(V) oxide O5Ta2 -2046.0 -1911.2 143.1 135.1
Technetium Tc 0.0 678.0 181.1 20.8
Tellurium Te 0.0 49.7 25.7 196.7 157.1 182.7 20.8
Tellurium dioxide O2Te -322.6 -270.3 79.5
Tellurium hexafluoride F6Te -1318.0
Tellurium tetrabromide Br4Te -190.4
Tellurium tetrachloride Cl4Te -326.4 138.5
Terbium Tb 0.0 73.2 28.9 388.7 349.7 203.6 24.6
Terbium(III) chloride Cl3Tb -997.0
Terbium(III) oxide O3Tb2 -1865.2 115.9
Terephthalic acid C8H6O4 -816.1 -717.9
o-Terphenyl C18H14 298.8 274.8 337.1 369.1
p-Terphenyl C18H14 163.0 285.6 278.7 279.0
α-Terpinene C10H16 -20.6
Tetraborane(10) B4H10 66.1 184.3 280.3 93.2
1,1,2,2-Tetra­propane­ethane C2H2Br4 165.7
Tetra­propane­ethene C2Br4 387.1 102.7
Tetra­propane­methane CBr4 29.4 47.7 212.5 144.3 83.9 67.0 358.1 91.2
Tetra­propane­silane Br4Si -457.3 -443.9 277.8 -415.5 -431.8 377.9 97.1
Tetrabutylammonium iodide C16H36IN -498.6
Tetra­chloro­diborane B2Cl4 -523.0 -464.8 262.3 137.7 -490.4 -460.6 357.4 95.4
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-di­ C2Cl4F2 -489.9 -407.0 382.9 123.4
fluoro­ethane
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-di­ C2Cl4F2 173.6

Thermochem
fluoro­ethane
1,1,1,2-Tetra­chloro­ethane C2H2Cl4 356.0 102.7
1,1,2,2-Tetra­chloro­ethane C2H2Cl4 -195.0 246.9 162.3 -149.2 362.8 100.8
Tetra­chloro­ethene C2Cl4 -50.6 3.0 266.9 143.4 -10.9
Tetra­chloro­methane CCl4 -128.2 130.7 -95.7 83.3
1,1,1,3-Tetra­chloro­propane C3H4Cl4 -208.7
1,2,2,3-Tetra­chloro­propane C3H4Cl4 -251.8
Tetra­chloro­silane Cl4Si -687.0 -619.8 239.7 145.3 -657.0 -617.0 330.7 90.3
Tetracyanoethene C6N4 623.8 705.0
Tetradecanenitrile C14H27N -260.2 -174.9
Tetradecanoic acid C14H28O2 -833.5 432.0 -788.8 -693.7
1-Tetradecanol C14H30O -629.6 388.0 -580.6
Tetraethylammonium C8H20BrN -342.7
bromide
Tetraethylene glycol C8H18O5 -981.7 428.8 -883.0
Tetraethyl lead C8H20Pb 52.7 464.6 307.4 109.6
Tetraethylsilane C8H20Si 298.1
Tetraethylurea C9H20N2O -380.0 -316.4
1,2,4,5-Tetra­fluoro­­benzene C6H2F4 -683.8
Tetra­fluoro­diborane B2F4 -1440.1 -1410.4 317.3 79.1
Tetra­fluoro­ethene C2F4 -820.5 -658.9 300.1 80.5
Tetra­fluoro­hydrazine F4N2 -8.4 79.9 301.2 79.2
Tetra­fluoro­methane CF4 -933.6 261.6 61.1
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1- C3H4F4O -1114.9 -1061.3
propanol
Tetra­fluoro­silane F4Si -1615.0 -1572.8 282.8 73.6
Tetra­hydro­furan C4H8O -216.2 204.3 124.0 -184.1 302.4 76.3
Tetra­hydro­furfuryl alcohol C5H10O2 -435.7 -369.1
1,2,3,4-Tetra­hydro­n­ C10H12 -29.2 217.5 26.0
aphthalene
Tetra­hydro­pyran C5H10O -258.3 -223.4
Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one C5H8O2 -436.7 -379.6
1,2,5,6-Tetra­hydro­pyridine C5H9N 33.5
Tetra­hydro­thiophene C4H8S -72.9 -34.1 45.8 309.6 92.5
Tetraiodoethene C2I4 305.0
Tetraiodo­methane CI4 -392.9 474.0 391.9 95.9
Tetraiodosilane I4Si -189.5

HCP_Section_05.indb 37 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-38 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
1-Tetralone C10H10O -209.6
Tetra­methyl­ammonium C4H12BrN -251.0
bromide
Tetra­methyl­ammonium C4H12ClN -276.4
chloride
Tetra­methyl­ammonium C4H12IN -203.9
iodide
1,2,4,5-Tetra­methyl­­benzene C10H14 -119.9 245.6 215.1
2,2,3,3-Tetra­methyl­butane C8H18 -269.0 273.7 239.2 -226.0
2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3- C8H12O2 -379.9 -307.6
cyclobutanedione
1,1,2,2-Tetra­methyl­­cyclo­ C7H14 -119.8
propane
Tetramethyl lead C4H12Pb 97.9 135.9
N,N,N',N'-Tetra­methyl­­ C5H14N2 -51.1 -18.2
methanediamine
2,2,3,3-Tetra­methyl­pentane C9H20 -278.3 271.5 -237.1
2,2,3,4-Tetra­methyl­pentane C9H20 -277.7 -236.9
2,2,4,4-Tetra­methyl­pentane C9H20 -280.0 266.3 -241.6
2,3,3,4-Tetra­methyl­pentane C9H20 -277.9 -236.1
2,2,6,6-Tetra­methyl­ C9H19N -206.9 -159.9
piperidine
2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4- C9H17NO -334.2 -273.4
piperidinone
Tetra­methyl­silane C4H12Si -264.0 -100.0 277.3 204.1 -239.1 -99.9 359.0 143.9
Tetra­methyl­stannane C4H12Sn -52.3 -18.8
Tetra­methyl­thiourea C5H12N2S -38.1 44.9
Tetra­methyl­urea C5H12N2O -262.2
Tetranitro­methane CN4O8 38.4 82.4 503.7 176.1
Tetraphosphorus P4 58.9 24.4 280.0 67.2
Thallium Tl 0.0 64.2 26.3 182.2 147.4 181.0 20.8
Thermochem

Thallium(I) bromide BrTl -173.2 -167.4 120.5 -37.7

Thallium(I) carbonate CO3Tl2 -700.0 -614.6 155.2
Thallium(I) chloride ClTl -204.1 -184.9 111.3 50.9 -67.8
Thallium(III) chloride Cl3Tl -315.1
Thallium(I) fluoride FTl -324.7 -182.4
Thallium(I) hydroxide HOTl -238.9 -195.8 88.0
Thallium(I) iodide ITl -123.8 -125.4 127.6 7.1
Thallium(I) nitrate NO3Tl -243.9 -152.4 160.7 99.5
Thallium(I) oxide OTl2 -178.7 -147.3 126.0
Thallium(I) selenide SeTl2 -59.0 -59.0 172.0
Thallium(I) sulfate O4STl2 -931.8 -830.4 230.5
Thallium(I) sulfide STl2 -97.1 -93.7 151.0
Thia­cyclo­hexane C5H10S -106.3 218.2 163.3 -63.5 53.1 323.0 109.7
Thianthrene C12H8S2 182.0 286.0
Thiepane C6H12S -65.8 79.4 363.5 131.3
Thietane C3H6S 24.7 184.9 60.6 107.1 285.0 68.3
Thiirane C2H4S 51.6 82.0 96.8 255.2 53.3
Thiirene C2H2S 300.0 275.8 255.3 54.7
Thioacetamide C2H5NS -71.7 11.4
Thioacetic acid C2H4OS -216.9 -175.1
Thiolactic acid C3H6O2S -468.4
Thionitrosyl fluoride (NSF) FNS 259.8 44.1
Thionyl chloride Cl2OS -245.6 121.0 -212.5 -198.3 309.8 66.5
Thionyl fluoride F2OS 278.7 56.8
Thiophene C4H4S 80.2 181.2 123.8 114.9 126.1 278.8 72.8
Thiourea CH4N2S -89.1 22.9
Thiram C6H12N2S4 40.2 301.7
Thorium Th 0.0 51.8 27.3 602.0 560.7 190.2 20.8
Thorium(IV) chloride Cl4Th -1186.2 -1094.1 190.4 120.3 -964.4 -932.0 390.7 107.5
Thorium(III) fluoride F3Th -1166.1 -1160.6 339.2 73.3
Thorium(IV) fluoride F4Th -2097.8 -2003.4 142.0 110.7 -1759.0 -1724.0 341.7 93.0
Thorium hydride H2Th -139.7 -100.0 50.7 36.7
Thorium(IV) oxide O2Th -1226.4 -1169.2 65.2 61.8
dl-Threonine C4H9NO3 -758.8
l-Threonine C4H9NO3 -807.2
Thulium Tm 0.0 74.0 27.0 232.2 197.5 190.1 20.8

HCP_Section_05.indb 38 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-39

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Thulium(III) chloride Cl3Tm -986.6
Thulium(III) oxide O3Tm2 -1888.7 -1794.5 139.7 116.7
Thymine C5H6N2O2 -462.8 150.8 -328.7
Thymol C10H14O -309.7 -218.5
Tin(II) bromide Br2Sn -243.5
Tin(IV) bromide Br4Sn -377.4 -350.2 264.4 -314.6 -331.4 411.9 103.4
Tin(II) chloride Cl2Sn -325.1
Tin(IV) chloride Cl4Sn -511.3 -440.1 258.6 165.3 -471.5 -432.2 365.8 98.3
Tin (gray) Sn -2.1 0.1 44.1 25.8
Tin(II) hydroxide H2O2Sn -561.1 -491.6 155.0
Tin(II) iodide I2Sn -143.5
Tin(IV) iodide I4Sn 84.9 446.1 105.4
Tin(II) oxide OSn -280.7 -251.9 57.2 44.3 15.1 -8.4 232.1 31.6
Tin(IV) oxide O2Sn -577.6 -515.8 49.0 52.6
Tin(II) sulfide SSn -100.0 -98.3 77.0 49.3
Tin (white) Sn 0.0 51.2 27.0 301.2 266.2 168.5 21.3
Titanium Ti 0.0 30.7 25.1 473.0 428.4 180.3 24.4
Titanium(II) bromide Br2Ti -402.0
Titanium(III) bromide Br3Ti -548.5 -523.8 176.6 101.7
Titanium(IV) bromide Br4Ti -616.7 -589.5 243.5 131.5 -549.4 -568.2 398.4 100.8
Titanium(II) chloride Cl2Ti -513.8 -464.4 87.4 69.8
Titanium(III) chloride Cl3Ti -720.9 -653.5 139.7 97.2
Titanium(IV) chloride Cl4Ti -804.2 -737.2 252.3 145.2 -763.2 -726.3 353.2 95.4
Titanium(IV) iodide I4Ti -375.7 -371.5 249.4 125.7 -277.8
Titanium(II) oxide OTi -519.7 -495.0 50.0 40.0
Titanium(III) oxide O3Ti2 -1520.9 -1434.2 78.8 97.4
Titanium(III,IV) oxide O5Ti3 -2459.4 -2317.4 129.3 154.8
Titanium(IV) oxide (rutile) O2Ti -944.0 -888.8 50.6 55.0
Toluene C7H8 12.4 157.3 50.5
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate C9H6N2O2 287.8

Thermochem
o-Toluic acid C8H8O2 -416.5 174.9
m-Toluic acid C8H8O2 -426.1 163.6
p-Toluic acid C8H8O2 -429.2 169.0
Triacetamide C6H9NO3 -610.5 -550.1
1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine C2H4N4 76.8
Tri­propane­chloro­methane CBr3Cl 357.8 89.4
Tri­propane­chloro­silane Br3ClSi 377.1 95.3
Tri­propane­fluoro­methane CBr3F 345.9 84.4
Tri­propane­methane CHBr3 -22.3 -5.0 220.9 130.7 23.8 8.0 330.9 71.2
Tri­propane­silane Br3HSi -355.6 -336.4 248.1 -317.6 -328.5 348.6 80.8
Tributylamine C12H27N -281.6
1,3,5-Tri-tert-butyl­benzene C18H30 -320.0
Tributyl phosphate C12H27O4P 379.4
Tri­chloro­­acetal­dehyde C2HCl3O -234.5 151.0 -196.6
2,2,2-Tri­chloro­acetamide C2H2Cl3NO -358.0
Tri­chloro­acetic acid C2HCl3O2 -503.3
Tri­chloro­acetonitrile C2Cl3N 336.6 96.1
Tri­chloro­acetyl chloride C2Cl4O -280.8 -239.8
1,2,3-Tri­chloro­­benzene C6H3Cl3 -70.8 3.8
1,2,4-Tri­chloro­­benzene C6H3Cl3 -63.1 -8.1
1,3,5-Tri­chloro­­benzene C6H3Cl3 -78.4 -13.4
1,1,1-Tri­chloro­ethane C2H3Cl3 -177.4 227.4 144.3 -144.4 323.1 93.3
1,1,2-Tri­chloro­ethane C2H3Cl3 -190.8 232.6 150.9 -151.3 337.2 89.0
Tri­chloro­ethene C2HCl3 -43.6 228.4 124.4 -9.0 324.8 80.3
Tri­chloro­fluoro­methane CCl3F -301.3 -236.8 225.4 121.6 -268.3 78.1
Tri­chloro­methane CHCl3 -134.1 -73.7 201.7 114.2 -102.7 6.0 295.7 65.7
Tri­chloro­methyl CCl3 59.0
Tri­chloro­methyl­silane CH3Cl3Si 262.8 163.1 -528.9 351.1 102.4
1,2,3-Tri­chloro­propane C3H5Cl3 -230.6 183.6 -182.9
1,2,3-Trichloro-1-propene C3H3Cl3 -101.8
Tri­chloro­silane Cl3HSi -539.3 -482.5 227.6 -513.0 -482.0 313.9 75.8
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-tri­ C2Cl3F3 -745.0 170.1 -716.8
fluoro­ethane
Tri-o-cresyl phosphate C21H21O4P 570.0 578.0
Tridecane C13H28 406.7
Tridecanedioic acid C13H24O4 -1148.3

HCP_Section_05.indb 39 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-40 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
1-Tridecanol C13H28O -599.4
1-Tridecene C13H26 391.8
Triethanolamine C6H15NO3 -664.2 389.0 -558.3
Triethylamine C6H15N -127.7 219.9 -92.7
Triethylborane C6H15B -194.6 9.4 336.7 241.2 -157.7 16.1 437.8
Triethylene glycol C6H14O4 -804.3 -725.0
Tri­fluoro­acetic acid C2HF3O2 -1069.9 -1031.4
Tri­fluoro­acetonitrile C2F3N -497.9 298.1 77.9
1,1,1-Tri­fluoro­ethane C2H3F3 -744.6 279.9 78.2
1,1,2-Tri­fluoro­ethane C2H3F3 -730.7
2,2,2-Tri­fluoro­ethanol C2H3F3O -932.4 -888.4
Tri­fluoro­ethene C2HF3 -490.5
1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-iodoethane C2H2F3I -644.5
Tri­fluoro­iodo­methane CF3I -587.8 307.4 70.9
Tri­fluoro­methane CHF3 -695.4 259.7 51.0
Tri­fluoro­methyl CF3 -477.0 -464.0 264.5 49.6
(Tri­fluoro­methyl)benzene C7H5F3 188.4
1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,4- C5H5F3O2 -1040.2 -993.3
pentanedione
3,3,3-Trifluoro-1-propene C3H3F3 -614.2
Tri­fluoro­silane F3HSi 271.9 60.5
Trigermane Ge3H8 193.7 226.8
Trihexylamine C18H39N -433.0
Trihydro(phosphorus BF3H3P -854.0
trifluoride)boron
Triiodo­methane CHI3 -181.1 251.0 356.2 75.0
Trimethyl aluminum C3H9Al -136.4 -9.9 209.4 155.6 -74.1
Tri­methyl­amine C3H9N -45.7 208.5 137.9 -23.6 287.1 91.8
Tri­methyl­amine borane C3H12BN -142.5 70.7 187.0
Tri­methyl­amine C3H10ClN -282.9
Thermochem

hydrochloride
1,2,3-Tri­methyl­­benzene C9H12 -58.5 267.9 216.4 -9.5
1,2,4-Tri­methyl­­benzene C9H12 -61.8 215.0 -13.8
1,3,5-Tri­methyl­­benzene C9H12 -63.4 209.3 -15.9
Tri­methyl­borane C3H9B -143.1 -32.1 238.9 -124.3 -35.9 314.7 88.5
Trimethyl borate C3H9BO3 189.9
2,2,3-Tri­methyl­butane C7H16 -236.5 292.2 213.5 -204.4
2,3,3-Trimethyl-1-butene C7H14 -117.7 -85.5
Tri­methyl­­chloro­silane C3H9ClSi -382.8 -246.4 278.2 -352.8 -243.5 369.1
1α,3α,5β-1,3,5-Tri­methyl­­ C9H18 -212.1
cyclo­hexane
1,1,2-Tri­methyl­­cyclo­propane C6H12 -96.2
2,2,3-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -282.7
2,2,4-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -282.8
2,2,5-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -293.3
2,3,3-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -281.1
2,3,5-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -284.0 -242.6
2,4,4-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -280.2
3,3,4-Tri­methyl­hexane C9H20 -277.5
Tri­methyl­ol­propane C6H14O3 -750.9
2,2,3-Tri­methyl­pentane C8H18 -256.9 -220.0
2,2,4-Tri­methyl­pentane C8H18 -259.2 239.1 -224.0
2,3,3-Tri­methyl­pentane C8H18 -253.5 245.6 -216.3
2,3,4-Tri­methyl­pentane C8H18 -255.0 329.3 247.3 -217.3
2,2,4-Trimethyl-3-pentanone C8H16O -381.6 -338.3
2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene C8H16 -145.9 -110.5
2,4,4-Trimethyl-2-pentene C8H16 -142.4 -104.9
Tri­methyl­silane C3H10Si 331.0 117.9
Tri­methyl­urea C4H10N2O -330.5
Trinitroacetonitrile C2N4O6 183.7
1,3,5-Trinitro­benzene C6H3N3O6 -37.0 214.6
2,4,6-Trinitro-1,3- C6H3N3O8 -467.5
benzenediol
Trinitroglycerol C3H5N3O9 -370.9 -279.1 545.9 234.2
Trinitro­methane CHN3O6 -32.8 -13.4 435.6 134.1
2,4,6-Trinitrophenol C6H3N3O7 -217.9 239.7
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene C7H5N3O6 -63.2 243.3

HCP_Section_05.indb 40 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances 5-41

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
Trioctylamine C24H51N -585.0
1,3,5-Trioxane C3H6O3 -522.5 133.0 111.4 -465.9
Triphenylamine C18H15N 234.7 326.8
Triphenylmethanol C19H16O -2.5
Triphenyl phosphate C18H15O4P 397.5 356.2
Triphenylphosphine C18H15P 312.5
Tripropylamine C9H21N -207.1 -161.0
Tris(hydroxymethyl) C4H11NO3 -717.8
methylamine
Trisilane H8Si3 92.5 120.9
Tris(per­fluoro­butyl)amine C12F27N 418.4
1,3,5-Trithiane C3H6S3 80.0 130.4 336.4 111.3
Trithio­carbo­nic acid CH2S3 24.0
l-Tryptophan C11H12N2O2 -415.3 251.0 238.1
Tungsten W 0.0 32.6 24.3 849.4 807.1 174.0 21.3
Tungsten(VI) bromide Br6W -348.5
Tungsten(VI) chloride Cl6W -602.5 -513.8
Tungsten(VI) fluoride F6W -1747.7 -1631.4 251.5 -1721.7 -1632.1 341.1 119.0
Tungsten(IV) oxide O2W -589.7 -533.9 50.5 56.1
Tungsten(VI) oxide O3W -842.9 -764.0 75.9 73.8
l-Tyrosine C9H11NO3 -685.1 214.0 216.4
Undecane C11H24 -327.2 344.9 -270.8
1-Undecanol C11H24O -504.8
1-Undecene C11H22 344.9
Uracil C4H4N2O2 -429.4 120.5 -302.9
Uranium U 0.0 50.2 27.7 533.0 488.4 199.8 23.7
Uranium(III) chloride Cl3U -866.5 -799.1 159.0 102.5
Uranium(IV) chloride Cl4U -1019.2 -930.0 197.1 122.0 -809.6 -786.6 419.0
Uranium(VI) chloride Cl6U -1092.0 -962.0 285.8 175.7 -1013.0 -928.0 431.0
Uranium(III) fluoride F3U -1502.1 -1433.4 123.4 95.1 -1058.5 -1051.9 331.9 74.3

Thermochem
Uranium(IV) fluoride F4U -1914.2 -1823.3 151.7 116.0 -1598.7 -1572.7 368.0 91.2
Uranium(VI) fluoride F6U -2197.0 -2068.5 227.6 166.8 -2147.4 -2063.7 377.9 129.6
Uranium(III) hydride H3U -127.2 -72.8 63.7 49.3
Uranium(II) oxide OU 21.0
Uranium(IV) oxide O2U -1085.0 -1031.8 77.0 63.6 -465.7 -471.5 274.6 51.4
Uranium(IV,V) oxide O9U4 -4510.4 -4275.1 334.1 293.3
Uranium(IV,VI) oxide O7U3 -3427.1 -3242.9 250.5 215.5
Uranium(V,VI) oxide O8U3 -3574.8 -3369.5 282.6 238.4
Uranium(VI) oxide O3U -1223.8 -1145.7 96.1 81.7
Uranyl chloride Cl2O2U -1243.9 -1146.4 150.5 107.9
Uranyl fluoride F2O2U -1653.5 -1557.4 135.6 103.2
Urea CH4N2O -333.1 -245.8
Uric acid C5H4N4O3 -618.8 173.2 166.1
dl-Valine C5H11NO2 -628.9
l-Valine C5H11NO2 -617.9 -455.1
Vanadium V 0.0 28.9 24.9 514.2 754.4 182.3 26.0
Vanadium(IV) bromide Br4V -336.8
Vanadium(III) chloride Cl3V -580.7 -511.2 131.0 93.2
Vanadium(IV) chloride Cl4V -569.4 -503.7 255.0 -525.5 -492.0 362.4 96.2
Vanadium(IV) fluoride F4V -1403.3
Vanadium(V) fluoride F5V -1480.3 -1373.1 175.7 -1433.9 -1369.8 320.9 98.6
Vanadium(IV) iodide I4V -122.6
Vanadium(II) oxide OV -431.8 -404.2 38.9 45.4
Vanadium(III) oxide O3V2 -1218.8 -1139.3 98.3 103.2
Vanadium(III,IV) oxide O5V3 -1933.0 -1803.0 163.0
Vanadium(V) oxide O5V2 -1550.6 -1419.5 131.0 127.7
Vanadyl chloride ClOV -607.0 -556.0 75.0
Vanadyl trichloride Cl3OV -734.7 -668.5 244.3 -695.6 -659.3 344.3 89.9
Vinyl acetate C4H6O2 -349.2 -314.4
Vinyl­cyclo­pentane C7H12 -34.8
2-Vinylfuran C6H6O -10.3 27.8
Water H2O -285.8 -237.1 70.0 75.3 -241.8 -228.6 188.8 33.6
Xanthine C5H4N4O2 -379.6 161.1 151.3
Xanthone C13H8O2 -191.5
Xenon Xe 0.0 169.7 20.8
Xenon tetrafluoride F4Xe -261.5

HCP_Section_05.indb 41 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 5-42 Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances

Sº(c)/ Cp(c)/ Sº(l)/ Cp(l)/ Sº(g)/ Cp(g)/

ΔfHº(c)/ ΔfGº(c)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(l)/ ΔfGº(l)/ J mol-1 J mol-1 ΔfHº(g)/ ΔfGº(g)/ J mol-1 J mol-1
Name Mol. form. kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1 kJ mol-1 kJ mol-1 K-1 K-1
o-Xylene C8H10 -24.4 186.1 19.1
m-Xylene C8H10 -25.4 183.0 17.3
p-Xylene C8H10 -24.4 181.5 18.0
2,3-Xylenol C8H10O -241.1 -157.2
2,4-Xylenol C8H10O -228.7 -163.8
2,5-Xylenol C8H10O -246.6 -161.6
2,6-Xylenol C8H10O -237.4 -162.1
3,4-Xylenol C8H10O -242.3 -157.3
3,5-Xylenol C8H10O -244.4 -162.4
Xylitol C5H12O5 -1118.5
d-Xylose C5H10O5 -1057.8
Ytterbium Yb 0.0 59.9 26.7 152.3 118.4 173.1 20.8
Ytterbium(III) chloride Cl3Yb -959.8
Ytterbium(III) oxide O3Yb2 -1814.6 -1726.7 133.1 115.4
Yttrium Y 0.0 44.4 26.5 421.3 381.1 179.5 25.9
Yttrium chloride Cl3Y -1000.0 -750.2 75.0
Yttrium fluoride F3Y -1718.8 -1644.7 100.0 -1288.7 -1277.8 311.8 70.3
Yttrium oxide O3Y2 -1905.3 -1816.6 99.1 102.5
Zinc Zn 0.0 41.6 25.4 130.4 94.8 161.0 20.8
Zinc bromide Br2Zn -328.7 -312.1 138.5
Zinc carbonate CO3Zn -812.8 -731.5 82.4 79.7
Zinc chloride Cl2Zn -415.1 -369.4 111.5 71.3 -266.1
Zinc fluoride F2Zn -764.4 -713.3 73.7 65.7
Zinc hydroxide H2O2Zn -641.9 -553.5 81.2
Zinc iodide I2Zn -208.0 -209.0 161.1
Zinc nitrate N2O6Zn -483.7
Zinc orthosilicate O4SiZn2 -1636.7 -1523.2 131.4 123.3
Zinc oxide OZn -350.5 -320.5 43.7 40.3
Zinc selenide SeZn -163.0 -163.0 84.0
Zinc sulfate O4SZn -982.8 -871.5 110.5 99.2
Thermochem

Zinc sulfide (sphalerite) SZn -206.0 -201.3 57.7 46.0

Zinc sulfide (wurtzite) SZn -192.6
Zirconium Zr 0.0 39.0 25.4 608.8 566.5 181.4 26.7
Zirconium(IV) bromide Br4Zr -760.7
Zirconium(II) chloride Cl2Zr -502.0
Zirconium(IV) chloride Cl4Zr -980.5 -889.9 181.6 119.8
Zirconium(IV) fluoride F4Zr -1911.3 -1809.9 104.6 103.7
Zirconium(II) hydride H2Zr -169.0 -128.8 35.0 31.0
Zirconium(IV) iodide I4Zr -481.6
Zirconium(IV) orthosilicate O4SiZr -2033.4 -1919.1 84.1 98.7
Zirconium(IV) oxide O2Zr -1100.6 -1042.8 50.4 56.2
Zirconium(IV) sulfate O8S2Zr -2217.1 172.0
Zirconium titanate O4TiZr -2024.1 -1915.8 116.7 114.0

HCP_Section_05.indb 42 4/11/16 1:06 PM

 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE
L. V. Gurvich, V. S. Iorish, V. S. Yungman, and O. V. Dorofeeva

The thermodynamic properties C°p(T), S°(T), H°(T)-H°(Tr), References

-[G°(T)-H°(Tr)]/T and formation properties ∆f H°(T), ∆fG°(T), log
K f °(T) are tabulated as functions of temperature in the range 1. Gurvich, L. V., Veyts, I. V., and Alcock, C. B., Eds., Thermodynamic
298.15 to 1500 K for 80 substances in the standard state. The ref- Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed., Hemisphere Publishing
erence temperature, Thur, is equal to 298.15 K. The standard state Corp., New York, 1989.
2. Chase, M. W., NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
pressure is taken as 1 bar (100,000 Pa). The tables are presented
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph No. 9, 1998.
in the JANAF Thermochemical Tables format (Reference 2). The
numerical data are extracted from IVTANTHERMO databases
except for C2H4O, C3H6O, C6H6, C6H6O, C10H8, and CH5N, which
are based upon TRC Tables. See the references for information on
standard states and other details.

Order of Listing of Tables No. Mol. form. Name State

40 Cu2O Copper(I) oxide cr
No. Mol. form. Name State
41 Cl2Cu Copper(II) chloride cr, l
1 Ar Argon g
42 Cl2Cu Copper(II) chloride g
2 Br Bromine (atomic) g
43 F Fluorine (atomic) g
3 Br2 Bromine g
44 F2 Fluorine g
4 BrH Hydrogen bromide g
45 FH Hydrogen fluoride g
5 C Carbon (graphite) cr
46 Ge Germanium cr, l
6 C Carbon (diamond) cr
47 Ge Germanium g
7 C2 Dicarbon g
48 GeO2 Germanium(IV) oxide cr, l
8 C3 Carbon trimer g
49 Cl4Ge Germanium(IV) chloride g
9 CO Carbon monoxide g
50 H Hydrogen (atomic) g
10 CO2 Carbon dioxide g

Thermochem
51 H2 Hydrogen g
11 CH4 Methane g
52 HO Hydroxyl g
12 C2H2 Acetylene g
53 H2O Water l
13 C2H4 Ethylene g
54 H2O Water g
14 C2H6 Ethane g
55 I Iodine (atomic) g
15 C3H6 Cyclopropane g
56 I2 Iodine cr, l
16 C3H8 Propane g
57 I2 Iodine g
17 C6H6 Benzene l
58 HI Hydrogen iodide g
18 C6H6 Benzene g
59 K Potassium cr, l
19 C10H8 Naphthalene cr, l
60 K Potassium g
20 C10H8 Naphthalene g
61 K2O Potassium oxide cr, l
21 CH2O Formaldehyde g
62 HKO Potassium hydroxide cr, l
22 CH4O Methanol g
63 HKO Potassium hydroxide g
23 C2H4O Acetaldehyde g
64 ClK Potassium chloride cr, l
24 C2H6O Ethanol g
65 ClK Potassium chloride g
25 C2H4O2 Acetic acid g
66 N2 Nitrogen g
26 C3H6O Acetone g
67 NO Nitric oxide g
27 C6H6O Phenol g
68 NO2 Nitrogen dioxide g
28 CF4 Tetrafluoromethane g
69 H3N Ammonia g
29 CHF3 Trifluoromethane g
70 O Oxygen g
30 CClF3 Chlorotrifluoromethane g
71 O2 Oxygen g
31 CCl2F2 Dichlorodifluoromethane g
72 S Sulfur (rhombic) cr, l
32 CHClF2 Chlorodifluoromethane g
73 S Sulfur (rhombic) g
33 CH5N Methylamine g
74 S2 Disulfur g
34 Cl Chlorine (atomic) g
75 S8 Sulfur (orthorhombic) g
35 Cl2 Chlorine g
76 O2S Sulfur dioxide g
36 ClH Hydrogen chloride g
77 Si Silicon cr
37 Cu Copper cr, l
78 Si Silicon g
38 Cu Copper g
79 O2Si Silicon dioxide (α-quartz) cr
39 CuO Copper(II) oxide cr
80 Cl4Si Tetrachlorosilane g

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