Scribd
Upload
11 views7 pages

Muscular System Disorder Worksheet

The document is a worksheet focused on the muscular system and its disorders, detailing Latin and Greek root words, prefixes, and suffixes related to medical terminology. It provides definitions and examples for various muscular disorders, such as fibromyalgia and myopathy, requiring students to break down compound words into their components. The worksheet aims to enhance understanding of medical vocabulary associated with the muscular system.

Uploaded by

Bonner Chilton
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views7 pages

Muscular System Disorder Worksheet

The document is a worksheet focused on the muscular system and its disorders, detailing Latin and Greek root words, prefixes, and suffixes related to medical terminology. It provides definitions and examples for various muscular disorders, such as fibromyalgia and myopathy, requiring students to break down compound words into their components. The worksheet aims to enhance understanding of medical vocabulary associated with the muscular system.

Uploaded by

Bonner Chilton
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Muscular System

Disorder
Latin Root Word
Worksheet
◊◊ NLS ◊◊
Northern Lights
Science
©2021

krzzzz @ [Link]

Published Since 2002


Several of the root words in the
compound terms may have a spelling
variation (e.g., -collis versus -collum). Name ______________________________ Period _______

Muscular System Disorder


Latin R.W. Worksheet
Latin/Greek Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes Next to their English Meanings

a- (Gk.) ~ not, without hypo- ~ lacking, deficient


acidus- (L) ~ acidic, having a low pH -itis ~ inflammation of
-algia (L)/algos (Gk.) ~ pain lactic ~ of (sour) milk
-asthenia ~ weakness my(o)- ~ muscle
collum ~ neck -osis ~ medical condition
contractura ~ to draw together -pathy/-pathia (L) ~ disorder, suffer, disease
dys- ~ abnormal planta (L) ~ foot sole
fascia ~ band, surface tetanus (L)/tetanus (Gk.) ~ a stretching, tension
fibro ~ fibrous tissue tonia ~ muscle tension
gravis ~ grave or serious tortus (L) ~ twisted
hyper- ~ excessive -trophy ~ nourishment

Directions: Separate the compound word into its roots with forward slashes. Then, write the English
meanings for the parts sequentially on the top-numbered line between the forward slashes. Third, write
a fluent definition that accurately describes the compound term. Refer to the example.

A/chromat/opsia Lacking / Color/ Visual disorder or condition


Definition: Achromatopsia is a rare genetic condition of color blindness.

1. Fibromyalgia _____________________________________________________________________

Definition: ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

2. Myopathy _________________________________________________________________________

Definition: ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

3. Hypotonia _______________________________________________________________________

Definition: ___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________
4. Hypertonia ________________________________________________________________________

Definition: ___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

5. Fasciitis ____________________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

6. Atrophy ____________________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

7. Torticollis __________________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

8. (Muscular) dystrophy _________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

9. Myasthenia gravis ____________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

10. Plantar fasciitis _____________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________
11. Hypertrophy _______________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

12. Hypotrophy ________________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

13. Lactic acidosis ______________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

14. Tetanus (infection) __________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

15. Contracture ________________________________________________________________________

Definition: _____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Latin/Greek Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes Next to their English Meanings

a- (Gk.) ~ not, without hypo- ~ lacking, deficient


acidus- (L) ~ acidic, having a low pH -itis ~ inflammation of
-algia (L)/algos (Gk.) ~ pain lactic ~ of (sour) milk
-asthenia ~ weakness my(o)- ~ muscle
collum ~ neck -osis ~ medical condition
contractura ~ to draw together -pathy/-pathia (L) ~ disorder, suffer, disease
dys- ~ abnormal planta (L) ~ foot sole
fascia ~ band, surface tetanus (L)/tetanus (Gk.) ~ a stretching, tension
fibro ~ fibrous tissue tonia ~ muscle tension
gravis ~ grave or serious tortus (L) ~ twisted
hyper- ~ excessive -trophy ~ nourishment
Several of the root words in the
compound terms may have a spelling
variation (e.g., -collis versus -collum). Name ______________________________ Period _______

Muscular System Disorder Latin


Root Word Worksheet Key
Latin/Greek Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes Next to their English Meanings
◊◊ NLS ◊◊
a- (Gk.) ~ not, without hypo- ~ lacking, deficient Northern Lights
acidus- (L) ~ acidic, having a low pH -itis ~ inflammation of Science
-algia (L)/algos (Gk.) ~ pain lactic ~ of (sour) milk ©2021
-asthenia ~ weakness my(o)- ~ muscle
collum ~ neck -osis ~ medical condition
contractura ~ to draw together -pathy/-pathia (L) ~ disorder, suffer, disease
dys- ~ abnormal planta (L) ~ foot sole
fascia ~ band, surface tetanus (L)/tetanus (Gk.) ~ a stretching, tension
fibro ~ fibrous tissue tonia ~ muscle tension
gravis ~ grave or serious tortus (L) ~ twisted
hyper- ~ excessive -trophy ~ nourishment

Directions: Separate the compound word into its prefix, root, and suffix with forward slashes. Then,
write the English meanings for the parts sequentially on the top-numbered line between the forward
slashes. Third, write a fluent definition that accurately describes the compound term.

1. Fibro/my/algia _________________fibrous tissue / muscle / pain___________________________

Definition: A chronic disorder involving systemic muscular tenderness, fatigue, and pain

2. Myo/pathy _________________________muscle / disease__________________________________

Definition: Any muscular system condition not directly related to the nervous system

3. Hypo/tonia _______________________lacking / muscle tension____________________________

Definition: A decrease in or absence of muscle tone. The muscles become chronically loose and
limp.
4. Hyper/tonia ______________________excessive / muscle tension___________________________

Definition: An increased erratic muscle tone state marked with rigidity

5. Fasci/itis _______________________band, surface / inflammation of__________________________

Definition: Inflammation of a muscle’s collagenous fascia

6. A/trophy __________________________without / nourishment______________________________

Definition: Wasting away of muscle tissue due to either a long-term lack of use of or
insufficient nerve signal stimulation

7. Torti/collis _____________________________twisted / neck_________________________________

Definition: Spasmic twitching of the neck into a sideways position from a prolonged
contraction of cervical muscles

8. (Muscular) dys/trophy ____________________abnormal / nourishment________________________

Definition: A grouping of inherited diseases that results in progressive muscular weakening


and deterioration

9. My/asthenia/gravis ___________________muscle / weakness / grave_________________________

Definition: An autoimmune disease where altered antibodies interfere with or damage the receptors
at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), resulting in extreme muscle weakness

10. Plantar/fasci/itis ______________foot sole / band, surface / inflammation of_________________

Definition: When fascia around the heel bone becomes excessively stretched, causing
inflammation
11. Hyper/trophy _______________________excessive / nourishment________________________

Definition: Muscle tissue augmentation due to cell enlargement from weight training

12. Hypo/trophy ________________________lacking / nourishment_________________________

Definition: Organ or tissue size reduction attributed to a loss of cells

13. Lactic/acid/osis ___________________of sour milk / acidic / condition_______________________

Definition: The side ache people experience due to a lactic acid buildup from not obtaining
enough oxygen during exercise

14. Tetanus (infection) ______________________a stretching, tension___________________________

Definition: Tetanus is a Clostridium tetani bacterial infection where the bacteria secrete a
neurotoxin that overstimulates the release of acetylcholine (ACh) at the NMJ, causing muscles
to spasm with prolonged contraction.

15. Contracture ____________________________to draw together_____________________________

Definition: A contracture is abnormal fibrous tissue buildup in a muscle that restricts mobility.

◊◊ NLS ◊◊
Northern Lights
Science
©2021

Common questions

Powered by AI

Fascia is connective tissue that supports and surrounds muscles. 'Fasciitis', combining the roots 'fascia' (band, surface) and '-itis' (inflammation), describes a condition where this tissue becomes inflamed, often due to overuse or stress, resulting in pain and tenderness. Plantar fasciitis, a common form, specifically affects the heel's fascia and is characterized by sharp heel pain .

'Hypotonia', from 'hypo-' (lacking) and 'tonia' (muscle tension), indicates reduced muscle tone, leading to muscle flaccidity and weakness, often caused by neurological or genetic disorders. 'Hypertonia', from 'hyper-' (excessive) and 'tonia', describes increased muscle tension and rigidity, commonly due to central nervous system damage or neurodegenerative conditions .

Fibromyalgia is derived from Latin and Greek roots: 'fibro' (Latin) meaning fibrous tissue, 'my' (Greek) meaning muscle, and 'algia' (Greek) meaning pain, making it a term for a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain in the muscles and fibrous tissues. This condition manifests as systemic tenderness, fatigue, and persistent musculoskeletal pain .

The term 'torticollis' combines 'tortus' (twisted) and 'collum' (neck), referring to a condition where the neck muscles contract involuntarily, causing the head to tilt or twist. This can lead to neck pain and restricted range of motion, severely affecting posture and comfort .

'Hypertrophy' originates from 'hyper-' (excessive) and '-trophy' (nourishment), describing an increase in muscle size due to cell enlargement, often from resistance training. Conversely, 'atrophy', from 'a-' (without) and '-trophy' (nourishment), refers to the wasting away or decrease in muscle mass from disuse or lack of neural stimulation, highlighting contrasting responses to stimuli .

Lactic acidosis arises when lactic acid accumulates in the body, reducing the pH and leading to a condition described in the term's roots: 'lactic' (of sour milk) and 'acidus' (acidic). Exercise, particularly anaerobic, contributes to this accumulation when muscles produce lactic acid as a byproduct of rapid glucose consumption without sufficient oxygen .

The term 'myasthenia gravis' comes from the roots 'my' (muscle), 'asthenia' (weakness), and 'gravis' (grave or serious), indicating a serious condition of muscle weakness. Clinically, it refers to an autoimmune disease where antibodies disrupt the neuromuscular junction, severely impairing muscle contraction and resulting in extreme muscle weakness .

'Contracture', derived from 'contractura' (to draw together), involves fibrous tissue growth leading to restricted joint movement. This condition impedes musculoskeletal mobility, complicating daily activities like walking or grasping, and is often associated with prolonged immobility or trauma .

'Muscular dystrophy' decomposes to 'dys-' (abnormal) and '-trophy' (nourishment), indicating abnormal muscle development and function. It represents a group of inherited conditions that progressively damage muscles, leading to severe physical disabilities and requiring comprehensive care strategies to manage its progression and improve quality of life .

'Plantar fasciitis' is analyzed as 'planta' (foot sole) and 'fasciitis' (inflammation of fascia), describing the inflammation of the foot's fascia, specifically at the heel. This condition manifests as heel pain that worsens with activity, significantly limiting physical capabilities and impacting daily exercises such as walking or running .

You might also like