4th Year Civil Engineering

Examples on Circular Tanks

on Rocky Soil (Stiff Soil)
Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Example :-

Design and draw reinforcement details for a circular tank on very stiff soil
(rocky soil) with height equals to 8.0 m and diameter equals to 20.0 m
considering wall – base connection as sliding.

Given that :- fcu = 25 MPa & fy = 420 MPa

 Solution :-

1) Loads.
- Pmax = γw H = 10 × 8 = 80 KN/m2

2) Load Distribution.
- Total Load is resisted by HL direction.

80
KN/m2

VL direction HL direction

Page No. (1) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

3) Straining Actions.
- Tring = γw H r = 10 × 8 × 10 = 800 KN/m
4) Design of Critical Sections.
P = γw H
- Tring = 800 KN/m
 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.
TRing TRing
T fctr
- fct(N) = fct all =
bt η

800×103 0.6√25
 = t = 373.33 mm
1000×t 1.4
- Take t = 400 mm
 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.
- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 800 = 1120 KN/m
Tu
- As = fy
βcr
γs

- Use = 18 βcr = 0.75

1120×103
⸫ As = 420 = 4088.89 mm2/m
×0.75
1.15

As 4088.89
- As / side = = = 2044.45 mm2/side
2 2
0.15 0.15
- As min = bd= × 1000 × 350 = 525 mm2/side
100 100
- As > As min
⸫ Use As = 2044.45 mm2/side = 9 18/m/side

Page No. (2) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

400 mm

10/m
5

10/m
9 18/m 5 10/m

5
5 10/m 9 18/m

5 10/m

200 mm
5 10/m 5 10/m 5 10/m

5 10/m

5 10/m

Page No. (3) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Example :-
Design and draw reinforcement details for a circular tank on very stiff soil
(rocky soil) with height equals to 7.0 m and diameter equals to 18.0 m
considering wall – base connection as hinged.
Given that :- fcu = 25 MPa & fy = 420 MPa

 Solution :-
1) Loads.
- Pmax = γw H = 10 × 7 = 70 KN/m2
2) Load Distribution.
- The Load is resisted by HL & VL directions.

 For Horizontal Direction :-

TRing TRing

Page No. (4) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 For Vertical Direction :-

Mm 3 Mm
2

B.M.D. Q
N.F.D.

- Assume t ≈ (0.3 → 0.4) γw H r = (0.3 → 0.4) × 10 × 7 × 9

- t = (189 → 252) take t = 200 mm
H2 (7)2
- = = 13.61 ≈ 14
Dt 18 × 0.2
- From table (Ⅱ) Ct = 0.761
- Tring = Ct γw H r = 0.761 × 10 × 7 × 9 = 479.43 KN/m
- From table (Ⅷ) Cm = 0.0033
- Mm = Cm γw H3 = 0.0033 × 10 × (7)3 = 11.32 KN.m/m
- From table (Ⅻ) CQ = 0.073
- Q = CQ γw H2 = 0.073 × 10 × (7)2 = 35.77 KN/m

Page No. (5) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

Page No. (6) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

3) Design of Critical Sections.

Sections Location Moment (KN.m/m) Tension (KN/m) Type

Sec (1) at Ring 0 479.43 Water

Sec (2) at base 0 35.77 Water

Sec (3) at wall 11.32 0 Air

 Section (1) :- T = 479.43 KN/m (Water Section)

 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.
T fctr
- fct(N) = fct all =
bt η

Page No. (7) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

479.43×103 0.6√25
 = t = 223.7 mm
1000×t 1.4
- Take t = 250 mm
 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.
- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 479.43 = 671.2 KN/m
Tu
- As = fy
βcr
γs

- Use = 16 βcr = 0.79

671.2×103
⸫ As = 420 = 2326.34 mm2/m
×0.79
1.15

As 2326.34
- As / side = = = 1163.17 mm2/side
2 2
0.15 0.15
- As min = bd= × 1000 × 200 = 300 mm2/side
100 100
- As > As min
 Use As = 1163.17 mm2/side = 6 16/m/side

 Section (2) :- T = 35.77 KN/m (Water Section)

 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.
T fctr
- fct(N) = fct all =
bt η

35.77×103 0.6√25
 = t = 16.67 mm
1000×t 1.4
- Take tmin = 200 mm

Page No. (8) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.

- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 35.77 = 50.08 KN/m
Tu
- As = fy
βcr
γs

- Use = 10 βcr = 0.92

50.08×103
⸫ As = 420 = 149.05 mm2/m
×0.92
1.15

As 149.05
- As / side = = = 74.52 mm2/side
2 2
0.15 0.15
- As min = bd= × 1000 × 150 = 225 mm2/side
100 100
- As < As min
 Use As = As min = 225 mm2/side = 3 10/m/side
.) 5 10/m ( ‫ ال يقل حديد التسليح في أي قطاع عن‬-
 As = 5 10/m/side

 Section (3) :- M = 11.32 KN/m (Air Section)

- Mu = 1.4 M = 1.4 × 11.32 = 15.85 KN.m/m
- t = 250 mm (from design of Ring direction)

Mu 15.85×106
- d = C1 √ 200 = C1 √
fcu B 25×1000

- C1 = 7.943 J = 0.826
Mu 15.85×106
- As = = = 228.44 mm2/m
fy J d 420×0.826×200

Page No. (9) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

- As < As min
 Use As = As min = 300 mm2/m = 5 10/m

250 mm

5 10/m

6 16/m 10/m
5
5 10/m

5 10/m
6 16/m

5 10/m 5 10/m

200 mm

5 10/m 5 10/m
5 10/m

5 10/m

Page No. (10) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Example :-
Design and draw reinforcement details for a circular tank on very stiff soil
(rocky soil) with height equals to 5.0 m and diameter equals to 16.0 m
considering wall – base connection as fixed.
Given that :- fcu = 25 MPa & fy = 350 MPa

 Solution :-
1) Loads.
- Pmax = γw H = 10 × 5 = 50 KN/m2
2) Load Distribution.
- The Load is resisted by HL & VL directions.

 For Horizontal Direction :-

TRing TRing

Page No. (11) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 For Vertical Direction :-

Mm 4 Mm
Mf 3 Mf

2
L Q
B.M.D.
N.F.D.

- Assume t ≈ (0.3 → 0.4) γw H r = (0.3 → 0.4) × 10 × 5 × 8

- t = (120 → 160) take tmin = 200 mm
H2 (5)2
- = = 7.8 ≈ 8
Dt 16 × 0.2
- From table (Ⅰ) Ct = 0.575
- Tring = Ct γw H r = 0.575 × 10 × 5 × 8 = 230 KN/m
- From table (Ⅶ) Cf = 0.0146
Cm = 0.0038
- Mf = Cf γw H3 = 0.0146 × 10 × (5)3 = 18.25 KN.m/m
- Mm = Cm γw H3 = 0.0038 × 10 × (5)3 = 4.75 KN.m/m
- From table (Ⅻ) CQ = 0.174
- Q = CQ γw H2 = 0.174 × 10 × (5)2 = 43.5 KN/m

Page No. (12) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

Page No. (13) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

3) Design of Critical Sections.

Sections Location Moment (KN.m/m) Tension (KN/m) Type

Sec (1) at Ring 0 230 Water

Sec (2) at base 18.25 43.5 Water

Sec (3) at base 0 43.5 Water

Sec (4) at wall 4.75 0 Air

 Section (1) :- T = 230 KN/m (Water Section)

 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.
T fctr
- fct(N) = fct all =
bt η

Page No. (14) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

230×103 0.6√25
 = t = 107.33 mm
1000×t 1.4
- Take tmin = 200 mm
 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.
- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 230 = 322 KN/m
Tu
- As = fy
βcr
γs

- Use = 12 βcr = 0.93

322×103
⸫ As = 350 = 1137.63 mm2/m
×0.93
1.15

As 1137.63
- As / side = = = 568.82 mm2/side
2 2
0.15 0.15
- As min = bd= × 1000 × 150 = 225 mm2/side
100 100
- As > As min
 Use As = 568.82 mm2/side = 6 12/m/side

 Section (2) :- M = 18.25 KN.m/m (Water Section)

T = 43.5 KN/m
 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.

M 18.25×106
- t≈√ =√ = 246.64 mm
0.3 b 0.3 ×1000

- Take t = 250 mm
T 43.5×103
- fct(N) = = = 0.174 N/mm2
bt 1000×250

Page No. (15) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

6M 6×18.25×106
- fct(M) = = = 1.752 N/mm2
b t2 1000×(250)2

- fct act = fct(N) + fct(M) = 0.174 + 1.752 = 1.926 N/mm2

fct (N) 0.174
- tv = t [1 + ] = 250 [1 + ] = 274.83 mm
fct (M) 1.752

 η = 1.3
fctr 0.6√fcu 0.6√25
- fct all = = = = 2.31 N/mm2
η η 1.3

 fct act < fct all O.K. Safe

 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.
- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 43.5 = 60.9 KN
- Mu = 1.4 M = 1.4 × 18.25 = 25.55 KN.m
Mu 25.55
-e= = = 0.42 m
Tu 60.9
e 0.42
- = = 1.68 > 0.5 Big Eccentric Section
t 0.25
t 0.25
- es = e – + cover = 0.42 – + 0.05 = 0.345 m
2 2
- Mus = Tu es = 60.9 × 0.345 = 21.01 KN.m

Mus 21.01×106
- d = C1√ 200 = C1√
fcu b 25×1000

- C1 = 6.899 J = 0.826
Mus Tu
- As = + fy
fy J d βcr βcr
γs
- Use = 12 βcr = 0.93
Page No. (16) Eng / Mohamed Mansour
Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

21.01×106 60.9×103
⸫ As = + 350 = 605.88 mm2/m
350×0.826×200×0.93 × 0.93
1.15

0.15 0.15
- As min = bd= × 1000 × 200 = 300 mm2/m
100 100
- As > As min
⸫ Use As = 605.88 mm2/m = 6 12/m

 Section (3) :- T = 43.5 KN/m (Water Section)

 Stage(Ⅰ) :- Cracking Limit State.
T fctr
- fct(N) = fct all =
bt η

43.5×103 0.6√25
 = t = 20.3 mm
1000×t 1.4
- Take tmin = 200 mm
 Stage(Ⅱ) :- Ultimate Limit State.
- Tu = 1.4 T = 1.4 × 43.5 = 60.9 KN/m
Tu
- As = fy
βcr
γs

- Use = 10 βcr = 1.00

60.9×103
⸫ As = 350 = 200.1 mm2/m
×1.00
1.15

As 200.1
- As / side = = = 100.05 mm2/side
2 2
- As < As min
 Use As = As min = 225 mm2/side = 5 10/m/side

Page No. (17) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Section (4) :- M = 4.75 KN/m (Air Section)

- Mu = 1.4 M = 1.4 × 4.75 = 6.65 KN.m/m
- t = 200 mm (from design of Ring direction)

Mu 6.65×106
- d = C1 √ 150 = C1 √
fcu B 25×1000

- C1 = 9.197 J = 0.826
Mu 6.65×106
- As = = = 153.35 mm2/m
fy J d 350×0.826×150

- As < As min
 Use As = As min = 225 mm2/m = 5 10/m

-: ‫ حساب طول استمرار العزم السالب في قاعدة الخزان‬-

Mm Mm
Mf Mf

L
Mf
- L=2√
wbase
- wbase = γw H + tb γRC = 10 × 5 + 0.25 × 25 = 56.25 KN/m

18.25
L = 2 × √ = 1.14 m ≈ 1.2 m
56.25

Page No. (18) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

10/m
200 mm

5
10/m
10/m

6
5
12/m

12/m
10/m

6
5

6 12/m
6 10/m

5 10/m 6 10/m

200 mm
250 mm

1.2 m 5 10/m 5 10/m

5 10/m
5 10/m

Page No. (19) Eng / Mohamed Mansour