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Overcurrent Protection Schemes Explained

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15 views1 page

Overcurrent Protection Schemes Explained

Uploaded by

ravisagar38779
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Overcurrent Protection Schemes

OVERCURRENT PROTECTION SCHEMES

1. Definite Time Overcurrent Protection (DTOC)


- Relay operates above pickup current with fixed time delay.
Diagram:
Fault Current
↓
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
■ Overcurrent ■
■ Relay ■-----(Fixed Time Delay)----> Trip CB
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■

2. Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection (IOC)


- Trips immediately without delay.
Diagram:
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
■ Instantaneous■----> Trip CB (No delay)
■ O/C Relay ■
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■

3. Inverse Time Overcurrent Protection (IDMT)


- Higher current → faster operation.
Diagram:
Operation Time decreases as Fault Current increases (Inverse Curve)

4. Directional Overcurrent Protection (DOCR)


- Operates only if fault current flows in specified direction.
Diagram:
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
■ O/C Relay + ■---> Directional Element ---> Trip CB
■ Direction ■
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■

5. Differential Overcurrent Protection


- Compares incoming and outgoing current. Trips if |I1 - I2| exceeds limit.
Diagram:
CT1(I1) --> Differential Relay --> Trip
CT2(I2)

6. Time Graded Overcurrent Protection


- Downstream relays have lower time delay for coordination.
Example:
R1 (0.3s) → R2 (0.6s) → R3 (0.9s)

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