Charina background

NURSING ROLES IN THE

SURGICAL AREA.

López Guerrero R., Muñoz Méndez L. and El Mesaoudi Zizaoui S.

Introduction. Teamwork is the foundation of patient care in the operating room.
Objective. Literature review on nursing functions in the positions of the area
surgical.
Methodology. We have used search engines such as Cochrane and Medline. In Spanish and English.
Resultado:

Functions of circulating nurse:

to verify the operations plan.
Prepare the operating table.
Upon receiving the patient, check identification documentation.
Functions of the surgical nurse:
Prepare the operating room to receive the patient.
Review the instruments.
Anticipate the surgeon's requirements.

Conclusions. Clear functions, everyone is a team member, essential for

to achieve successful results, they must engage in common activities.

htps://[Link]/revista/1/roles-de-enfermeria-en-el-area-quirurgica

Surgery represents one of the basic pillars of medical treatment in countries

developed. However, it is not without associated complications. Various

Studies indicate that the perioperative mortality rate ranges from 0.3% in operations

of hip replacement at 10.7% in craniotomies (1), while the rate of

Complications related to the surgical process as a whole range between

26.9% in cardiothoracic localization surgery and 42.4% in vascular surgery.

Incidents without harm or with harm (adverse events) associated with surgery have to

see with errors related to patient identification, the procedure or the

localization of the surgical site, problems with the equipment used for the

induction of anesthesia, lack of necessary equipment for the development of

surgical process or use of non-sterile equipment, blood losses exceeding

the planned or closure of the surgical wound without having retracted all the accessories

surgical materials used inside patients (e.g. gauzes, sponges, etc.). Events

adverse events related to surgery that can lead to severe consequences

is the error of site/patient, surgical procedure, the thromboembolism and the

surgical site infection (3). Medication errors constitute one of the

main security issues of surgical patients especially in the

anesthetic field. Medication-related problems are common in

hospitalized patients. According to the ENEAS study (2005), a Spanish study of

adverse events related to hospitalization, 37.4% of them were

related to medication management, with the rate in surgical services

of 22.2%. (29) The Helsinki Declaration on safety in anesthesia recommends

that all institutions provide specific labels to mark the syringes

that contain medication and are administered during anesthesia. The labeling

It should comply with international standards. (30) The Spanish Society of Anesthesia

(SEDAR), the Spanish System for Notification of Anesthesia Incidents (SENSAR) and the

Institute for Safe Medication Use (ISMP-Spain) has published

syringe, line, and packaging labeling recommendations according to the regulations

international
USE OF SURGICAL CHECKLISTS: EFFECT ON RELATIONS AND
COMMUNICATION IN THE WORK TEAM, MORBIDITY-MORTALITY AND SAFETY OF
PATIENT

MARIA Grau (2016).

The WHO surgical checklist was created within the program titled 'The

Safe Surgery Saves Lives with the aim of improving

internationally the safety of surgical processes (6). The basic idea was

create a tool that will support clinical practice procedures without putting in

doubt the clinical judgment of professionals (18). The list came to light in June 2008

and has been translated into at least 6 different languages (19). Structurally, it is organized in

three different sections that add up to a total of 22 items:

Before the induction of anesthesia - 'Sign-in' (7 items): includes areas such

the identification of the patient, place of the surgery with marking and type of

intervention, the verification of the correct functioning of the equipment and

anesthetic medication and the verification that the pulse oximeter is placed on

the patient and functioning, difficulties with the airway or problems with

bronchial aspiration and the availability of necessary equipment, reservation of

hemoderivatives if necessary.

- Before the surgical incision - 'Time out' (10 items): the presentation of t

different members of the surgical team, the review of the critical steps of

surgical procedure and antibiotic prophylaxis, it has been proven that the

availability of necessary surgical material and its sterility.

- Antes de que el paciente abandone el quirófano – “Sign out” (5 ítems):

verification of instrument records, labeling of specimens and

of the patient's recovery status.

 It is important to highlight the fundamental role played by the staff of

nursing for the implementation of the recommended safe surgery guide

by the World Health Organization, the functions of the staff of

nursing depends on the academic training of the individuals, there are

enfermeras instrumentistas, enfermeras circulantes, cada una tiene su función

específica en el área quirúrgica y por ende la responsabilidad también tiene

specific responsibility at the time of a surgical intervention. It is countries

developed like Spain this security guide is essential in the blocks

surgical, and undoubtedly the role of nursing staff

Goyes, E and Lavayen, S (2016) Role of Nursing in Safety and Quality of Care
of the Patient in the Surgical Area" University of Miracles - Ecuador

The purpose of this research work was related to the Role of Nursing.

in the safety and quality of patient care in the surgical area, through

activities that help prevent adverse events and potential complications in

área quirúrgica. La seguridad sanitaria implica la aplicación de guías, manuales, listas

surgical verification, the entire process is aimed at safe care of

the patients during their stay in the surgical blocks, in order to minimize

risks or accidents during healthcare practice. That's why it is important that the staff

nursing provides all specific care, from the moment their shift begins

work until it ends and that every process I carry out is for the benefit of improvement

of patients' health. The goal is to determine the role of nursing in safety

and quality of patient care in the surgical area, a methodology was used

qualitative study, bibliographic documentary obtaining data from articles

scientists and health pages, based on the results where information was obtained

relevant to the topic of interest that serve as a guide for the elaboration of the work.
investigation carried out by the authors. For this purpose, a thorough review was conducted,

finding data from (Hurtado & Ruiz, 2019) that of 25 professionals of

nursing 70% did not receive training on the checklist for safe surgery and

that 75% does not apply due to patient demand. Therefore, it is concluded that the

safety and the quality of care is the fundamental part that all health personnel

One must commit to fulfilling effectively in order to create a stable environment.

and that these are centered on care while avoiding undesirable effects on the

patient's health status.

Indeed, patient safety during hospital care must be effective and

efficient during healthcare, to avoid complications that prolong the

hospital stay, the illness and hospital costs, that is why it is necessary that the

surgical area where the study is conducted with trained personnel,

communicative, from a safe, sterile environment, of all instruments and equipment

necessary for the surgical intervention before, during and after everything

procedure, apply the safe surgery guide or called for other list of

Surgical verification is fundamental for every surgical block.

Consequently, the nursing staff has the duty to provide all the care

necessary during surgical care from the beginning until it ends, thus

how to apply strategies that are beneficial for the safety of care for the

patients applying ethical and moral principles, in addition to preventing potential risks

that endanger the patient's condition. That is why it is important that throughout the

process gives a professional approach or orientation in the different areas for the

care that the surgical patient must receive in order to provide a quality service.
Hurtado, M and Ruiz, J (2019) Compliance with the safe surgery checklist

by the nursing staff of a hospital in the City of Guayaquil. University

Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil - Ecuador. The objective is to determine the

compliance with the safe surgery checklist by nursing staff

In a hospital in Guayaquil, the methodology is descriptive, prospective, and observational.

the Universe, consisting of 25 nurses, the Instrument the survey and a guide of

direct observation, among the Results, the female sex predominated with 80%, age

is between 25 to 35 years old with 70%, years of service from 1 to 5 at 90%; in the

100% of the academic staff hold a bachelor's degree, 80% have a master's degree, but it does not hold

relationship with their performance, in the trainings 92% indicated that they received it once,

Discussion according to Irma Torres and others in 2014, the result in the phase of the exit.

90% of the cases do not complete the checklist on time

corresponding, while ours concludes that the Center staff

Surgical meets certain parameters of the Surgery Checklist

Sure, in the entry phase 100% and informed consent, identification of

patient; and postoperative phase only 80%.

It is important to highlight, the results of the cited research showed that

despite the existence of the safe surgery checklist in the hospital area

the interviewed nursing staff makes little use of it, data obtained

through the survey where we were able to verify that a minority applies it

correctly, while the other party does not give it much importance. In the

regarding the training, the interviewed personnel state that they have not received it.

training on the application of the safe surgery checklist in the study institution and

those who responded that they did receive were trained in their other places of

work, therefore it is concluded that the high incidence of non-compliance of the

The safe surgery checklist for nursing staff is due to the lack of or

almost no training received from the institution. In relation to the

compliance with the checklist can be verified through observation

directly in the ENTRY phase is when the nurse identifies the patient and

verify the informed consent, while in the PAUSE phase it fulfills the

patient identification, introduction of nursing staff, and consultation with

anesthesiologist in case of any adverse reaction occurring, however in the phase

NURSING STAFF only fulfills 80% at the time of verification

verbally the name of the procedure and the count of materials and supplies.

Torres, A (2019) Compliance with the Safe Surgery Checklist. Service of

surgical center of the Daniel Alcides Carrión hospital - Huancayo, August 2016

Objective Determine compliance in the application of the checklist of the

safe surgery in the surgical center service of the Daniel Alcides Carrión hospital

from Huancayo - August 2016, for this, Material and Method have been employed,

Quantitative, Descriptive, and Cross-sectional approach based on a defined population

for the totality of scheduled surgeries performed in the month of August, whose

The monthly average is 215 LVCS and a sample of 138. Results to determine

the level of compliance was taken into account using the ACOFAEN scale (Association)

Colombian Nursing Faculties), considering a level of compliance with

score of 91-100% = excellence, 85-90% = significant, 75-84% = partial,

70-74% = minimum and < 70% = non-compliance, at the Daniel Alcides Hospital

In Carrión de Huancayo, only 0.7% of cases are excellent, 0.7% of

partial form, 2.2% in minimum form and 96.4% does not comply with the Checklist

of Safe Surgery. Conclusion The surgical center staff does not comply with the List

of Safe Surgery Verification (LVCS), at the three moments.