Real Time Weather Monitoring System

Implementation Based on Internet of Things

Vaishnavi Agrawal
Gokaran Dev Gautam Hrithik Yadav
Department of Department of Department of Electronics
Electronics Electronics Engineering Engineering
Engineering JSS Academy of JSS Academy of
JSS Academy of Technical education Technical education
Technical Education Noida, Uttar Pradesh,
Noida Uttar Pradesh
Noida Uttar Pradesh, India.
India. India.
20ec016@[Link] 20ec051@[Link]..in
20ec202@[Link]

Abstract: In this Project, we are developing a \"LoRa Based environmental changes in a particular area
Wireless Weather Station\" model where LoRa is an
innovation for distant organizations that supports the Internet
of Things (IoT) framework. It's critical to maintain major air
pollutants below WHO-recommended thresholds in order to
counteract the rising number of deaths brought on by the
related health issues. This is particularly true indoors, where
inadequate ventilation may intensify the negative
consequences of air pollution. A newer LPWAN technology
called LoRa is based on a broader band spread spectrum
method. LoRa broadcasts a signal using the full channel
bandwidth, making it immune to fading, doppler effects,
channel noise, and long-term relative frequency changes. The
gateway that connects the sensors to the cloud portion of the
network and supports the LoRaWAN protocol subsequently
transmits the measured parameter readings to the cloud. The
created Web-based user interface dashboard allows end users
to query the system and retrieve the data together with
analytical statistics.

Keywords-
IOT ,LoRa WAN, LPWAN technology.

INTRODUCTION
The conditions of the temperature, humidity, and wind at a place
for a given amount of time are related to the environment. In
general, the environment is always changing. There are
occasionally dry seasons and wet seasons with downpours and
snowfalls. Three factors specifically influence the weather: the
sun, the water, and the wind. The development of a sustainable,
pollution-free living environment and better lifestyles depends on
the installation of air quality monitoring devices with remarkable
operational methods in residential settings. The wireless network
sector has become interested in LPWAN over time. Wide area
networking over a few to tens of kilometers is effectively offered
by LPWAN technology for low data rate, low power, and low
throughput applications. Their market is projected to be very
large. It is estimated that approximately 25% of all thirty billion
IoT/M2M devices are connected to the internet via LPWAN. A
weather conditions station could consist of several devices that
monitor and record local temperature, environment, and
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 This proposed system senses the state of the weather
like temperature, humidity, rainfall or noise. Different
types of sensors will be used to sense different climatic
conditions. Also with a particular time base results will
be declared on LCD display to know the climate or
weather of a particular period.
This weather monitoring system will be Arduino
based. Arduino is an open platform used to build many
proposed systems. Arduino consists of both hardware
(Arduino board) and software (IDE). In simple words we
can say that Arduino can be the brains of almost any
electronic projects.

I. RELATED WORK

Nowadays many weather monitoring system

have been built up to tackle different
environmental parameters. One of the existing
system model is Condition Monitoring And
Reporting Framework for Wireless Sensor Network
based AWS. In this proposed system a framework is
designed to monitor the conditions of AWSs so that it
facilitates the preventive maintenance. This technology
addresses the challenges faced by the inefficient
traditional means of monitoring conditions of AWSs.
The main work of this proposed system is to

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analyze and categorize the problems for customised server. The information is also made available on the
reporting and also to design a visualisation tool for the mobile phone, web servers or any web browser devices
status of AWSs monitoring.[1] In proposed system [2], it via internet connectivity and it makes the system more
has shown that the system is used to display the weather intelligent and easy.
parameters through a mobile application that is installed
on the Android device. The measurement parameters
include in the system are humidity, temperature, rainfall, II. PROPOSED WORK
air pressure and solar radiation and output has shown in
the form of a chart. Thus in this project a mobile A weather monitoring system is designed to acquire
application is used to analyze the weather parameters[2]. all the environmental parameters like temperature,
The proposed system [3] is all about condition monitoring humidity, rain and noise. All these sensors are connected
of weather system. It reduces the human inspection by to the Arduino UNO as shown in fig. no.1 so that it senses
automating the monitoring system, also reduces the the environmental parameters and this Arduino board is
maintenance and improves the safety and reliability[3].
connected to the CPU using data cables. I2C module will
The DICast System i.e. Dynamic Integrated foreCasting
receive the data from Arduino and it will transmit the data
System is an engine which is fully automated used in
to the serial monitor i.e LCD display using serial
weather forecasting. It is a very useful system used in
communication process. Instructions for monitoring
many applications like NCAR in which forecasting
weather are coded using Arduino IDE software and are
includes surface based transportation, renewable energy
loaded to the Arduino UNO microcontroller.
and forecasting of wildland fire. DICast is a system used
in many types of concepts that are based on the decision
process of weather forecasting. It is also a useful system
used in production of solar power prediction [6]. The
main aim of the proposed system [7] is to create an
application of weather monitoring so that it forecasts in
any of the cities across the world using this application.
This application is based on a javascript framework with
angular JS. Model View Whatever framework is used to
view a single page application for forecasting weather.
This framework used in this is also applicable to give
options for Model View Controller (MVC) or to choose
for Model View ViewModel (MVVM). The proposed
system [8] is all based on artificial neural networks. It
represents a forecasting model for producing a wind farm
within the horizon of 24 hours. The objective of this Fig..1
proposed system is to use an artificial neural network (Block Diagram)
application i.e. a feedforward network for the
development of wind power with accurate predictions.
An Arduino UNO is based on the microchip
NWP (Numerical weather predictions model) provides the
ATmega328P microcontroller and it is an open source
forecasted results and are thus compared in the system.
microcontroller. The board of the Arduino contains thet of
digital and analog pins where they are interfaced with
Through the previous research it has been analyzed
various expansion boards and also to many other circuits.
that in earlier days manual observations have been taken
It is programmable by Arduino IDE (Integrated
once daily and automatic observations have been taken
Development Environment).The LM35 is an integrated
once in an [Link] in this era using modern technologies
circuit temperature sensor which works on the scale factor
like Arduino or IOT it is very simple to take observations
of .01 volt per degree [Link] range of humidity is
anywhere at any [Link] system model which is
21% - 91%. The noise sensor has the precision of a class
based on arduino system in that you can collect and
1 sound meter in the same equipment and the maximum
analyze and also present the measured data on the web
protection of a professional weather kit with total

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connectivity. A rain sensor works on the principle of total III. RESULTS
internal reflection on 5 and it's driving ability is of 15mA.
The sensing resistance of a gas sensor is 3kohm to Real time weather monitoring system is able to detect and
30kohm (1000ppm iso-butane). It’s heating consumption predict the weather conditions of a particular area. The
is less than 800mw. i2c module consists of an inbuilt sensor devices provides the proper detected data of a
PCF8574 I2C chip that helps to convert the serial data to particular region. After the data is detected from different
the parallel data for displaying data on the LCD display. sensor devices, the data is automatically sent to the serial
monitor when proper connection is done. The output is
based on the real time system and the input data is stored
in the form of a datasheet for analyzing and processing in
future.

The outputs are displayed with the 3 sec delay so that the
previous values displayed on the screen could not get
affected. The system checks that the readings are within
the range and also acceptable for the sensor. The humidity
range is between 20 to 90 relative humidity and the
temperature range is between 0 to 500c. If the readings of
the sensors are within the range then the output is
displayed on the LCD screen and also on the serial
monitor.

Fig. 2
(Flowchart)

The system is divided into two parts where first is of

displaying all the values of the weather parameters and Fig. 3
the other is to control all the sensor data and sending it to (Hardware Implementation)
the device. Temperature and humidity are sensed by the
DHT11 sensor and insert the data to the Arduino system
as shown in fig.2. Likewise gas, noise and rain are also
sensed by their respective sensors and send the data to the
Arduino UNO. Then the Arduino collects all the data and
upload it to the i2c module for further processing. And
then the displaying part comes where i2c module converts
the serial data uploaded by the Arduino and converts it
into the parallel data so that the data can be displayed on
the LCD, also the data can be displayed wirelessly on the
serial monitor.

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 [5] Sushmitha Kothapalli and S.J. Totad,”A Real Time Weather
Forecasting and Analysis,” pp.1567,1570, 2017.
[6] [Link], Seth Linden, T. Mccandless, B. Kosovic and Stefeno
Alessandrini, “Machine learning for Applied Weather Prediction” ,
IEEE, pp. 276-277,2018.
[7] K. Srinivasan, A. Nema, C. Huang and T.Y. Ho, “Weather
Forecasting Application Using Web-Based-Model-View-Whatever
Framework”, IEEE, pp.1-2, 2018.
[8] A. Dolara, A. Gandelli, F. Grimaccia, S. Leva and M. Mussetta, “
Weather-based Machine Learning technique for Day-Ahead Wind
power forecasting”, IEEE, pp. 207-208, 2017.

Fig. 4
(Serial monitor output)

IV. CONCLUSION

Using this weather monitoring system we can determine

and control different climatic [Link] the
DHT11 sensor, the weather is hot or cold that can be
determined. This Arduino based proposed system of
weather monitoring system will be helpful in many fields
like it will be helpful in guiding farmers, pharmacists,
event planners and likewise others with providing
accurate information about the weather. However, this
system can be extended to control several tasks regarding
weather conditions.

V. REFERENCES

[1] Hamouda Mohammed .H.M1, Sameep Dave,”Wireless weather

monitoring system using Arduino DUE and GSM
Technology”,IRJETvol.5, ISO 9001-2008, pp.746,747, 2018.
[2] Aris Munandar*, Hanif Fakhrurroja, Muhammad Ilham Rizqyawan,
Rian Putra Pratama, “Design of Weather Monitoring System Based on
Mobile Application sing Automatic Weather Station”, IEEE transaction
pp.44,46,2017.
[3] V.J. Hodge ,S.O’Keefe and [Link], “ Wireless Sensor Network
for Condition Monitoring in the Railway Industry: A survey,”
Pp.1088, 2015.
[4] Mary Nsabagwa; Isaac Mugume; Robert Kasumba; Joshua Muhumu
,”Condition Monitoring and Reporting Framework For Wireless
Network-based Automatic Weather Stations”, pp.1,8, 2018.

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