168 Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific

25A
HUMAN REPRODUCTION :
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

1. Egg is liberated from ovary in [1989] 7. Freshly released human egg has [1991]
(a) secondary oocyte stage (a) one Y - chromosome
(b) primary oocyte stage (b) one X - chromosome
(c) oogonial stage (c) two X - chromosomes
(d) mature ovum stage (d) Both (a) and (b)
2. Gonads develop from embryonic [1990] 8. Location and secretion of Leydig’s cells are
(a) ectoderm (b) endoderm (a) liver — cholesterol [1991]
(c) mesoderm (d) Both (b) and (c) (b) ovary — estrogen
3. How many sperms are formed from a sec- (c) testis — testosterone
ondary spermatocyte? [1990] (d) pancreas — glucagon
(a) 4 (b) 8 9. Extrusion of second polar body from egg
(c) 2 (d) 1 nucleus occurs [1993]
4. Occurrence of Leydig’s cells and their secre- (a) after entry of sperm but before completion
tion is [1991,98] of fertilization
(a) ovary and estrogen (b) after completion of fertilization
(b) liver and cholesterol (c) before entry of sperm
(c) pancreas and glucagon (d) without any relation of sperm entry
(d) testis and testosterone 10. Male hormone is produced in the testis by
cells of [1993]
5. Middle piece of mammalian sperm pos-
sesses [1991,99] (a) sertoli (b) epithelial
(a) mitochondria and centriole (c) spermatocytes (d) Leydig
(b) mitochondria only 11. Acrosome reaction in sperm is triggered by
(c) centriole only [1993]
(d) nucleus and mitochondria (a) capacitation (b) release of lysin
(c) influx of Na+ (d) release of fertilizin
6. Fertilizins are emitted by [1991, 97]
(a) immature eggs (b) mature eggs 12. Ovulation occurs under the influence of
(c) sperms (d) polar bodies (a) LH (b) FSH [1994]
(c) estrogen (d) progesterone
Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific 169
13. In 28 days human ovarian cycle, ovulation (a) FSH (b) LH
occurs on [1994, 97] (c) FSH, LH, estrogen (d) Progesterone
(a) l day (b) 5 day 22. When both ovaries are removed from rat
(c) 14 day (d) 28 day which hormone is decreased in blood ?
14. At the end of first meiotic division, male germ [2002]
differentiates into [1994, 2008] (a) Oxytocin (b) Prolactin
(a) secondary spermatocyte (c) Estrogen
(b) primary spermatocyte (d) Gonadotropic releasing factor
(c) spermatogonium 23. Bartholin’s glands are situated [2003]
(d) spermatid (a) on either side of vagina in humans
15. The mammalian corpus luteum produces (b) on either side of vas deference in humans
(c) on the sides of the head of some
(a) estrogen [1995]
amphibians
(b) progesterone
(d) at the reduced tail end of birds
(c) luteotropic hormone
(d) luteinizing hormone 24. Ovulation in the human female normally
takes place during the menstrual cycle
16. The estrus cycle is a characteristic of [1995]
(a) at the mid secretory phase [2004]
(a) human males only (b) just before the end of the secretory phase
(b) human females only (c) at the beginning of the proliferative
(c) mammalian males other than primates phase
(d) mammalian females other than primates (d) at the end of the proliferative phase
17. Stratum germinativum is an example of 25. If mammalian ovum fails to get fertilized,
which kind of epithelium ? [1997] which one of the following is unlikely ?
(a) Cuboidal (b) Ciliated (a) Corpus luteum will disintegrate [2005]
(c) Columnar (d) Squamous (b) Estrogen secretion further decreases
18. After ovulation, Graafian follicle regresses (c) Primary follicle starts developing
into [1999] (d) Progesterone secretion rapidly declines
(a) corpus luteum (b) corpus callosum 26. Sertoli cells are regulated by the pituitary hor-
(c) corpus albicans (d) corpus atresia mone known as [Pre. 2006]
19. Secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum (a) FSH (b) GH
is initiated by [1999] (c) prolactin (d) LH
(a) thyroxine (b) LH 27. Withdrawal of which of the following hor-
(c) MSH (d) testosterone mones is the immediate cause of menstrua-
20. Which set is similar ? [2001] tion ? [Pre. 2006]
(a) Corpus luteum — Graafian follicle (a) Estrogen (b) FSH
(b) Sebum — Sweat (c) FSH-RH (d) Progesterone
(c) Bundle of His — Pacemaker 28. Which part of ovary in mammals acts as an
(d) Vit-B7 — Niacin endocrine gland after ovulation ? [2007]
21. Mainly which type of hormones control the (a) Graafian follicle (b) Stroma
menstrual cycle in human beings ? [2002] (c) Germinal epithelium
(d) Vitelline membrane
170 Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific
29. In the human female, menstruation can be 33. Given below is a diagrammatic sketch of a
deferred by the administration of [2007] portion of human male reproductive system.
(a) LH only Select the correct set of the names of the parts
labelled A, B, C, D [2009]
(b) combination of FSH and LH
(c) combination of estrogen and progester-
one
(d) FSH only
30. Which one of the following is the correct
matching of the events occurring during
menstrual cycle? [2009]
(a) Development of : Secretory phase and
increased secretion of progesterone
(b) Menstruation: breakdown of myometrium
and ovum not fertilized. (a) A. vas deferens, B. seminal vesicle,
(c) Ovulation : LH and FSH attain peak level C. bulbourethral gland, D. prostate
and sharp fall in the secretion of proges- (b) A. ureter, B. seminal vesicle, C. prostate,
terone. D. bulbourethral gland
(d) Proliferative phase: Rapid regeneration of (c) A. ureter, B. prostate, C. seminal vesicle,
myometrium and maturation of Graafian D. bulbourethral gland
follicle (d) A. vas deferens, B. seminal vesicle,
31. The correct sequence of spermatogenetic C. prostate, D. bulbourethral gland
stages leading to the formation of sperms in 34. Seminal plasma in humans is rich in [2009]
a mature human testis is: [2009]
(a) glucose and certain enzymes but has no
(a) spermatid – spermatocyte – calcium
spermatogonia – sperms (b) fructose and certain enzymes but poor
(b) spermatogonia-spermatid-spermatocyte- in calcium
sperms (c) fructose, calcium and certain enzymes
(c) spermatocyte-spermatogonia-spermatid (d) fructose and calcium but has no enzymes
– sperms
35. Sertoli cells are found in [2010]
(d) spermatogonia – spermatocyte – sperma-
tid – sperms (a) ovaries and secrete progesterone
(b) adrenal cortex and secrete adrenaline
32. Which one of the following is the most likely
(c) seminiferous tubules and provide,
root cause why menstruation is not taking
nutrition to germ cells
place in regularly cycling human female ?
(d) pancreas and secrete cholecystokinin
[2009]
(a) maintenance of high concentration of 36. Vasa efferentia are the ductules leading from
sex-hormones in the blood stream (a) Testicular lobules to rete testis [2010]
(b) retention of well-developed corpus (b) Rete testis to vas deferens
luteum (c) Vas deferens to epididymis
(c) fertilisation of the ovum (d) Epididymis to urethra
(d) maintenance of the hypertrophical 37. Seminal plasma in human males is rich in
endometrial lining.
(a) fructose and calcium [Pre. 2010]
(b) glucose and calcium
Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific 171
(c) DNA and testosterone (b) Secretion of acrosome helps one sperm
(d) ribose and potassium enter cytoplasm of ovum through zona
pellucid
38. The second maturation division of the mam-
(c) All sperms except the one nearest to the
malian ovum occurs [Pre. 2010]
ovum lose their tails
(a) Shortly after ovulation before the ovum (d) Cells of corona radiata trap all the sperm
makes entry into the Fallopian tube except one
(b) Until after the ovum has been penetrated
43. About which day in normal human men-
by a sperm
strual cycle does rapid secretion of LH
(c) Until the nucleus of the sperm has fused (popularly called LH-surge) normally oc-
wilh that of the ovum curs? [Mains 2011]
(d) in the Graafian follicle following the first (a) 11th day (b) 14th day
maturation division
(c) 20th day (d) 5th day
39. Which one of the following statements about 44. If for some reason, the vasa efferentia in the
human sperm is correct? [Pre. 2010] humar reproductive system get blocked, the
(a) Acrosome has a conical pointed structure gametes will not be transported from
used for piercing and penetrating the egg, [Pre. 2011]
resulting in fertilisation (a) Testes to epididymis
(b) The sperm lysins in the acrosome (b) Epididymis to vas deferens
dissolve the egg envelope facilitating (c) Ovary to uterus
fertilisation (d) Vagina to uterus
(c) Acrosome serves as a sensory structure 45. The testes in humans are situated outside
leading the sperm towards the ovum the abdominal cavity inside a pouch called
(d) Acrosome serves no particular function scrotum. The purpose served is for
40. The part of Fallopian tube closest to the ovary [Pre. 2011]
is [Pre. 2010] (a) Maintaining the scrotal temperature
(a) Isthmus lower than the internal body temperature
(b) Infundibulum (b) Escaping any possible compression by
the visceral organs.
(c) Cervix
(c) Providing more space for the growth of
(d) Ampulla
epididymis
41. Secretions from which one of the following (d) Providing a secondary sexual feature for
are rich in fructose, calcium and some en- exhibiting the male sex.
zymes ? [Mains 2010] 46. The figure given below depicts a diagram-
(a) Liver matic sectional view of the female reproduc-
(b) Pancreas tive system of humans. Which one set of three
(c) Salivary glands parts out of I-VI have been correctly identi-
(d) Male accessory glands fied ? [2011]

42. What happens during fertilization in hu-

mans after many sperms reach close to the
ovum? [Mains 2011]
(a) Only two sperms nearest the ovum
penetrate zona pellucida
172 Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific
(a) (II) Endometrium, (III) Infundibulum, (d) High level of circulating HCG to stimu-
(IV) Fimbriae late endometrial thickening
(b) (III) Infundibulum, (IV) Fimbriae, 51. Which one of the following statements is
(V) Cervix false in respect of viability mammalian
(c) (IV) Oviducal funnel, (V) Uterus, sperm [Pre. 2012]
(VI) Cervix (a) Viability of sperm is determined by its
(d) (I) Perimetrium, (II) Myometrium, motility
(III) Fallopian tube (b) Sperm must be concentrated in a thick
47. The secretory phase in the human menstrual suspension
cycle is also called : [Mains 2012] (c) Sperm is viable for only up to 24 hours
(a) Follicular phase lasting for about 6 days (d) Survival of sperm depends on the pH of
(b) Luteal phase and lasts for about 13 days the medium and more active in alkaline
(c) Follicular phase and lasts for about 13 medium
days 52. Meiosis takes place in [2013]
(d) Luteal phase and lasts for about 6 days (a) Meiocyte
48. The Leydig cells as found in the human body (b) Conidia
are the secretory source of [Pre. 2012] (c) Gemmule
(a) glucagon (d) Megaspore
(b) androgens 53. What is the correct sequence of sperm for-
(c) progesterone mation ? [2013]
(d) intestinal mucus (a) Spermatid, spermatocyte, spermatogonia,
49. What is correct to say about the hormone ac- spermatozoa
tion in humans? [Pre. 2012] (b) Spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermato-
(a) In female, FSH first bind with specific zoa, spermatid
receptor on ovarian cell membrane (c) Spermatogonia, spermatozoa, spermato-
(b) FSH stimulates the secretion of estrogen cyte, spermatid
and progesterone (d) Spermatogonia, spermatocyte, sperma-
(c) Glucagon is secreted by B-cells of Islets tid, spermatozoa
of Langerhans and stimulates glyco- 54. Menstruel flow occurs due to lack of [2013]
genolysis
(a) Pnogesterme
(d) Secretion of thymosins is stimulated
(b) FSH
with ageing
(c) Oxytocin
50. In normal pregnant woman, the amount of (d) Vasopressin.
total gonadotropin activity was assessed.
The result expected was [Pre. 2012] 55. The main function of mammalian corpus lu-
teum is to produce [AIPMT 2014]
(a) High levels of FSH and LH in uterus to
stimulate endometrial thickening (a) Estrogen only
(b) High levels of circulating HCG to stimu- (b) Progesterone
late estrogen and progesterone synthe- (c) Human chorionic gonadotropin
sis (d) Relaxin only
(c) High level of circulating FSH and LH in 56. Capacitation refers to changes in the :-
the uterus to stimulate implantation of [AIPMT 2015]
the embryo
Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific 173
(a) Ovum before fertilization 59. Which of the following events is not associ-
(b) Ovum after fertilization ated with ovulation in human female?
(c) Sperm after fertilization [RE-AIPMT 2015]
(d) Sperm before fertilization (a) LH surge
(b) Decrease in estradiol
57. Hysteresctomy is surgical removal of :
[AIPMT 2015] (c) Full development of Graafian follicle
(d) Release of secondary oocyte
(a) Prostate gland
(b) Vas-deference 60. In human females, meiosis-II is not com-
(c) Mammary glands pleted until? [RE-AIPMT 2015]
(d) Uterus (a) birth
(b) puberty
58. Which of the following cells during gameto-
genesis is normally diploid? (c) fertilization
[AIPMT 2015] (d) uterine implantation
(a) Spermatid 61. Which of the following layers in an antral
(b) Spermatogonia follicle is acellular ? [RE-AIPMT 2015]
(c) Secondary polar body (a) Zona pellucida
(d) Primary polar body (b) Granulosa
(c) Theca interna
(d) Stroma

Answers
1 -a 2 -c 3 -c 4 -d 5 -b 6 -b 7 -b 8 -c 9 -a 10 -d
11 -d 12 -a 13 -c 14 -a 15 -b 16 -d 17 -a 18 -a 19 -b 20 -a
21 -c 22 -c 23 -a 24 -d 25 -b 26 -a 27 -d 28 -a 29 -c 30 -a
31 -d 32 -c 33 -d 34 -b 35 -c 36 -b 37 -a 38 -b 39 -b 40 -b
41 -d 42 -b 43 -b 44 -a 45 -a 46 -b 47 -b 48 -b 49 -a 50 –b
51 -c 52 -a 53 -d 54-a 55 -b 56 -d 57 -d 58 -b 59 -b 60 –c
61 -a
174 Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific

25B
HUMAN REPRODUCTION :
HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY

1. Cells become variable in morphology and 7. Amount of yolk and its distribution are
function in different regions of the embryo. changed in the egg. Which one is affected?
The process is [1989] (a) Pattern of cleavage [1993,95]
(a) differentiation (b) Formation of zygote
(b) metamorphosis (c) Number of blastomeres
(c) organization (d) rearrangement (d) Fertilization
2. Human eggs are [1989, 97] 8. Termination of gastrulation is indicated by
(a) alecithal (b) microlecithal (a) obliteration of blastocoel [1993]
(c) mesolecithal (d) macrolecithal (b) obliteration of archenteron
3. During cleavage, what is true about cells? (c) closure of blastopore
[1991] (d) closure of neural tube
(a) Nucleocytoplasmic ratio remains un- 9. In telolecithal egg the yolk is found [1993]
changed
(a) all over the egg (b) on one side
(b) Size does not increase
(c) both the sides (d) at centre
(c) There is less consumption of oxygen
(d) The division is like meiosis 10. What is true about cleavage in fertilized egg
of human? [1994]
4. Blastopore is [1992, 2000] (a) Meroblastic
(a) opening of neural tube (b) Starts when egg reaches uterus
(b) opening of gastrocoel (c) Starts in fallopian tube
(c) future anterior end of embryo (d) It is identical to normal mitosis
(d) found in blastula
11. Extra-embryonic membranes of the mamma-
5. Meroblastic cleavage is division [1992] lian embryo are derived from [1994]
(a) horizontal (b) partial/parietal (a) inner cell mass (b) trophoblast
(c) total (d) spiral (c) formative cells (d) follicle cells
6. Eye lens is formed from [1992] 12. Cleavage in mammalian egg is [2000]
(a) ectoderm (b) mesoderm (a) equal holoblastic
(c) endoderm (d) both (a) and (b) (b) unequal holoblastic
Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific 175
(c) superficial meroblastic (c) reproduction
(d) discoidal meroblastic (d) growth and movement
13. At the time of organogenesis, genes regulate 19. Which extra-embryonic membrane in hu-
the process at different levels and at differ- mans prevents desiccation of the embryo in-
ent time due to [2001] side the uterus?
(a) promoter (b) regulator (a) Chorion (b) Allantois
(c) intron (d) exon (c) Yolk sac (d) Amnion [2008]
14. What is true for cleavage ? [2002] 20. Which one of the following statement is in-
(a) Size of embryo increases correct about menstruation? [2008]
(b) Size of cells decreases (a) During normal menstruation about 40
(c) Size of cells increases mL blood is lost
(d) Size of embryo decreases (b) The menstrual fluid can easily clot
(c) At menopause in the female, there is es-
15. During embryonic development, the estab-
pecially abrupt increase in gonadotropic
lishment of polarity along anterior/ poste-
hormones
rior, dorsal/ventral or medial/lateral axis
is called [2003] (d) The beginning of the cycle of menstrua-
tion is called menarche
(a) anamorphosis
(b) pattern formation 21. Foetal ejection reflex in human female is in-
duced by: [2009]
(c) organizer phenomena
(d) axis formation (a) fully developed foetus and placenta
(b) differentiation of mammary glands
16. Test-tube baby means a baby born when
(c) pressure exerted by amniotic fluid
[2003]
(d) release of oxytocin from pituitary
(a) the ovum is fertilized externally and there
after implanted in the uterus 22. A change in the amount of yolk and its dis-
(b) it develops from a non-fertilized egg tribution in the egg will affect [2009]
(c) it is developed in a test tube (a) Number of blastomeres produced
(d) it is developed through tissue culture (b) Fertilization
method (c) Formation of zygote
17. Gray crescent is the area [2005] (d) Pattern of cleavage

(a) at the point of entry of sperm into ovum 23. The signals for parturition originate from
(b) just opposite to the site of entry of sperm (a) placenta only [Pre. 2010]
into ovum (b) Placenta as well as fully developed
(c) at the animal pole foetus
(d) at the vegetal pole (c) oxytocin released from maternal pituitary
18. The living organisms can be unexceptionally (d) fully developed foetus only
distinguished from the non-living things on 24. The first movements of the foetus and ap-
the basis of their ability for [2007] pearance of hair on its head are usually ob-
(a) responsiveness to touch served during which month of pregnancy?
(b) interaction with the environment and [Pre. 2010]
progressive evolution (a) Fourth month (b) Fifth month
(c) Sixth month (d) Third month
176 Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific
25. In human female the blastocyst (b) Blastocyst Uterine wall
[Mains 2010] (c) 8-celled morula Starting point of Fallo-
(a) gets implanted into uterus 3 days after pian tube
ovulation (d) Late morula Middle part of Fallopian
(b) gets nutrition from uterine endometrial tube
secretion only after implantation 29. The test –tube baby programme employs
(c) gets implanted in endometrium by the which one of the following techniques
trophoblast cells. [Pre. 2012]
(d) forms placenta even before implantation (a) Gamete intra fallopian transfer (GIFT)
26. Signals from fully developed foetus and pla- (b) Zygote intra fallopian transfer (ZIFT)
centa ultimately lead to parturition which (c) Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
requires the release of : [Mains 2010] (d) Intra uterine insemination (IUI)
(a) Oxytocin from maternal pituitary 30. Signals for parturition originate from
(b) Oxytocin from foetal pituitary [Pre. 2012]
(c) Relaxin from placenta (a) Placenta only
(d) Estrogen from placenta (b) Fully developed foetus only
(c) Both placenta as well as fully developed
27. The technique called gamete intrafallopian
foetus
transfer (GIFT) is recommended for those fe-
(d) Oxytocin released from maternal
males : [Mains 2011]
pituitary
(a) who cannot provide suitable environ-
31. Which one of the following is not the func-
ment for fertilization
tion of placenta ? it : [2013]
(b) who cannot produce an ovum
(a) Facilitates supply of oxygen and nutri-
(c) who cannot retain the foetus inside
ents to embryo
uterus
(b) Secretes estrogen
(d) whose cervical canal is too narrow to
(c) Facilitates removal of carbon dioxide and
allow passage for the sperms
waste material from embryo
28. Identify the human development stage (d) Secretes oxytocin during parturition
shown below as well as the related right
32. Artificial insemination means : [2013]
place of its occurrence in a normal pregnant
(a) transfer of sperms of a healthy donor to a
women and select the right option for the
test tube containing ova
two together – [Mains 2012]
(b) transfer of sperms of husband to a test
tube containing ova
(c) artificial introduction of sperms of a
healthy donor into the vagina
(d) introduction of sperms of a healthy donor
directly into the ovary
33. Select the correct option describing gonadot-
ropin activity in a normal pregnant female -
Developmental Site of occurrence
[AIPMT 2014]
stage
(a) High level of FSH and LH stimulates the
(a) Blastula End part of Fallopian
thickening of endometrium
tube
Trueman’s AIPMT Biology Rebooster Specific 177
(b) High level of FSH and LH facilitate (c) Release of prolactin
implantation of the embryo (d) Increase in estrogen and progesterone
(c) High level of hCG stimulates the ratio
synthesis of estrogen and progesterone
35. Ectopic pregnancies are referred to as :
(d) High level of hCG stimulates the [RE-AIPMT 2015]
thickening of endometrium
(a) Pregnancies terminated due to hormonal
34. Which of these is not an important compo- imbalance
nent of initiation of parturition in humans ? (b) Pregnancies with genetic abnormality.
[AIPMT 2015] (c) Implantation of embryo at site other than
(a) Synthesis of prostaglandins uterus.
(b) Release of oxytocin (d) Implantation of defective embryo in the
uterus

Answers
1 -a 2 -a 3 -b 4 -b 5 -b 6 -a 7 -a 8 -a 9 -b 10 -c
11 -b 12 -b 13 -b 14 -b 15 -d 16 -a 17 -b 18 -c 19 -d 20 -b
21 -a 22 -d 23 -b 24 -a 25 -c 26 -a 27 -b 28 -b 29 -b 30 -c
31 -d 32 -c 33 -c 34 -c 35 -c