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Part -A
4Deliuquoup and semi- qrous
Let (a, *) te am algbic systm uth * hinany
chonatien Then , Ca, )ja cad a qo4s Thu folLng
axim hald :
) ClesuA law beG
Sodentity elesmemt Then ecit an elesmert e
e u c h hat
Qe
Si) Assacatie lawi e a,b, c e tenax Cby c) = (ab) kC
*C.
Cv) tuse elemnent: fn each aEGte exnts an elennent
a en Cou inuens a) uch that aka at
Let S be an nen -enapty st tegtur uita a hinasy sjenatin
dplonsd en S Then, tu algebiic tuctuu (s.*)
JR calo a simigzauh
Aatialied
Le, Q b eS.
) Assaciatiua laus Thl binay openatien
es.
2
Tha statinnal nbea Q fined by axb= ab/y fer
al abtQ Deturnu suhethu opeatin
(a) Conuutatie cb) Arsociatie
a) CewutatuL
Ohenatien cEmncatuue
a b = b7a
and b* a = bq = ab
Cenyeund ond he by
id prapeitieni
becan tue any Diuuntieni
T
cnjnin sapeants Qnd
pa SymbellcalypA
a ad propaitien
inal cenymcticn
The o u catd actualy is
. prepeiitien
Thi caltdcempoum poepeitien
ceate uecan Them uord ti by
sd be
pefpezitiona
cam tue anyand Cenjnctim:
ietienanddijnctin
a tuth aith Deliw
3.
ohatie The
16 16
abe
abe
a
(b*C) ya amdl
aLkoclatiu Chenatien
Assaciatue b)
a by axb Sinc
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NO. PAGE
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tun ti peeapaitlen caued the
Tuth table
what s cenditignal and bicenditienalstatesnerrts 2
Cenditienmal Statemnts i
4p them cald a cenditlonal stamint.
andq callud
Thu stadenuatd pi callhd ante teclmt aas
the cem ditienal p i falie cthaise p’qs tru
Tuthtade P P
iA_
Statenmenut statemd hefam pand
Bicenditiannal
called a biconditienal atatement , EÀ
y q'
Tuth table
aé
Q
zino
xcluudkang nsberd atinal
idntity
elta Thu naume
1
aea
e
elesmt i dentity i)
fa
nutipicatien
hola Ausaciatiuitya Asaciatiu )
Thwtsfou
n
cpenatien binany uith
xcludne
Ao nubeA natisnal st tntnat
abelianges pre T6
faru
an nutiblicatien openotion knay uith
exclucng
zo numbeu ational ofset the [Link]
-BPart
centigency calid
a cmtadictin
Logy tato netnaa thatprapeaitin Ctntigncy
Variables
tabe
n caldPlpug)0 A
proporitiern Ctacictienn:
Tautalegy callad pepaiitiea
a Uch
ns Ti ie Teoy cetain tabler tuth Tin
n. atalegy
nd
centtigny? logycertnadictiem taut Llhati
5.
DATE:
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cv) Cemuttiue: tiblicatien cAnAtatiue farseal
a b = b¥ a
ecam cenclude that
bmany of exotien ptijpliatien form
Ccenmnutative)gauss
Shew tnat me prapeaitieni pq, amd Cn p q a
ogicaly equiraet
Tuthtable
T T
T
T
4T
th thble
T
T
T
pama q a e tue
tuth table That
Shew by
centadictien
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ail ale i last
for certtracictionauu tatemtrts
(paq) (ap Vw)
T
T
T T
Htasct, (paq) (mpy n) i condradiction
P
(PANa)^(p»a)
T T
T T
T
Henca, pawa)a(pq) i centnadlctien.
Pat -C.
Chis Tu st a aticnals tvapt-bnay sheratiPn
a b = Qth abshow that
) ClosUu ket a,beo tatienal
atb+ab
4 ath t ab = -
atb+abtl=O
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aab)+ (bt) -o
a(tb) (itb) =o
(tb) Cat) =0
But
peLe asociatiw ul aa to prou
QCbxc)=
b* C = b+ c +bc = Xlet)
pt vae
a Gb*c) Q tb tethcit abtac tab c
RHS arb)* C
atbt ab =Ylet)
Y*C =
(ab)C = (o4 bt ab)+c a b4 ab)c
lo b) C = atb ab+ct act bc t abc
hau to preu that he
eeoRchthat
ate+aea
etae =0
eC14a) =0
e =o
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hatthe
elemunt Buch hat 0 a a y a =e
Qa=e
at
a a ) =o
a 4 a) = - a
(1+a)
(I4 ay
binay openatien
grou
2 Constuct tructh table fer each a thu folleng
prepesitiens.
(pva)A CPV)
()
’ (Py) ACPVS)
P PVh
(eva)n(PV)
FH T
T T T
T T
T T T
T T T T
T F
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P
(Pn(pA)CNpy w)N(Phq) a(Npv NY)
T
T T T T T
T T T T T
T T T T
Shew by tutn tables that the
teuouing fennauuar a
tauto logiu
) (P’) CNPV) Gi) ((p4)a (q’))’ (p)
> cis(Pv) G(NP v )
P
(Pa) (NPVa)
T T
T
T T T T T
T T
) Cp’q)a(a’r)) ’ (P ’)
TT T T T
TTf T T
T T
T T T T T
T T T T
fFT T T T T
T T T
Tf T T
((pq)^ ( ’)’ (p’r)