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Understanding Connectors: Cause, Result, Purpose, Contrast

The document outlines various connectors used in English to express cause/reason, result, purpose, and contrast. It provides examples and structures for each type of connector, such as 'because', 'so', 'to', and 'although'. Additionally, it highlights the formality of certain phrases and offers alternatives for expressing similar ideas.

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6 views3 pages

Understanding Connectors: Cause, Result, Purpose, Contrast

The document outlines various connectors used in English to express cause/reason, result, purpose, and contrast. It provides examples and structures for each type of connector, such as 'because', 'so', 'to', and 'although'. Additionally, it highlights the formality of certain phrases and offers alternatives for expressing similar ideas.

Uploaded by

a13865
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CONNECTORS

CAUSE/REASON,
RESULT, PURPOSE,

CONTRAST

 CAUSE/REASON:

My flight was delayed because the weather was bad.

 RESULT:

The weather was bad so my flight was delayed.

 PURPOSE:

Stuart phoned me to invite me to his birthday party.

 CONTRAST:

The car is old but it is still reliable.

CAUSE/REASON

 because / since / as + clause


My flight was delayed because/as/since
the weather was bad.
As is often used at the beginning: As the weather was bad, my flight was
delayed

Since is more formal

 because of /due to /owing to + noun


My flight was delayed because of/due
to/owing to the bad weather.
Due to and owing to are more formal

RESULT
 so
The weather was bad so my flight was
delayed.

 Consequently, / As a result, /
Therefore,
The weather was bad. Consequently,/As a
result,/Therefore, my flight was delayed.

RESULT

 so + adjective/adverb + that
The storm was so terrible that the roofs
were ripped off.
 such + (a) + adjective + noun
It was such a boring film that I fell
asleep.
They were such working people that
they soon got promoted.

PURPOSE

 to / in order (not) to / so as (not) to +


infinitive
He went to London to/in order to/so as to learn
English.
He came in the room very quietly so as not to/in
order not to wake me up.

 so (that) + clause
He came in the room very quietly so (that) he
didn’t wake me up.

CONTRAST

 Although + clause
Although he was ill, he went to work
Even though (more formal) & Though (more informal) are other options
for although
 Despite / In spite of + ing
Despite being ill, he went to work.

+ noun

Despite his illness, he went to work.

+ the fact that + clause


Despite the fact that he was ill, he went to work.

CONTRAST

 but
He was ill but he went to work.
 Yet
He was ill, yet he went to work.

Yet is more formal/literary

 However, / Nevertheless,
He was ill. However,/Nevertheless, he
went to work.

Nevertheless is more formal

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