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PHP Functions, Classes, and Forms Guide

The document provides an overview of PHP programming concepts, including functions, classes, objects, and forms. It explains function definitions, parameter types, variable scope, recursion, and built-in functions, along with string manipulation and object-oriented programming. Additionally, it demonstrates how to create forms for user interaction in PHP.

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unicornsudeesh
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9 views5 pages

PHP Functions, Classes, and Forms Guide

The document provides an overview of PHP programming concepts, including functions, classes, objects, and forms. It explains function definitions, parameter types, variable scope, recursion, and built-in functions, along with string manipulation and object-oriented programming. Additionally, it demonstrates how to create forms for user interaction in PHP.

Uploaded by

unicornsudeesh
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Using Functions, Classes, Objects, and Forms in

PHP

Functions in PHP
Functions in PHP help in reusability and modularity.
1. Function Definition & Invocation
<?php
function greet($name) {
return "Hello, $name!";
}

echo greet("Anmol"); // Output: Hello, Anmol!


?>

2. Formal vs Actual Parameters


 Formal Parameters: Parameters in function
definition.
 Actual Parameters: Values passed when calling
the function.
<?php
function add($a, $b) { // $a and $b are formal
parameters
return $a + $b;
}

echo add(5, 10); // 5 and 10 are actual


parameters
?>
3. Function and Variable Scope
 Global Scope: Declared outside functions.
 Local Scope: Declared inside functions.
 Static Variables: Retains value across function
calls.
<?php
$globalVar = 10; // Global Scope

function testScope() {
global $globalVar; // Access global
variable
echo "Global Variable: $globalVar\n";

static $counter = 0; // Static Variable


$counter++;
echo "Counter: $counter\n";
}

testScope();
testScope();
?>

4. Recursion in PHP
A function calling itself.
<?php
function factorial($n) {
if ($n <= 1) return 1;
return $n * factorial($n - 1);
}
echo factorial(5); // Output: 120
?>

5. Library Functions (Built-in)


Examples: strlen(), date(), strtolower(), rand(),
etc.
<?php
echo "Random Number: " . rand(1, 100) . "\n";
echo "Current Date: " . date("Y-m-d");
?>

Date and Time Functions


PHP provides built-in functions for handling date and
time.
<?php
echo "Current Date: " . date("Y-m-d H:i:s") .
"\n";
echo "Day of the Week: " . date("l") . "\n";
?>

Strings in PHP
1. Creating and Declaring Strings
<?php
$str1 = "Hello, PHP!";
$str2 = 'Single-quoted String';
echo $str1 . "\n" . $str2;
?>
2. String Functions
<?php
echo strlen("Hello"); // Output: 5
echo strtoupper("hello"); // Output: HELLO
echo str_replace("World", "Anmol", "Hello
World"); // Output: Hello Anmol
?>

Classes & Objects in PHP


PHP is an Object-Oriented language.
1. Creating a Class & Object
<?php
class Car {
public $brand;

function setBrand($name) {
$this->brand = $name;
}

function getBrand() {
return $this->brand;
}
}

$car1 = new Car();


$car1->setBrand("Toyota");
echo $car1->getBrand(); // Output: Toyota
?>

Forms in PHP
Forms allow user interaction.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<form method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="username">
<input type="submit">
</form>

<?php
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
$name = $_POST["username"];
echo "Hello, " . htmlspecialchars($name);
}
?>

</body>
</html>

Do you need any specific examples or explanations? 🚀

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