A

Project Report
On

“IOT BASED HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM”

Submitted By:
Mr. PRANIT BALASAHEB BHANDE 429
Mr. SATYAM SAMBHAJI SHINDE 430
Mr. OMKAR RAVINDRA SAPKAL 434
Mr. ABHIJEET BABASAHEB SALUNKHE 435

Under the Guidance of:

Prof. P. B. PATIL

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS (PW),

WALCHAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SANGLI.
2021-2022
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. /Ms. PRANIT, SATYAM, OMKAR,

ABHIJEET From Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli Institute
having Enrollment No 1900090095, 1900090120, 1900090124,
1900090194 has completed project of final year having title IoT
Based Health Monitoring System during the academic year 2021-22.
The project completed by in group consisting of 4 persons under the
guidance of faculty guide.

Name & Signature of Guide

Prof. P.B. Patil sir
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am pleased to present this project report on “IoT Based Health
Monitoring System” to my college as part of academic activity. I would like to
express my deep sense of gratitude to my guide Prof. P.B. Patil sir for his
valuable guidance, encouragement and kind cooperation throughout the project
work. I feel proud to present my project under his guidance.

I am thankful to Dr. A. A. Agashe sir, Prof. P.B. Patil sir, Dr. V. V.

Sulakhe sir and Prof. N. S. Narayankar sir for their encouragement and
support. I am also thankful to all the teaching staff and non-teaching staff for
their cooperation to complete my project work.

Last but not least I am very thankful to my entire friend and those who
helped me directly and indirectly throughout this project work.

Mr. PRANIT BALASAHEB BHANDE

Mr. SATYAM SAMBHAJI SHINDE
Mr. OMKAR RAVINDRA SAPKAL
Mr. ABHIJEET BABASAHEB SALUNKHE
 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Name of the Topic Page No.

1. Acknowledgement
2. Abstract
3. Introduction
4. Literature survey
5. Scope of the project
6. Methodology
7. Details of design, working, and processes
8. Results and Applications
9. Conclusion and Future scope
10. References and Bibliography
11. Evaluation sheet for Internal Assessment
ABSTRACT:

We live in a world of technological advancement. New technologies emerge each and every day to

make our life simpler. With tons of new healthcare technology start-ups, IoT is rapidly

revolutionizing the healthcare industry. In this project, we have designed the IoT Based Patient

Health Monitoring System using ESP8266 & Arduino.

The IoT platform used in this project is Thing Speak. Thing Speak is an open-source Internet of

Things (IoT) application and API to store and retrieve data from things using the HTTP protocol

over the Internet or via a Local Area Network. This IoT device could read the pulse rate and

measure the surrounding temperature. It continuously monitors the pulse rate and surrounding

temperature and updates them to an IoT platform.

The Arduino Sketch running over the device implements the various functionalities of the project

like reading sensor data, converting them into strings, passing them to the IoT platform, and

displaying measured pulse rate and temperature on character LCD.

We are going to make IoT BPM Monitoring on Thing Speak using Pulse Sensor, ESP8266 &

Arduino. The device will detect the pulse rate using the Pulse Sensor and will show the readings in

BPM (Beats Per Minute) on the LCD display. It will send the readings to the Thing Speak server

via the Wi-Fi module ESP8266. This will help us to monitor the heartbeat via the Internet from any

part of the world.

Thing Speak is an open-source Internet of Things (IoT) application and API to store and retrieve

data from things using the HTTP protocol over the Internet or via a Local Area Network.
1. INTRODUCTION OF IOT BASED HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM:

1.1 Introduction to IOT:

The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital
machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the
ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.

A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with
a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure
is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an Internet Protocol (IP)
address and is able to transfer data over a network.

Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently,
better understand customers to deliver enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and
increase the value of the business.

An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such as
processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data they acquire from
their environments. IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by connecting to an IoT
gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud to be analysed or analysed
locally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with other related devices and act on the
information they get from one another.
 1.2 Introduction to Working of Health Monitoring System:

This project presents the development of patient monitoring system for two primary vital signs of
body temperature and respiratory rate. The monitoring system was implemented in IoT platform
and designed using Arduino UNO and ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module. Two sensor's modules used to
determine pulse and temperature. The purposes of this project are to design patient monitoring
system that can detect the vital signs level and also displayed the results wirelessly through Thing
speak website.

This project would minimize the work load for nurses in hospital and provide much convenient
method in monitoring status of each vital signs for every patient in the ward. Conventional method
which requires nurse to visit every patient to record vital signs measurement is time consuming.
With this system, nurses can monitor the patient status through android apps installed into any
android device. Nurses or doctors can also review the previous vital sign status by downloading the
data from the cloud in the excel format. Comparison on the two vital signs level obtained from this
system with standard measurement equipment or manual observation shown almost similar results.
2) Hardware Description:

2.1 Arduino:
• Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board, developed by [Link], based on the
Atmega328 microcontroller and is marked as the first Arduino board developed (UNO
means “one” in Italian).
• The software used for writing, compiling & uploading code to Arduino boards is
called Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment), which is free to download
from Arduino Official Site.

• It has an operating voltage of 5V while the input voltage may vary from 7V to 12V.
• Arduino UNO has a maximum current rating of 40mA, so the load shouldn’t exceed this
current rating or you may harm the board.
• It comes with a crystal oscillator of 16MHz, which is its operating frequency.
• Arduino Uno Pinout consists of 14 digital pins starting from D0 to D13.
• It also has 6 analog pins starting from A0 to A5.
• It also has 1 Reset Pin, which is used to reset the board programmatically. In order to
reset the board, we need to make this pin LOW.
• It also has 6 Power Pins, which provide different voltage levels.
• Out of 14 digital pins, 6 pins are used for generating PWM pulses of 8-Bit resolution.
PWM pins in Arduino UNO are D3, D5, D6, D9, D10 and D11.
• Arduino UNO comes with 3 types of memories associated with it, named:
o Flash Memory: 32KB
o SRAM: 2KB
o EEPROM: 1KB
2.2 Description of other components:
Pulse Sensor:
• The Pulse Sensor is a plug-and-play heart-rate sensor for Arduino. It can be used by
students, artists, athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want to easily
incorporate live heart-rate data into their projects. The essence is an integrated optical
amplifying circuit and noise eliminating circuit sensor.

• Clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or fingertip and plug it into your Arduino. You are
now ready to read heart rate. Also, it has an Arduino demo code that makes it easy to
use.
• The pulse sensor has three pins: VCC, GND & Analog Pin.
• There is an LED at the center of this sensor module which helps in detecting
the heartbeat. Below the LED, there is a noise elimination circuitry that keeps away the
noise from affecting the readings.
 ESP8266:
• The ESP8266 is a very user-friendly and low-cost device to provide internet connectivity
to your projects. The module can easily fetch data and upload it to the internet. It can
also fetch data from the internet using API’s hence your project could access any
information that is available on the internet, thus making it smarter. Another exciting
feature of this module is that you can program it using the Arduino IDE.

• The ESP8266 module works with 3.3V only. Anything more than 3.7V would kill the
module. Hence be cautious with your circuits. Here is its pins description.
• Pin1: Ground : Connected to the ground of the circuit
Pin2: Tx/GPIO – 1 : Connected to Rx pin of programmer/uC to upload program
Pin3: GPIO – 2 : General purpose Input/output pin
Pin4: CH_EN : Chip Enable/Active high
Pin5: Flash/GPIO – 0 : General purpose Input/output pin
Pin6: Reset : Resets the module
Pin7: RX/GPIO–3: General purpose Input/output pin
Pin 8 : Vcc : Connect to +3.3V only
2.3 Website Description:

Thing Speak provides a very good tool for IoT based projects. By using the Thing Speak site, we

can monitor our data and control our system over the Internet, using the Channels and web pages

provided by Thing Speak. So first you need to sign up for Thing Speak. So

visit [Link] and create an account.

Then create a new channel and set up what you want. The tutorial in the video below. Follow the

video for more clarification. Then create the API keys. This key is required for programming

modifications and setting your data.

Then upload the code to the Arduino UNO by assembling the circuit shown above. Open the serial

monitor and it will automatically connect to Wi-Fi and set up everything.

Now click on channels so that you can see the online data streaming, i.e IoT Based Patient Health

Monitoring System using ESP8266 & Arduino as shown in the figure here.
3. Literature survey

The patient monitoring systems is divided into several types for hardware designs which are inputs,
controller and outputs which involving several important types such as analog temperature sensors,
LM35, Arduino UNO, LCD display and ESP8266 module wi-fi.

[Link] 1

The inputs that has been used are temperature sensors and a Pulse sensor. One Analog temperature
type LM35 are used to detect temperature sensor and Pulse Sensor for sensing pulse. The system is
implemented using the combination of hardware components. All the hardware components are
assembled in the implementation phase. The connection diagram of the developed system is
demonstrated in Fig.1.
All the sensors are connected with ESP32 using physical pins. ESP32 is used as a processing device
as it has a built-in Wi-Fi module. For all sensors, the Vcc and GND are connected with the Vcc and
GND pin of ESP8266. In the case of heart beat sensor, the signal pin is connected with D26 pin of
ESP32. The data pin of LM35 is mapped with D35 pin of microcontroller (ESP32).
These are the case with a specific patient. For room condition monitoring, the data pin of DHT11 is
linked with ESP32’s D14 pin. In the implementation, DHT11 is only considered for room humidity
measurement. The digital out pin of MQ-9 and MQ-135 are connected with D27 and D34 of
ESP32, respectively, for the measurement of toxic gases in room environment.

The user prototype is depicted in Figure where the system is tested with one user. From Figure it
can be shown that the hand of one user is attached with body temperature sensor (LM35) and the
data are displayed in the web server.
 4) Scope of the project
The Internet of Things (IoT) Healthcare market was valued at USD 28.42 Billion in 2015 and is
projected to reach USD 337.41 billion by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 28.2% over the forecast
period.

Even though the healthcare industry was slower in the initial phase to adopt the Internet of Things
technologies as compared to other industries but the new sensation Internet of Medical Things
(IoMT) is a game-changer. It is poised to transform how to keep people safe and healthy that too in
a cost-efficient way. All these things showing the overall future scope of IoT in the Healthcare
domain.
The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is an amalgamation of medical devices and mobile
applications connecting healthcare information technology systems via network technologies. The
technology can reduce unnecessary hospital visits along with lessening the burden on health care
systems by connecting patients to their physicians and doctors while allowing the transfer of
medical data that too over a secure network.
Report by Frost & Sullivan analysis, the global IoT market was worth $22.5 billion in 2016 and is
expected to reach $72.02 billion by 2021, at a compound annual growth rate of 26.2%.
Offering great help to the healthcare domain, the IoMT market is filled with smart devices like
wearables, medical/vital monitors for health care use on the body, in the home, community, clinic
or hospital settings while associating real-time location, telehealth, and other services.

2) Methodology
1. Requirement and analysis of project
2. Designed the Required Hardware
3. Implementation of the Hardware
4. Evaluation of the Hardware
5. Result verification
6. Prepare the project report with suitable formatting.
 3) Details of design:

Hardware Building:
The inputs that has been used are temperature sensors and a Pulse sensor. One Analog temperature
type LM35 are used to detect temperature sensor and Pulse Sensor for sensing pulse. The system is
implemented using the combination of hardware components. All the hardware components are
assembled in the implementation phase. The circuit diagram of the developed system is
demonstrated in Fig.

All the sensors are connected with ESP8266 using physical pins. ESP8266 is used as a processing
device as it has a built-in Wi-Fi module. For all sensors, the Vcc and GND are connected with
the Vcc and GND pin of ESP8266. In the case of heart beat sensor, the signal pin is connected with
D26 pin of ESP8266. The data pin of LM35 is mapped with D35 pin of microcontroller (ESP32).
These are the case with a specific patient. For room condition monitoring, the data pin of DHT11 is
linked with ESP8266 D14 pin. In the implementation, DHT11 is only considered for room
humidity measurement.
Website Setting:
Thing Speak provides a very good tool for IoT based projects. By using the Thing Speak site, we

can monitor our data and control our system over the Internet, using the Channels and web pages

provided by Thing Speak. So first you need to sign up for Thing Speak.

Then create a new channel and set up what you want. The tutorial in the video below. Follow the

video for more clarification. Then create the API keys. This key is required for programming

modifications and setting your data.

Then upload the code to the Arduino UNO by assembling the circuit shown above. Open the serial

monitor and it will automatically connect to Wi-Fi and set up everything. Now click on channels so

that you can see the online data streaming, i.e IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring System using

ESP8266 & Arduino as shown in the figure here.

4) Results and Application

The system consists of two parts: the hardware and the mobile application. Both parts are essential
for the system, and users can obtain results from both. This system was built by the circuit diagram
and flow chart as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Figure 18 shows the system prototype. Here, the
Arduino Uno, LCD display, buzzer, pulse sensor, temperature sensor, node MCU, and Bluetooth
module were added to implement the system. In the display of the system, the measured pulse rate,
SpO2 level, and body temperature are shown; if the measured pulse rate and SpO2 level go out of
range, the buzzer rings. This system prototype is simple and easy to use. It may be easily moved
from one location to another because it is a lightweight prototype. Because all of the components
are precisely positioned, the overall result is satisfactory.

After examining the system separately, it was observed that the system worked adequately.
This means that the system design and implementation process for the project were correct;
thus, the user’s data were satisfactorily measured. The full system has two combined main
parts. Through this system, users can obtain measured values of their vital signs through the
mobile application as well as the LCD of the system.
The system was tested on a real human test subject. Figure 19 shows the user experience and
measured values of vital signs for the user. The LCD and mobile applications show the measured
heart rate, SpO2, and temperature, in which the user can see the displayed results from the system.
This system passes the data to a mobile application, which is one of its crucial parts. Through this
device, users can obtain the required results through a mobile application; thus, this method is user-
friendly and convenient. The system worked successfully. Figure 20 shows the measured values of
SpO2, pulse rate, and temperature of the user. It is an important interface for mobile applications
because it provides the main results of the system. All sensors worked satisfactorily.

5) Conclusion and Future scope

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global health crisis as thousands of people die from the
disease every day. The fatality rate can be minimized if proper treatment is administered at the right
time. Various steps, including regular monitoring of pulse rate, SpO2 level, and temperature, have
been taken to ensure proper treatment. However, the oxygen level of a COVID-19 patient decreases
with time, and the patient can die shortly if emergency steps are not taken. Considering the
abovementioned facts, an IoT-based smart health monitoring system was developed for COVID-19
patients. The system runs through an IoT-based mobile application, and both the doctor and the
patient can receive alerts from this system during emergencies. Therefore, individuals can use this
system effectively anywhere. Advanced features can be added in the future because the entire
system is IoT-based.
 Moreover, this study broadly explores the components utilized within the system and the
usefulness of each component. It provides a list of strategies that can be actualized to plan
this system. From the beginning of the development of this system, we aimed to develop a
well-organized application-based device that could be used in the current pandemic.
COVID-19 patients and people enduring numerous other infections like chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma can use this gadget. The system is cost-effective,
non-invasive, and versatile in nature, which makes it easier to screen patients’ well-being
regardless of where they are. Additionally, it provides real-time alerts to concerned
individuals and medical experts about any circumstance that requires prompt consideration.

6) References and Bibliography

• T. S. Arulananth and B. Shilpa, “Fingertip based heart beat monitoring system using
embedded systems,” in Proc. International conference of Electronics, Communication and
Aerospace Technology (ICECA), pp. 227–230, Coimbatore, India, 2017.

• M. M. Khan, “IoT based smart healthcare services for rural unprivileged people in
Bangladesh: current situation and challenges,” in 1st International Electronic Conference on
Applied Science, MDPI, pp. 1–6, Switzerland, 2020.

• V. Tamilselvi, S. Sribalaji, P. Vigneshwaran, P. Vinu, and J. Geetha Ramani, “IoT based

health monitoring system,,” in 2020 6th International Conference on Advanced Computing
and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, India, 2020.
PROGRESSIVE ASSESMENT (PA) OF CAPSTONE PROJECT -
EXECUTION AND REPORT WRITING

Evaluation Sheet for Internal Assessment

Name of Student: PRANIT BALASAHEB BHANDE.
Enrollment No.: 1900090089
Name of Programme: Industrial Electronics.
Semester: Sixth
Course Title: Capstone Project: Execution and Report writing.
Code: 22060
Title of Capstone Project: IoT Based Health Monitoring System
[Link] addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
POs)
i) Develop and maintain Arduino based systems.
j) To develop creative planning & decision-making skills.
N. Cos addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
Cos)
i) Write the problem specification in the existing system related to the project.
j) Select and use information to solve the problem.
O. OTHER LEARNING OUTCOMES ACHIEVED THROUGH THIS
PROJECT
1. Unit Outcome (Cognitive Domain)
i) Use of Arduino for the given application.
j) Describe with sketch of given I/O devices.
2. Practical Outcomes (in psychomotor domain)
a) Interface Arduino to design of automatic DC fan.
b) Write Arduino program for the given project.
3. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) Follow safe working practice.
b) Practice good temperature control of devices.
c) Maintain tools and equipment.
PROGRESSIVE ASSESMENT (PA) OF CAPSTONE PROJECT -
EXECUTION AND REPORT WRITING

Evaluation Sheet for Internal Assessment

Name of Student: SATYAM SAMBHAJI SHINDE.
Enrollment No.: 1900090120
Name of Programme: Industrial Electronics.
Semester: Sixth
Course Title: Capstone Project: Execution and Report writing.
Code: 22060
Title of Capstone Project: IoT Based Health Monitoring System
[Link] addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
POs)
i) Develop and maintain Arduino based systems.
j) To develop creative planning & decision-making skills.
N. Cos addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
Cos)
i) Write the problem specification in the existing system related to the project.
j) Select and use information to solve the problem.
O. OTHER LEARNING OUTCOMES ACHIEVED THROUGH THIS
PROJECT
1. Unit Outcome (Cognitive Domain)
i) Use of Arduino for the given application.
j) Describe with sketch of given I/O devices.
2. Practical Outcomes (in psychomotor domain)
a) Interface Arduino to design of automatic DC fan.
b) Write Arduino program for the given project.
3. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) Follow safe working practice.
b) Practice good temperature control of devices.
c) Maintain tools and equipment.
PROGRESSIVE ASSESMENT (PA) OF CAPSTONE PROJECT -
EXECUTION AND REPORT WRITING

Evaluation Sheet for Internal Assessment

Name of Student: OMKAR RAVINDRA SAPKAL.
Enrollment No.: 1900090124
Name of Programme: Industrial Electronics.
Semester: Sixth
Course Title: Capstone Project: Execution and Report writing.
Code: 22060
Title of Capstone Project: IoT Based Health Monitoring System
[Link] addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
POs)
i) Develop and maintain Arduino based systems.
j) To develop creative planning & decision-making skills.
N. Cos addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
Cos)
i) Write the problem specification in the existing system related to the project.
j) Select and use information to solve the problem.
O. OTHER LEARNING OUTCOMES ACHIEVED THROUGH THIS
PROJECT
1. Unit Outcome (Cognitive Domain)
i) Use of Arduino for the given application.
j) Describe with sketch of given I/O devices.
2. Practical Outcomes (in psychomotor domain)
a) Interface Arduino to design of automatic DC fan.
b) Write Arduino program for the given project.
3. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) Follow safe working practice.
b) Practice good temperature control of devices.
c) Maintain tools and equipment.
PROGRESSIVE ASSESMENT (PA) OF CAPSTONE PROJECT -
EXECUTION AND REPORT WRITING

Evaluation Sheet for Internal Assessment

Name of Student: ABHIJEET BABASAHEB SALUNKHE.
Enrollment No.: 1900090194
Name of Programme: Industrial Electronics.
Semester: Sixth
Course Title: Capstone Project: Execution and Report writing.
Code: 22060
Title of Capstone Project: IoT Based Health Monitoring System
AND MONITORING WITH ARDUINO
[Link] addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
POs)
i) Develop and maintain Arduino based systems.
j) To develop creative planning & decision-making skills.
N. Cos addressed by the Capstone Project (Mention only those predominant
Cos)
i) Write the problem specification in the existing system related to the project.
j) Select and use information to solve the problem.
O. OTHER LEARNING OUTCOMES ACHIEVED THROUGH THIS
PROJECT
1. Unit Outcome (Cognitive Domain)
i) Use of Arduino for the given application.
j) Describe with sketch of given I/O devices.
2. Practical Outcomes (in psychomotor domain)
a) Interface Arduino to design of automatic DC fan.
b) Write Arduino program for the given project.
3. Affective Domain Outcomes
a) Follow safe working practice.
b) Practice good temperature control of devices.
c) Maintain tools and equipment.
 Logbook of Project

Semester – V

Week No.1 Week No.2 Week No.3 Week No.4

Project Topic Project materials Finalizing Information &
Activities Searching project topic source
planned Gathering

Searched the Searched theProject Topic Collected

Activities Project Topic Project Materials Finalized Required
executed Information
from Source

Reason for
delay if any - - - -

Corrective
measures
adopted - - - -

Remark
and
Signature
of Guide
 Week No.5 Week No.6 Week No.7 Week No.8
Finding Finalizing all Preparing Presenting
Activities required Suitable Synopsis final synopsis
planned components Components to guide.

Found Finalized all Prepared Presented

Activities Required Suitable Synopsis Final Synopsis
executed Components Components to Project
Guide

Reason for
delay if any - - - -

Corrective
measures
adopted - - - -

Remark
and
Signature
of Guide
 Semester – VI

Week No.1 Week No.2 Week No.3 Week No.4

Finding Purchasing all Finalizing of Installing the
Activities available Components required project final program
planned components Online & Offline code for CPP. in Arduino
UNO R3
Found Purchased all Finalized Installed the
Activities Available Components Required Final Program
executed Components Online & Offline Project Code in Arduino
for CPP. UNO R3

Reason for
delay if any - - - -

Corrective
measures
adopted - - - -

Remark
and
Signature
of Guide
 Week No.5 Week No.6 Week No.7 Week No.8
Assembling of Troubleshooting Preparing Submitting the
Activities Project of Project Project Report Final Project
planned Hardware Hardware to the assigned
Guide
Assembled Troubleshooted Prepared the Submitted the
Activities Project the Project Project Report Final Project
executed Hardware Hardware to the assigned
Guide

Reason for
delay if any - - - -

Corrective
measures
adopted - - - -

Remark
and
Signature
of Guide