Group 9 & 10(Math reporting)
Topic
Patterns in Nature
● What are patterns?
In math, a pattern is defined as a sequence of repeating objects, shapes or numbers. We can
relate a pattern to any type of event or object. A pattern has a rule that tells us which objects
belong to the pattern and which objects do not belong to the pattern.
● Patterns in Nature
Patterns in nature are visible regularities of form found in the natural world. These patterns recur
in different contexts and can sometimes be modelled mathematically. Natural patterns include
symmetries, trees, spirals, meanders, waves, foams, tessellations, cracks and stripes.
Fractals
What is needed
● Explain what fractals is
○ It is a curve or geometric figure, each part of which has the same statistical
character as the whole.
○ A fractal is characterized by its self replicating nature
○ Also characterized by having an infinite parameter, yet a finite area
● Examples
○ Sierpenski triangle
○ Koch snowflakes
○ Trees
○ Lightning bolts
○ Brocolli
● Why do we need it?
○ Because with fractals, it optimizes the area of coverage, whilst using the least
energy possible
Mathematics in technology and modern life
● How does math affect out technology and modern life
○ 1. Computer Science and Software Development
○ Algorithms: The creation of efficient algorithms (like for sorting, searching, and
encryption) relies heavily on mathematical principles such as graph theory and
number theory.
○ 2. Transportation
○ GPS relies on geometry, calculus, and time based calculations to pinpoint
locations and help with routing.
○ 3. Smartphones and Devices
○ The operating systems, apps, and hardware in smartphones rely on complex
math for everything from touch sensitivity to battery efficiency.
Animals
Rabbit Families: The most famous example is the one Fibonacci used himself! Imagine you start
with one pair of baby rabbits. The first month they grow up, but don't have babies. The second
month, they have a new pair! Now you have two pairs. Next month, the first pair has a new pair,
but the second pair is still too young. So you have three pairs. This pattern keeps going and
follows the Fibonacci sequence perfectly!
It goes 1 (you) -> 1 (your mom) -> 2 (your grandparents) -> 3 (your great-grandparents).
Human Body
Take a look at your hand. You have five fingers on each hand (a Fibonacci number). If you
count the sections of your fingers (not counting your thumb), you have two sections on your
thumb and three sections on the rest of your fingers. Both 2 and 3 are Fibonacci numbers!
The Golden Ratio is a special number that's very close to 1.618. It's what you get when you
divide a Fibonacci number by the one before it. The very code that makes you "you," your DNA,
has a secret Fibonacci connection! The DNA molecule is a double helix (like a twisted ladder).
The helix twists every 34 angstroms (a super tiny measurement), and is 21 angstroms wide.
Both 34 and 21 are Fibonacci numbers, and when you divide them, you get pretty close to the
Golden Ratio.
TOPIC: MATHEMATICS AS A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE
WHY IS MATHEMATICS A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE?
- Math is considered a universal language because it uses universally recognized symbols
and principles based on logic, not culture or spoken words, allowing for unambiguous
communication and understanding across all borders and languages. Its concepts are
objectively true and consistently applicable, enabling scientists, engineers, and people
worldwide to share data and solve problems effectively.
- Mathematical symbols like +, -, and π, are the serves the same purpose in every
country.
- Mathematical truths don’t change. All equations and formulas are the same worldwide.
(2+2 is always equals to 4)
- Math relies on logic and structures, not words.
REAL-LIFE EXAMPLES OF WHEN WE USE MATHEMATICS
- Science and Technology
- Engineering and Architecture
- Everyday Life
MATHEMATICS IN NATURE AND UNIVERSE
- Patterns in plants or flowers
- Symmetry in snowflakes
- Space and Planets