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Understanding DNA Structure and Replication

This document provides an overview of DNA structure and replication, emphasizing that DNA is composed of nucleotides and has a double helix shape. It outlines the process of DNA replication, detailing the roles of enzymes and the steps involved in creating new DNA strands. The module aims to educate students on the importance of DNA in encoding unique characteristics and ensuring genetic consistency across cells.

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15 views3 pages

Understanding DNA Structure and Replication

This document provides an overview of DNA structure and replication, emphasizing that DNA is composed of nucleotides and has a double helix shape. It outlines the process of DNA replication, detailing the roles of enzymes and the steps involved in creating new DNA strands. The module aims to educate students on the importance of DNA in encoding unique characteristics and ensuring genetic consistency across cells.

Uploaded by

amishisahni25
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Science

Biology, Part 1
Module 10 Content Guide

Big Question
How does DNA replicate itself?

Big Idea
Everybody's unique characteristics are encoded in their DNA, which is
comprised of smaller components called nucleotides. Because we all
originated as single-celled zygotes, our DNA has replicated itself billions of
times to ensure every cell in our body has the same set of genetic
instructions.

Learning Objectives
After completing this module, students will be able to:

• Describe the structure of DNA


• Describe the process of DNA replication

Introduction to DNA

Lesson Question What is the purpose for DNA?

In the space below, describe the structure and function of DNA.


The shape of DNA is called a double helix. The "walls" are made of sugar phospates
while the bases that run in between them. The DNA provides the organism with
genetic code - the blueprint of the body.
Science
Biology, Part 1
Module 10 Content Guide

Fill out the table below by completing each base pair.

A t
G c
t A

C g
g C

T a

DNA Replication

Lesson Question How is DNA replicated?

If cells divide multiple times, will they be different from the original? Explain
your answer.
If it is done correctly, there should be no mutations in the cells that are dividing. That
is because they all carry the same DNA.

Where does DNA replication happen?


In the nucleous.

What role do enzymes play in DNA replication?


Helicase seperates the DNA strands so the primase can strart creating a new strand
with the help of DNA polymerase. Enzymes are the helpers who build the new DNA
strands.

In your own words, explain each of the 5 steps of DNA replication.


1 - Seperate the two strands of DNA
2 - Add the new bases to the existing strand
3 - The sugar phospate wall is constructed
4 - Bases and wall bond
5 - They double check the bases and then create a new DNA double helix
Science
Biology, Part 1
Module 10 Content Guide

Module 10 Review

Answer the Big Question for this module.

• How does DNA replicate itself?


DNA comes in the shape of a double helix formed by two strands. After seperating
those orginal two molecules, it can start reading the bases and attaching new ones.
Enzymes create the sugar phospate walls and attack complementary bases to create
a new DNA strand. After checking if it is replicated correctly and bonding the basses
and walls, the new strand coils into a new double helix DNA.

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