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Simple Harmonic Motion Concepts and Graphs

The document consists of a series of questions related to simple harmonic motion (SHM), including graphs of kinetic energy, velocity, and acceleration, as well as concepts like resonance and damping. It also includes calculations related to displacement, frequency, and speed of oscillating particles. The questions are designed to assess understanding of the principles and characteristics of SHM in various scenarios.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views13 pages

Simple Harmonic Motion Concepts and Graphs

The document consists of a series of questions related to simple harmonic motion (SHM), including graphs of kinetic energy, velocity, and acceleration, as well as concepts like resonance and damping. It also includes calculations related to displacement, frequency, and speed of oscillating particles. The questions are designed to assess understanding of the principles and characteristics of SHM in various scenarios.

Uploaded by

bozdag
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1. A particle oscillates with simple harmonic motion with period T.

At time t = 0, the particle has its maximum displacement. Which graph shows the variation with
time t of the kinetic energy Ek of the particle?

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 1
2. The graph shows how the velocity v of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion varies
with time t for one complete period of oscillation.

Which of the following sketch graphs best shows how the total energy E of the object varies
with t?

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 2
3. A force that varies sinusoidally is applied to a system that is lightly damped. Which of the
following must be true of the force for resonance to occur?

A. It must always be in anti-phase with the oscillations of the system.

B. Its direction must always be in the direction of motion of the oscillations of the system.

C. Its frequency must be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the system.

D. Its amplitude must be equal to the amplitude of oscillation of the system.


(Total 1 mark)

4. The graphs show how the acceleration a of four different particles varies with their
displacement x.
Which of the particles is executing simple harmonic motion?

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 3
5. An object at the end of a spring oscillates vertically with simple harmonic motion. The graph
shows the variation with time t of the displacement x. The amplitude is x0 and the period of
oscillation is T.

Which of the following is the correct expression for the displacement x?

2
 x 0 cos t
A. T

2
x 0 cos t
B. T

2
 x 0 sin t
C. T

2
x 0 sin t
D. T
(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 4
6. Which graph correctly shows how the acceleration, a of a particle undergoing SHM varies with
its displacement, x from its equilibrium position?

(Total 1 mark)

7. A particle performs simple harmonic oscillations. Which of the following quantities will be
unaffected by a reduction in the amplitude of oscillations?

A. The total energy

B. The maximum speed

C. The maximum acceleration

D. The period
(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 5
8. The shock absorbers of a car, in good working condition, ensure that the vertical oscillations of
the car are

A. undamped.

B. lightly damped.

C. moderately damped.

D. critically damped.
(Total 1 mark)

9. Which of the following graphs shows the variation with displacement x of the speed v of a
particle performing simple harmonic motion.

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 6
10. A mass on the end of a horizontal spring is displaced from its equilibrium position by a distance
A and released. Its subsequent oscillations have total energy E and time period T.

An identical mass is attached to an identical spring. The maximum displacement is 2A.


Assuming this spring obeys Hooke’s law, which of the following gives the correct time period
and total energy?

New time period New energy


A. T 4E
B. T 2E
C. 2T 4E
D. 2T 2E

(Total 1 mark)

11. The shock absorbers of a car, in good working condition, ensure that the vertical oscillations of
the car are

A. undamped.

B. lightly damped.

C. moderately damped.

D. critically damped.
(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 7
12. An object is undergoing simple harmonic motion with light damping. The natural frequency of
oscillation of the object is f0. A periodic force of frequency f is applied to the object. Which of
the following graphs best shows how the amplitude a of oscillation of the object varies with f?

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 8
13. The graph shows how the displacement varies with time for an object undergoing simple
harmonic motion.

Which graph shows how the object’s acceleration a varies with time t?

(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 9
14. This question is about simple harmonic oscillations.

A longitudinal wave travels through a medium from left to right.

Graph 1 shows the variation with time t of the displacement x of a particle P in the medium.

Graph 1

(a) For particle P,

(i) state how graph 1 shows that its oscillations are not damped.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) calculate the magnitude of its maximum acceleration.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

IB Questionbank Physics 10
(iii) calculate its speed at t = 0.12 s.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(iv) state its direction of motion at t = 0.12 s.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(b) Graph 2 shows the variation with position d of the displacement x of particles in the
medium at a particular instant of time.

Graph 2

Determine for the longitudinal wave, using graph 1 and graph 2,

(i) the frequency.

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

IB Questionbank Physics 11
(ii) the speed.

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

Graph 2 – reproduced to assist with answering (c)(i).

IB Questionbank Physics 12
(c) The diagram shows the equilibrium positions of six particles in the medium.

(i) On the diagram above, draw crosses to indicate the positions of these six particles
at the instant of time when the displacement is given by graph 2.
(3)

(ii) On the diagram above, label with the letter C a particle that is at the centre of a
compression.
(1)
(Total 14 marks)

IB Questionbank Physics 13

Common questions

Powered by AI

Undamped oscillations in a displacement-time graph are indicated by a consistent amplitude of oscillations throughout the graph's timespan, showing no reduction in the amplitude over time .

Frequency can be calculated by examining the period between successive peaks on a time graph. Speed of the wave is determined by the product of frequency and wavelength, which can be measured from the spatial separation of peaks on a position graph at a specific instance .

For resonance to occur in a lightly damped system, the frequency of the applied force must be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the system. This condition ensures maximum energy transfer from the force to the system .

Doubling the displacement of a spring mass system results in the same period T, as it is not dependent on amplitude, but the total energy quadruples as energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude .

The total energy of an object undergoing simple harmonic motion remains constant over time. It is divided between kinetic and potential energy, which oscillate between each other during motion, but their sum remains unchanged .

The center of compression in a longitudinal wave is identified on a graph as regions where particles are closest together, indicated by maximum positive displacement in displacement-position graphs or constricted particle clusters marked in spatial diagrams .

The period of oscillations is unaffected by a reduction in the amplitude of oscillations for a particle in simple harmonic motion. The period is determined solely by the system's properties such as mass and spring constant, rather than the amplitude .

The kinetic energy of a particle in simple harmonic motion varies as a sinusoidal function with respect to time, reaching its maximum when the particle passes through the equilibrium position, and being zero at the maximum displacement on either side .

A system exhibits simple harmonic motion if the acceleration-displacement graph is a straight line passing through the origin with a negative slope, indicating acceleration is proportional and opposite to displacement .

Shock absorbers that ensure lightly damped vertical oscillations allow for some movement to absorb shocks while preventing excessive bouncing. Critically damped shocks brings the car back to equilibrium faster, minimizing oscillations .

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