PRACTICAL FILE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

COMPUTER NETWORKS

SUBJECT CODE (21CSC302J)

[Link], Third Year, V Semester

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DELHINCR CAMPUS, MODINAGAR
SIKRI KALAN, DELHI MEERUT ROAD, DIST. - GHAZIABAD - 201204

ODD SEMESTER (2025-2026)

 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done by AANYA

of Registration Number RA2311056030184 , of 5th Semester, 3rd
Year [Link]. CSE (Data Science) degree course at SRM Institute of
Science and Technology, NCR Campus, Department of Computer
Science and Engineering, in the course Computer Networks
(21CSC302J) during the academic year 2025–2026.

Signature Signature

Ms. Shivani Tyagi Dr. Harish Taluja

Assistant Professor Head of the Department

Dept. Of Computer Science & Dept. Of Computer Science &

Engineering Engineering
 SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DELHI NCR CAMPUS, MODINAGAR

Course & Branch : [Link] & CSE Data Science

Subject Name & Code : COMPUTER NETWORK & 21CSC302J

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
EXP. Experiments Name Date Signature
NO
1 Introduction to Packet Tracer, Peer to Peer communication,
study of cables and its colour codes
2 Implementation of Network Topologies

3 Router Configuration (Creating Passwords, Configuring

Interfaces)
4 IP addressing and Sub netting (VLSM)

5 Static and Default Routing

6 NAT Configuration

7 Implementation of RIP version 1

8 Implementation of RIP version 2

9 Implementation of Single Area OSPF

10 Implementation of Multi Area OSPF

11 PPP Configuration

12 HDLC Configuration

13 Implementation of BGP

14 Implementation of EIGRP

15 Telnet Configuration

VALUE ADDED PROGRAMS

1. To analyze the performance of various configurations and

protocols in LAN
2. To understand the concept and operation of Routing
Information Protocol (RIP)
 L T P C

Course Course Computer

21CSC302J Course Category C Professional Core
Code Name Network
3 0 2 4

Pre-requisite Nil Co-requisite Nil Progressive Nil

Courses Courses Courses

Course Offering Department School of Computing Data Book / Codes/Standards Nil

Course Outcomes

CO-1 : Apply the knowledge of communication

CO-2 : Construct the network using addressing schemes

CO-3 : Design and implement the various Routing Protocols

CO-4 : Identify and correct the errors in transmission

CO-5 : Analyze the services provided by Transport and Application layers

1|P age
 CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
1
Engineering Knowledge

3
3
3
3
3
2
Problem Analysis

-
-
-
-
-
3
Design & Development
Program Outcomes (PO)

-
-
-
-
-
4
Conduct Investigations of

-
-
-

2
2
complex problem
5

Modern Tool Usage

-
-
-

3
3
6

The Engineer and Society

-
-
-
-
-
7

Environment & Sustainabi

-
-
-
-
-
8
Course Outcomes vs Program Outcomes (PO)

Ethics

-
-
-
-
-
9

Individual & Team Work

-
-
-
-
-
10

Communication

-
-
-
-
-
11

Project Mgt. & Finance

-
-
-
-
-
12

Life Long Learning

PSO - 1

2|P age
PSO - 2
-
-
-
-
-
Program Specific
Outcomes (PSO)

PSO – 3
 Experiment: 1
Introduction to Packet Tracer, Peer to Peer communication, study of cables
and its colour codes
Aim:
• To introduce the Packet Tracer simulation tool and familiarize with its interface.
• To understand and configure a peer-to-peer (P2P) network.
• To learn about different types of networking cables and their color codes.

Materials:

• Computer with Packet Tracer installed.

• Two PCs or laptops connected via a crossover cable.

Procedure:

1. Setting Up the Network:

o Open Packet Tracer on your computer.
o Explore the various components of the interface:
▪ Workspace: Where you will create and view your network topology.
▪ Device-Type Selection Box: Where you can select different types of
devices.
▪ Toolbar: Contains tools for adding devices, connecting them, and
managing the simulation.

o Add two PCs to the workspace.

o Connect the PCs using a crossover cable.

2. Configuring IP Addresses:
o Assign IP addresses to both PCs.

▪ PC1 IP Address: [Link]

▪ PC2 IP Address: [Link]
▪ Subnet Mask: [Link]

3. Enabling File Sharing:

o On each PC, go to the "Desktop" tab, then click on "PC Wireless."

 o Turn on file sharing and create a shared folder on both PCs.

4. Testing the P2P Communication:

o On PC1, go to the "Command Prompt" and ping PC2’s IP address.

o On PC2, do the same for PC1.
o Check if both PCs can access the shared folders by using the command \\[Link]
from PC2 and \\[Link] from PC1.

5. Understanding Cable Types:

o Copper Straight-Through Cable: Used to connect different types of devices (e.g.,

PC to switch).
o Crossover Cable: Used to connect similar devices (e.g., PC to PC).
o Fiber Optic Cable: Used for high-speed data transmission over long distances.

6. Cable Color Codes:

o TIA/EIA-568A and TIA/EIA-568B Standards:

▪ TIA/EIA-568A: White/Green, Green, White/Orange, Blue, White/Blue,
Orange, White/Brown, Brown.
▪ TIA/EIA-568B: White/Orange, Orange, White/Green, Blue, White/Blue,
Green, White/Brown, Brown.

OUTPUT:
 Experiment: 2
Implementation of Network Topologies

Aim:

To understand and implement various network topologies (Star, Bus, Ring, and Mesh) using
Cisco Packet Tracer. This lab aims to provide hands-on experience in designing and analysing
different network topologies and understanding their advantages and disadvantages.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Implementing the Star Topology

i. Setup the Network:

a. Open Cisco Packet Tracer and create a new project.
b. Drag and drop one Switch and multiple PCs onto the workspace.
ii. Connect the Devices:
a. Connect each PC to the switch using copper straight-through cables.
iii. Assign IP Addresses:
a. Click on each PC, go to the "Desktop" tab, and open "IP Configuration."
b. Assign the following IP addresses:
c. Subnet Mask for all PCs: [Link]
iv. Test Connectivity:
a. Use the "Ping" command from one PC to ping the other PCs to verify
connectivity.
v. Observation:
a. Record the ping results and observe the central role of the switch in this
topology.

2. Implementing the Bus Topology

i. Setup the Network:

a. In the same or new project, drag and drop a Hub and multiple PCs (e.g., 4
PCs) onto the workspace.
ii. Connect the Devices:
a. Connect each PC to the hub using copper straight-through cables.
iii. Assign IP Addresses:
a. Assign IP addresses to each PC, similar to the Star topology setup.
iv. Test Connectivity:
a. Use the "Ping" command to test connectivity between the PCs.
 v. Observation:
a. Note the communication pattern in a Bus topology and the role of the hub.

3. Implementing the Ring Topology

i. Setup the Network:

a. Create a new topology by dragging and dropping PCs and Routers onto the
workspace. You may also use Switches if routers are not preferred.
ii. Connect the Devices:
a. Connect the PCs in a closed-loop (ring) formation. Use copper crossover
cables to connect each PC to another or connect each PC to a router/switch in
sequence, forming a ring.
iii. Assign IP Addresses:
a. Assign IP addresses to each PC as done previously.
iv. Test Connectivity:
a. Ping between the PCs to ensure they are connected in a ring configuration.
v. Observation:
a. Record the behaviour of data transmission in the Ring topology.
4: Implementing the Mesh Topology

i. Setup the Network:

a. Create a new project and drag and drop multiple PCs onto the workspace.
ii. Connect the Devices:
a. In a Mesh topology, each device is connected to every other device.
b. Use copper crossover cables to connect each PC to every other PC.
iii. Assign IP Addresses:
a. Assign IP addresses to each PC, similar to previous setups.
iv. Test Connectivity:
a. Ping from each PC to all other PCs to verify full connectivity.
v. Observation:
a. Observe the redundancy and fault tolerance offered by the Mesh topology.

OUTPUT:
 Experiment: 3
Router Configuration (Creating Passwords, Configuring Interfaces)

Aim:

To configure a Cisco router by setting up passwords for different access modes and
configuring the router’s interfaces with IP addresses to enable network communication.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1: Setting Up the Network

i. Setup the Network:

a. Open Cisco Packet Tracer and create a new project.
b. Drag and drop a Router (e.g., Cisco 2811), a Switch, and two PCs onto the
workspace.
ii. Connect the Devices:
a. Connect the router to the switch using a copper straight-through cable
(connect the router’s GigabitEthernet0/0 interface to any port on the switch).
b. Connect each PC to the switch using copper straight-through cables.

2: Accessing the Router and Creating Passwords

i. Access the Router:

a. Click on the router to open its configuration window.
b. Go to the "CLI" tab to access the Command Line Interface (CLI).
ii. Enter Global Configuration Mode:
 a. Type enable to enter privileged EXEC mode.
b. Type configure terminal to enter global configuration mode.
iii. Set the Enable Password:
a. Type enable secret yourpassword to set an encrypted enable password (replace
yourpassword with your desired password).
iv. Set Console Password:
a. Type line console 0 to configure the console line.
b. Type password yourpassword to set the console password.
c. Type login to enable password checking at login.
v. Exit to Global Configuration Mode:
a. Type exit to return to the global configuration mode.

3: Configuring Router Interfaces

i. Configure GigabitEthernet0/0 Interface:

a. In global configuration mode, type interface GigabitEthernet0/0.
b. Type ip address [Link] [Link] to assign an IP address to the
interface.
c. Type no shutdown to enable the interface.
d. Type exit to return to global configuration mode.
ii. Configure GigabitEthernet0/1 Interface (Optional):
a. If you have a second network to connect, repeat the steps for the
GigabitEthernet0/1 interface:
b. Type interface GigabitEthernet0/1.
c. Type ip address [Link] [Link] to assign an IP address to this
interface.
d. Type no shutdown to enable the interface.
e. Type exit to return to global configuration mode.
iii. Save the Configuration:
a. Type exit to return to privileged EXEC mode.
b. Type write memory or copy running-config startup-config to save the
configuration.

4: Testing the Configuration

i. Assign IP Addresses to PCs:

a. Click on each PC, go to the "Desktop" tab, and select "IP Configuration."
b. Assign the following IP addresses:
i. PC1: IP Address: [Link], Subnet Mask: [Link], Default
Gateway: [Link]
ii. PC2: IP Address: [Link], Subnet Mask: [Link], Default
Gateway: [Link]
ii. Test Connectivity:
a. On PC1, open the "Command Prompt" from the "Desktop" tab.
b. Type ping [Link] to check connectivity to the router.
c. Type ping [Link] to check connectivity between the PCs.
iii. Telnet to the Router (Optional):
a. On PC1, open the "Command Prompt" and type telnet [Link] to
remotely access the router.
b. Enter the VTY password when prompted.
OUTPUT :
 Experiment: 4
IP addressing and Sub netting (VLSM)

Aim:

To understand and implement Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) in IP addressing by

dividing a network into multiple subnets with varying subnet sizes. This lab will involve
designing a network topology, assigning IP addresses using VLSM, and verifying network
connectivity using Cisco Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Designing the Network Topology

1. Create a New Project:

o Open Cisco Packet Tracer and create a new project.
2. Set Up the Network Topology:
o Drag and drop the following devices onto the workspace:
▪ 3 Routers (e.g., R1, R2, R3)
▪ 3 Switches (e.g., S1, S2, S3)
▪ 3 PCs (e.g., PC0,PC1,PC2)
o Connect the routers to each other using serial cables (e.g., R1 to R2, R2 to
R3).
o Connect each router to its corresponding switch using copper straight-
through cables.
o Connect the PCs to their respective switches using copper straight-through
cables.

2. Configuring the Network in Packet Tracer

Configure Router R1: Access R1's CLI and enter the following commands:
enable
configure terminal
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address [Link] [Link]
no shutdown
exit
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address [Link] [Link]
clock rate 64000
no shutdown
exit

Configure Router R2: Access R2's CLI and enter the following commands:

enable

configure terminal

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

ip address [Link] [Link]

no shutdown

exit

interface Serial0/0/0

ip address [Link] [Link]

no shutdown

exit

interface Serial0/0/1

ip address [Link] [Link]

clock rate 64000

no shutdown

exit
Configure Router R3: Access R3's CLI and enter the following commands:

enable

configure terminal

interface GigabitEthernet0/0

ip address [Link] [Link]

no shutdown

exit

interface Serial0/0/0

ip address [Link] [Link]

no shutdown

exit

Configure the PCs with IP Addresses:

• On each PC connected to R1's LAN, assign IP addresses from the range [Link] -
[Link].
• On each PC connected to R2's LAN, assign IP addresses from the range [Link] -
[Link].
• On each PC connected to R3's LAN, assign IP addresses from the range [Link] -
[Link].

OUTPUT :
 Experiment: 5
Static and Default Routing

Aim:

To understand and implement static and default routing in a network using Cisco Packet
Tracer. This lab will involve configuring static routes and default routes to ensure proper
network connectivity between different subnets.

Materials : Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Designing the Network Topology

i. Create a New Project:

a. Open Cisco Packet Tracer and create a new project.
ii. Set Up the Network Topology:
a. Drag and drop the following devices onto the workspace:
i. 2 Routers (e.g., R1, R2)
ii. 2 Switches (e.g., S1, S2)
iii. 4 PCs (2 PCs connected to each switch)
b. Connect each router to its corresponding switch using copper straight-through
cables.
c. Connect the routers to each other using serial cables.
d. Connect the PCs to their respective switches using copper straight-through cables.

2: Configuring IP Addressing
i. Assign IP Addresses to Each Network:
ii. Configure Serial Connections Between Routers
3. Configuring Static Routing

i. Configure Static Routes on R1:

a. Access R1's CLI and enter the following commands:
i. enable
ii. configure terminal
iii. ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
iv. ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
v. exit
ii. Configure Static Routes on R2:
a. Access R2's CLI and enter the following commands:
i. enable
ii. configure terminal
iii. ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
iv. ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
v. exit

4. Configuring Default Routing

i. Configure a Default Route on R1:

a. Access R1's CLI and enter the following command:
i. enable
ii. configure terminal
iii. ip route [Link] [Link] [Link]
iv. exit
ii. Configure a Default Route on R2:
a. Access R3's CLI and enter the following command:
i. enable
ii. configure terminal
iii. ip route [Link] [Link] 10.0.0.

OUTPUT:
 Experiment: 6
NAT Configuration

Aim:

To understand and configure Static NAT, Dynamic NAT, and PAT (Port Address
Translation) on Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.
ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 1 Router
b. 2 Switches
c. 2 PCs (PC1 and PC2)
d. 1 Server
iii. Connect the devices:
a. Connect Router G0/0 to Switch 1.
b. Connect Router G0/1 to Switch 2.
c. Connect PC1 and PC2 to Switch 1.
d. Connect the Server to Switch 2.

2. Configure IP Addresses

i) Configure Router Interfaces:

o Click on the router, then go to the CLI.
o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router> enable

Router# configure terminal

Router(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Router(config-if)# exit

Router(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1

Router(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)# exit

ii) Configure PCs:

• On PC1:
o IP Address: [Link]
o Subnet Mask: [Link]
o Default Gateway: [Link]
• On PC2:
o IP Address: [Link]
o Subnet Mask: [Link]
o Default Gateway: [Link]

iii) Configure Server:

• IP Address: [Link]
• Subnet Mask: [Link]
• Default Gateway: [Link]

3. Configure Static NAT

i. Create Static NAT Mapping:

a. Map the internal IP of PC1 ([Link]) to an external IP ([Link]):
b. Router(config)# ip nat inside source static [Link] [Link]
ii. Specify the Inside and Outside Interfaces:

• Inside (LAN interface):

Router(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)# ip nat inside

Router(config-if)# exit

• Outside (WAN interface):

Router(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1

Router(config-if)# ip nat outside

Router(config-if)# exit

Verify these NAT translations:

R1#show ip nat translations
 Experiment: 7
Implementation of RIP version 1

Aim:

To understand and configure the Routing Information Protocol Version 1 (RIPv1) on Cisco routers
using Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.
ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 3 Routers
b. 3 Switches
c. 6 PCs
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

i) Configure Router 1:
o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.
o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit

ii) Configure Router 2:

• Click on Router 2 and access the CLI.

• Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit
Router2(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit
Router2(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/2
Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit
Repeat the same procedure with other routers to configure them thoroughly.
iii) Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask
according to the IP addressing table.
3: Configure RIP Version 1 on the Routers

To assign RIP routes to the particular router:

• First, click on router0 then Go to CLI.
• Then type the commands and IP information given below.
CLI command : router rip
CLI command : network <network id>

RIP Routes for Router0 are given below:

Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network [Link]
Router(config-router)#network [Link]

RIP Routes for Router1 are given below:

Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network [Link]
Router(config-router)#network [Link]
Router(config-router)#network [Link]

RIP Routes for Router2 are given below:

Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network [Link]
Router(config-router)#network [Link]

4. Verification of RIP Configuration

We have successfully configured RIP Version 1 on Cisco Routers using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 8
Implementation of RIP version 2
Aim:

To configure and verify Routing Information Protocol Version 2 (RIPv2) on

Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1: Set Up the Network Topology

Add the devices to the workspace:

• 2 Routers
• 2 Switches
• 4 PCs (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4)

2: Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

• Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

• Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
 Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Repeat the same procedure with other routers to configure them thoroughly.

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Configure RIPv2 on the Routers

Configure RIPv2 on Router 1:

o Access the CLI of Router 1.

o Configure RIPv2

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# router rip
Router1(config-router)# version 2
Router1(config-router)# no auto-summary
Router1(config-router)# network [Link]
Router1(config-router)# network [Link]
Router1(config-router)# exit
Router1(config)# exit

Configure RIPv2 on Router 2:

• Access the CLI of Router 2.

• Configure RIPv2:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# router rip
Router2(config-router)# version 2
Router2(config-router)# no auto-summary
 Router2(config-router)# network [Link]
Router2(config-router)# network [Link]
Router2(config-router)# exit
Router2(config)# exit

4. Verification of RIP Configuration

We have successfully configured RIP Version 2 on Cisco Routers using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 9
Implementation of Single Area OSPF

Aim:

To configure and verify a Single Area OSPF (OSPFv2) routing protocol on Cisco routers
using Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 3 Routers
b. 3 Switches
c. 3 PCs (PC1, PC2, PC3)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable
 Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Repeat the same procedure with other routers to configure them thoroughly.

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3: Configure Single Area OSPF on the Routers

Configure OSPF on Router 1:

o Access the CLI of Router 1.

o Configure OSPF with Area 0:

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# router ospf 1
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router1(config-router)# exit
Router1(config)# exit

Configure OSPF on Router 2:

• Access the CLI of Router 2.

• Configure OSPF with Area 0:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminalRouter2(config)# router ospf 1
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
 Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router2(config-router)# exit
Router2(config)# exit

Configure OSPF on Router 3:

• Access the CLI of Router 3.

• Configure OSPF with Area 0:

Router3> enable
Router3# configure terminal
Router3(config)# router ospf 1
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router3(config-router)# exit
Router3(config)# exit

4. Verification of OSPF Configuration

Check OSPF Neighbors: On each router, verify OSPF neighbor relationships:

Router# show ip ospf neighbor

Check OSPF Routing Table:
Router# show ip route ospf

Ping Test:

• From PC1, ping PC2 and PC3. The pings should be successful.
• From PC2, ping PC1 and PC3. The pings should be successful.
• From PC3, ping PC1 and PC2. The pings should be successful.

Verify OSPF Database:

• On each router, check the OSPF database to ensure OSPF has learned all routes:

Router# show ip ospf database

We have successfully configured Single Area OSPF on Cisco Routers using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 10
Implementation of Multi Area OSPF
Aim:

To configure and verify Multi-Area OSPF (OSPFv2) routing protocol on Cisco routers using
Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.
ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 4 Routers
b. 4 Switches
c. 4 PCs (PC1, PC2, PC3,PC4)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Repeat the same procedure with other routers to configure them thoroughly.

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Configure Multi-Area OSPF on the Routers

Configure OSPF on Router 1:

o Access the CLI of Router 1.

o Configure OSPF with Area 0 (backbone):

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# router ospf 1
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router1(config-router)# exit
Router1(config)# exit

Configure OSPF on Router 2:

• Access the CLI of Router 2.

• Configure OSPF with Areas 0 and 1

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# router ospf 1
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 1
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router2(config-router)#

Configure OSPF on Router 3:

• Access the CLI of Router 3.

• Configure OSPF with Area 0:

Router3> enable
Router3# configure terminal
 Router3(config)# router ospf 1
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link] area 0
Router3(config-router)# exit
Router3(config)# exit

4. Verification of OSPF Configuration

1. Check OSPF Neighbors:

o On each router, verify OSPF neighbor relationships:
o Router# show ip ospf neighbor
2. Check OSPF Routing Table:

• On each router, verify the OSPF routing table:

Router# show ip route ospf

Ping Test:

• From PC1, ping PC2 and PC3. The pings should be successful.
• From PC2, ping PC1 and PC3. The pings should be successful.
• From PC3, ping PC1 and PC2. The pings should be successful.

Verify OSPF Database:

• On each router, check the OSPF database to ensure OSPF has learned all routes:

Router# show ip ospf database

We have successfully configured Multi Area OSPF on Cisco Routers using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 11
PPP Configuration
Aim:

To configure and verify the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) with authentication (PAP or
CHAP) on Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 2 Routers
b. 2 Switches
c. 2 PCs (PC1, PC2)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Configure Router 2:
o Click on Router 2 and access the CLI.
o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit

Router2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Configure PPP Authentication: PPP can be configured with either PAP (Password
Authentication Protocol) or CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol). Here is
a configuration for PAP.
On Router 1:
Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# username Router2 password cisco
Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
Router1(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username Router1 password cisco
Router1(config-if)# exit
On Router 2:
Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# username Router1 password cisco
Router2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0
Router2(config-if)# ppp authentication pap
Router2(config-if)# ppp pap sent-username Router2 password cisco
Router2(config-if)# exit

4. Verification of PPP Configuration

1. Check the Serial Interface Status:

o On both routers, verify the status of the serial interface:

Router# show interfaces serial 0/0/0

2. Check PPP Encapsulation:

• On both routers, verify PPP encapsulation is active:

Router# show interfaces serial 0/0/0

3. Check PPP Authentication:
4. If PAP authentication is configured, verify authentication:
Router# show ppp all
Ping Test:
From PC1, ping PC2. The ping should be successful, indicating that PPP is correctly
configured and operational.
We have successfully configured PPP on Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 12
HDLC Configuration
Aim:

To configure and verify the High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol on a point-to-
point serial connection between two Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.
Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 2 Routers
b. 2 Switches
c. 2 PCs (PC1, PC2)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit

Configure Router 2:
 • Click on Router 2 and access the CLI.
• Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit

Router2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc
Router2(config-if)# no shutdown
Router2(config-if)# exit

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Verify the HDLC Configuration

1. Check the Serial Interface Status:

o On both routers, verify the status of the serial interface:

Router# show interfaces serial 0/0/0

You should see the interface is up, and HDLC is listed as the encapsulation method.
2. Check the Routing Table:
On both routers, verify that the routes are correctly populated:
Router# show ip route

Ping Test:

• From PC1, ping PC2. The ping should be successful, indicating that HDLC is
correctly configured and operational.
• From PC2, ping PC1 to verify bidirectional communication.
 Experiment: 13
Implementation of BGP
Aim:

To configure and verify Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) on Cisco routers in a simulated
network environment using Packet Tracer. This lab focuses on basic BGP configuration
between two Autonomous Systems (AS)
Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 3 Routers
b. 2 Switches
c. 2 PCs (PC1, PC2)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0

Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router1(config-if)# no shutdown

Router1(config-if)# exit

Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000

Router1(config-if)# no shutdown

Router1(config-if)# exit

Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/1

Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000

Router1(config-if)# no shutdown

Router1(config-if)# exit

Configure Router 2:

• Click on Router 2 and access the CLI.

• Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router2> enable

Router2# configure terminal

Router2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router2(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router2(config-if)# no shutdown

Router2(config-if)# exit

Configure Router 3:

• Click on Router 3 and access the CLI.

• Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router3> enable

Router3# configure terminal

Router3(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0

Router3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router3(config-if)# no shutdown

Router3(config-if)# exit
Router3(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router3(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]

Router3(config-if)# no shutdown

Router3(config-if)# exit

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Configure BGP on the Routers

Configure BGP on Router 1 (AS 100):

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# router bgp 100

Router1(config-router)# network [Link] mask [Link]

Router1(config-router)# neighbor [Link] remote-as 100

Router1(config-router)# neighbor [Link] remote-as 200

Router1(config-router)# exit

Configure BGP on Router 2 (AS 100):

Router2> enable

Router2# configure terminal

Router2(config)# router bgp 100

Router2(config-router)# neighbor [Link] remote-as 100

Router2(config-router)# exit

Configure BGP on Router 3 (AS 200):

Router3> enable

Router3# configure terminal

Router3(config)# router bgp 200

Router3(config-router)# network [Link] mask [Link]

Router3(config-router)# neighbor [Link] remote-as 100

Router3(config-router)# exit

4. Verification of BGP Configuration

Check BGP Neighbors:

On Router 1, check BGP neighbors:

Router1# show ip bgp summary

We should see Router 2 and Router 3 as neighbors.

Check BGP Routing Table:

Router# show ip bgp

Ping Test:

o From PC1, ping PC2. The ping should be successful, indicating that BGP is
correctly configured and operational.
o From PC2, ping PC1 to verify bidirectional communication.

We have successfully configured BGP on Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.

 Experiment: 14
Implementation of EIGRP
Aim:

To configure and verify Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) on Cisco
routers in a simulated network environment using Packet Tracer. This lab will
demonstrate the basic configuration of EIGRP for dynamic routing..

Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 3 Routers
b. 2 Switches
c. 2 PCs (PC1, PC2,)
iii. Connect the devices

2. Configure IP Addresses

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign IP addresses to the interfaces:

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit

Router1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0

Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# clock rate 64000
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit
Repeat the same procedure with other routers to configure them thoroughly.

Configure PCs: Configure the PCs (hosts) with IPv4 address and Subnet Mask according to
the IP addressing table.

3. Configure EIGRP on the Routers

Configure EIGRP on Router 1:

Router1> enable
Router1# configure terminal
Router1(config)# router eigrp 100
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-router)# no auto-summary
Router1(config-router)# exit

Configure EIGRP on Router 2:

Router2> enable
Router2# configure terminal
Router2(config)# router eigrp 100
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router2(config-router)# no auto-summary
Router2(config-router)# exit

Configure EIGRP on Router 3:

Router3> enable
Router3# configure terminal
Router3(config)# router eigrp 100
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router3(config-router)# network [Link] [Link]
Router3(config-router)# no auto-summary
 Router3(config-router)# exit

4. Verification of EIGRP Configuration

Check EIGRP Neighbors:
On each router, check EIGRP neighbors:

Router# show ip eigrp neighbors

We should see the other routers as neighbors.

Check EIGRP Routing Table:

On each router, verify that the EIGRP routes are correctly populated:

Router# show ip route eigrp

Ping Test:

• From PC1, ping PC2. The ping should be successful, indicating that EIGRP is
correctly configured and operational.
• From PC2, ping PC1 to verify bidirectional communication.

We have successfully configured EIGRP on Cisco routers using Packet Tracer.

 Experiment: 15
Telnet Configuration
Aim:

To configure and verify Telnet access on a Cisco router in a simulated network environment
using Packet Tracer. This lab will demonstrate the steps required to set up Telnet access for
remote management.
Materials: Cisco Packet Tracer (latest version)

Procedure:

1. Set Up the Network Topology

i. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.

ii. Add the devices to the workspace:
a. 1 Routers
b. 1 Switch
c. 1 PCs (PC1)
iii. Connect the devices

2: Configure IP Address on Router and PC

Configure Router 1:

o Click on Router 1 and access the CLI.

o Assign an IP address to the G0/0 interface:

Router1> enable

Router1# configure terminal

Router1(config)# interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
Router1(config-if)# ip address [Link] [Link]
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# exit

Configure PC1:

• On PC1:
o IP Address: [Link]
o Subnet Mask: [Link]
o Default Gateway: [Link]

3: Configure Telnet on Router

Set the Router Hostname:
 Router1(config)# hostname R1
Set a Password for Telnet Access: Configure the VTY (Virtual Teletype) lines to allow
Telnet access and set a password:
R1(config)# line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)# password cisco123
R1(config-line)# login
R1(config-line)# exit
Configure a Local User Account for Authentication:
R1(config)# username admin privilege 15 secret adminpass
Set VTY Lines to Use Local User Authentication:
R1(config)# line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)# login local
R1(config-line)# transport input telnet
R1(config-line)# exit

Enable Password Encryption:

• Encrypt all plaintext passwords:

R1(config)# service password-encryption

4: Verification of Telnet Configuration
Test Telnet Access from PC1:
On PC1, open the Command Prompt.
Telnet to the router using the following command:
telnet [Link]
When prompted, enter the username and password configured earlier (admin and
adminpass).
Verify Telnet Connection:
Once logged in, you should have command-line access to the router via Telnet.
Test basic commands, such as show ip interface brief to verify you can execute
commands remotely.
Exit the Telnet Session:
To exit the Telnet session, type exit in the command line.
We have successfully configured Telnet on a Cisco router using Packet Tracer.
 Experiment: 1
To analyze the performance of various configurations and protocols in LAN
Requirements:
• Windows pc – 3Nos
• CISCO Packet Tracer Software ( Student Version)
• 8 port switch – 1 No
• Cat-5 LAN cable
Procedure:
• Open the CISCO Packet tracer software
• Drag and drop 3 pcs using End Device Icons on the left corner
• Select 8 port switch from switch icon list in the left bottom corner
• Make the connections using Straight through Ethernet cables
• Give IP address of the PC1, PC2 and PC3 as [Link], [Link] and
[Link] respectively, ping between PCs and observe the transfer of data
packets in real and simulation mode.
Theory:
A local area network (LAN) is a collection of devices connected together in one physical
location, such as a building, office, or home. A LAN can be small or large, ranging from a
home network with one user to an enterprise network with thousands of users and devices in
an office or school.
A LAN comprises cables, access points, switches, routers, and other components that enable
devices to connect to internal servers, web servers, and other LANs via wide area networks.
The advantages of a LAN are the same as those for any group of devices networked together.
The devices can use a single Internet connection, share files with one another, print to shared
printers, and be accessed and even controlled by one another.
Network Topology Diagram for LAN:
Input Details for LAN:
PC0 PC1 PC2
IP Address : [Link] IP Address : [Link] IP Address : [Link]
Gate way : [Link] Gate way : [Link] Gate way : [Link]

LAN OUTPUT WINDOW: (PINGING FROM PC0-PC1)

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
C:\>ping [Link]
Pinging [Link] with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=128 Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=4ms
TTL=128 Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=4ms TTL=128 Reply from [Link]: bytes=32
time=4ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for [Link]:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-
seconds: Minimum = 4ms, Maximum = 8ms, Average = 5ms

Result: Hence, the various configurations and protocols in LAN are analysed and the
experiment is performed successfully.
 Experiment: 2
To understand the concept and operation of Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Requirements
• Windows pc – 2 Nos

• CISCO Packet Tracer Software ( Student Version)

• 8 port switch – 2 No

• Router – 2 Nos

• Cat-5 LAN cable

Procedure
• Open the CISCO Packet tracer software
• Drag and drop 5 pcs using End Device Icons on the left corner
• Select 8 port switch from switch icon list in the left bottom corner
• Select Routers and Give the IP address for serial ports of router
and apply clock rate asper the table.
• Make the connections using Straight through Ethernet cables
• Ping between PCs and observe the transfer of data packets in real and
simulation mode.

Theory
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is one of the oldest distance vector routing
protocols. It is usually used on small networks because it is very simple to configure
and maintain, but lacks some advanced features of routing protocols like OSPF or
EIGRP. Two versions of the protocol exists: version 1 and version 2. Both versions use
hop count as a metricand have the administrative distance of 120. RIP version 2 is
capable of advertising subnet masks and uses multicast to send routing updates, while
version 1 doesn’t advertise subnet masks and uses broadcast for updates. Version 2 is
backwards compatible with version 1.

RIPv2 sends the entire routing table every 30 seconds, which can consume a lot of bandwidth. RIPv2
uses multicast address of [Link] to send routing updates, supports authentication and triggered
updates (updates that are sent when a change in the network occurs).
 Network Topology Diagram for RIP

Input Details for LAN:

PC0 PC1 Router 0 Router 1

Fast Ethernet 0/0 Fast Ethernet 0/0
IP Address : IP Address: IP Address: IP Address :
[Link] [Link] [Link] [Link]
Gate way : Gate way : Serial 2/0 : Serial 2/0 :
[Link] [Link] [Link] at 6400 [Link] no clock rate
clock rate

OUTPUT:

RIP (PINGING FROM PC0 TO PC1): C:\>ping [Link]

Pinging [Link] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126 Reply from [Link]: bytes=32
time=12ms TTL=126 Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=13ms TTL=126

Reply from [Link]: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126 Ping statistics for [Link]:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-
seconds:
Minimum = 11ms, Maximum = 13ms, Average = 11ms

Result:
Thus, understand the concept and operation of RIP and pinged from PC in are networks to PC
to another network.