STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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BOX AND RECTANGULAR SECTION
SUBJECTED TO AXIAL COMPRESSION, FLEXURE AND SHEAR
I. INPUT DATA
Total depth of the section H ≔ 300 mm
Total width of the section B ≔ 900 mm
Wall thickness of the section t ≔ 12 mm
The inner radius (put zero if section box) r1 ≔ 15 mm
The outer radius (put zero if section box) r2 ≔ 20 mm
Yield strength of steel material Fy ≔ 345 MPa
Modulus of elasticity of steel material E ≔ 200000 MPa
Shear modulus of elasticity G ≔ 77200 MPa
Axial compressive force Pu ≔ 5000 kN
Maximum bending moment about major axis Mux ≔ 34.92 kN ⋅ m
Maximum shear force Vu ≔ 6.56 kN
Bending moment at 1/4 span of beam MA ≔ 26.19 kN ⋅ m
Bending moment at 1/2 span of beam MB ≔ 34.92 kN ⋅ m
Bending moment at 3/4 span of beam MC ≔ 26.19 kN ⋅ m
Unbraced length for compression about x-axis Lx ≔ 8000 mm
Unbraced length for compression about y-axis Ly ≔ 8000 mm
Effective length factor x and y axis Kx ≔ 1
Ky ≔ 1
Unbraced length for bending about minor axis Lb ≔ 8000 mm
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 1 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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II. SECTION PROPERTIES
Recommended radius of fillet for hot finished
r1_recommended ≔ 1 ⋅ t = 12 mm
r2_recommended ≔ 1.5 ⋅ t = 18 mm
Effective width of the section
b ≔ B - 2 t - 2 r1 = 846 mm
Effective depth of the section
h ≔ H - 2 t - 2 r1 = 246 mm
Gross section area
A ≔ 2 t ⋅ (B + H - 2 t) - (4 - π) ⋅ ⎛⎝r2 - r1 ⎞⎠ = 28073.779 mm
2 2 2
The area of the area with radius r1
⎛ π⎞ 2
A1 ≔ ⎜1 - ―⎟ ⋅ r1 = 0.048 m ⋅ mm
⎝ 4⎠
The area of the area with radius r2
⎛ π⎞ 2 2
A2 ≔ ⎜1 - ―⎟ ⋅ r2 = 85.841 mm
⎝ 4⎠
Elastic neutral axis of the area with radius r1
10 - 3 π
yc1 ≔ ―――⋅ r1 = 3.351 mm
12 - 3 π
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 2 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
10 - 3 π
yc1 ≔ ―――⋅ r1 = 3.351 mm
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12 - 3 π
xc1 ≔ yc1 = 3.351 mm
Elastic neutral axis of the area with radius r2
10 - 3 π
yc2 ≔ ―――⋅ r2 = 4.467 mm
12 - 3 π
xc2 ≔ yc2 = 4.467 mm
Distance from the neutral axis of the section to the neutral axis of the area with radius r1 about
x, y-axis
About x-axis
B-2 t
hx_r1 ≔ ――― - xc1 = 434.649 mm
2
About y-axis
H-2 t
hy_r1 ≔ ――― - yc1 = 134.649 mm
2
Distance from the neutral axis of the section to the neutral axis of the area with radius r2 about
x, y-axis
About x-axis
B
hx_r2 ≔ ―- xc2 = 445.533 mm
2
About y-axis
H
hy_r2 ≔ ―- yc2 = 145.533 mm
2
Moment of inertia of area with radius r1
⎛1 π 1 ⎞ 4 4
Iy1 ≔ ⎜―- ― - ――――⎟ ⋅ r1 = 381.971 mm
⎝ 3 16 3 (12 - 3 π) ⎠
4
Ix1 ≔ Iy1 = 381.971 mm
Moment of inertia of area with radius r2
⎛1 π 1 ⎞ 4 4
Iy2 ≔ ⎜―- ― - ――――⎟ ⋅ r2 = 1207.219 mm
⎝ 3 16 3 (12 - 3 π) ⎠
Ix2 ≔ Iy2 = ⎛⎝1.207 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ mm
3 4
Moment of inertia x-x
3
B⋅H (B - 2 t) ⋅ (H - 2 t) 3
Ix ≔ ―― - ―――――― - 4 ⎛⎝Ix2 + A2 ⋅ hy_r2 ⎞⎠ + 4 ⎛⎝Ix1 + A1 ⋅ hy_r1 ⎞⎠
2 2
12 12
4
Ix = 486432061.33 mm
Moment of inertia y-y
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 3 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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3
H⋅B (H - 2 t) ⋅ (B - 2 t) 3
Iy ≔ ―― - ―――――― - 4 ⎛⎝Iy2 + A2 ⋅ hx_r2 ⎞⎠ + 4 ⎛⎝Iy1 + A1 ⋅ hx_r1 ⎞⎠
2 2
12 12
4
Iy = 2732236090.403 mm
Radius of gyration about x and y axis
‾‾
Ix
rx ≔ ―= 131.632 mm
A
‾‾
Iy
ry ≔ ―= 311.967 mm
A
Elastic section modulus about x and y axis
Ix 3
Sx ≔ ――= 3242880.409 mm
0.5 H
Iy 3
Sy ≔ ――= 6071635.756 mm
0.5 B
Plastic section modulus about x and y axis
⎛ B ⋅ H 2 (B - 2 t) ⋅ (H - 2 t) 2 ⎞ 3
Zx ≔ ⎜―― - ――――――⎟ - ⎛⎝4 A2 ⋅ hy_r2⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝4 A1 ⋅ hy_r1⎞⎠ = 3543491.908 mm
⎝ 4 4 ⎠
⎛ H ⋅ B 2 (H - 2 t) ⋅ (B - 2 t) 2 ⎞ 3
Zy ≔ ⎜―― - ――――――⎟ - ⎛⎝4 A2 ⋅ hx_r2⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝4 A1 ⋅ hx_r1⎞⎠ = 7732025.522 mm
⎝ 4 4 ⎠
Torsional properties
Rc ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ⎛⎝r1 + r2⎞⎠ = 17.5 mm
2 2
Ah ≔ (B - t) ⋅ (H - t) - (4 - π) ⋅ Rc = 255481.113 mm
h0 ≔ 2 (B - t) + 2 (H - t) - 2 (4 - π) ⋅ Rc = 2321.956 mm
2 ⋅ Ah ⋅ t 2
K ≔ ――― = 2640.682 mm
h0
1 3 4
J ≔ ―⋅ h0 ⋅ t + 2 K ⋅ Ah = 1350626191.684 mm
3
III. NOMINAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
1. The effective length of column
Effective length of column about x and y axis
Lcx ≔ Kx ⋅ Lx = 8000 mm
Lcy ≔ Ky ⋅ Ly = 8000 mm
Ratio of Lc/r
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 4 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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Ratio of Lc/r
Lcx Lcy
―― = 60.776 ―― = 25.644
rx ry
‖ L Lcy | | ‖ L Lcy | |
cx cx
Lc ≔ ‖ if ―― ≤ ―― | | = 8000 mm r ≔ ‖ if ―― ≤ ―― | | = 131.632 mm
‖ rx ry | | ‖ rx ry | |
‖ ‖ || ‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Lcy || ‖ ‖ ry ||
‖ else || ‖ else ||
‖ ‖ || ‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Lcx | || ‖ ‖ rx | ||
‖ ‖
Lc
―= 60.776
r
Check the limit ratio of Lc/r
‖ L ||
c
Pass_Fail ≔ ‖ if ―≤ 200| | = “Pass”
‖ r ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Pass” | |
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ “Fail” | |
‖ ‖ ||
2. Compactness of the flange and web
2.1. Flange compactness
Width-to-thickness ratio for the element
tf ≔ t = 12 mm
b
λf ≔ ―= 70.5
tf
Limiting width-to-thickness ratio (non slender/slender)
λrf ≔ ‖ if r1 > 0 | | = 33.708
‖ ||
‖ ‖ E ||
‾‾‾
‖ ‖ 1.40 ⋅ ― | |
‖ ‖‖ Fy |
|
‖ else if r ＝ 0 | |
1
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾
E ||
‖ ‖ 1.49 ⋅ ― | |
‖‖ ‖ Fy | |
|
Flange classification
Flange ≔ ‖ if λf ≤ λrf | | = “Slender”
‖ ||
‖ ‖‖ “Non-slender” | |
‖ ||
‖ else if λf > λrf ||
‖ ‖‖ “Slender” | ||
‖
2.2. Web compactness
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 5 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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2.2. Web compactness
Width-to-thickness ratio for the element
tw ≔ t = 12 mm
h
λw ≔ ―= 20.5
tw
Limiting width-to-thickness ratio (non slender/slender)
λrw ≔ ‖ if r1 > 0 | | = 33.708
‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾
E ||
‖ ‖ 1.40 ⋅ ― | |
‖ ‖‖ Fy |
|
‖ else if r ＝ 0 | |
1
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾
E ||
‖ ‖ 1.49 ⋅ ― | |
‖‖ ‖ Fy | |
|
Web classification
Web ≔ ‖ if λw ≤ λrw | | = “Non-slender”
‖ ||
‖ ‖‖ “Non-slender” | |
‖ ||
‖ else if λw > λrw | |
‖ ‖‖ “Slender” | ||
‖
3. Axial compressive strength with flexural buckling
3.1. The nominal stress
‾‾‾
E
4.71 ⋅ ― = 113.403
Fy
Elastic buckling stress
2
π E
Fe ≔ ―― = 534.406 MPa
⎛ Lc ⎞ 2
⎜―⎟
⎝ r ⎠
The nominal stress
Fy
―= 0.646
Fe
‾‾‾
E
4.71 ⋅ ― = 113.403
Fy
⎛ Fy ⎞
――
⎜ F ⎟
⎝0.658 e ⎠ ⋅ Fy = 263.312 MPa
0.877 ⋅ Fe = 468.674 MPa
‖ L ‾‾‾ ||
‖ c E Fy
Fn ≔ if ―≤ 4.71 ⋅ ―∨ ―≤ 2.25| | = 263.312 MPa
‖ r Fy Fe ||
‖ ‖ ||
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ‖⎛
Fy ⎞
――
||
‖ ‖ ⎜⎝0.658 e ⎟⎠ ⋅ Fy
F
||
KHMER ‖ ‖PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING||
Page 6 of 16
‖ else
||
‖ ‖ 0.877 ⋅ F |
‖ L ‾‾‾ ||
STEEL STRUCTURE E F
c AISC 360-16, 22
y
Fn ≔ ‖ if ―≤ 4.71 ⋅ ―∨ ―≤ 2.25| | = 263.312 MPa
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‖ r Fy Fe ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖⎛
Fy ⎞
⎜
――
Fe ⎟ ||
‖ ‖ ⎝0.658 ⎠ ⋅ Fy ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ 0.877 ⋅ Fe || |
‖ ‖ |
3.2. Effective width of flange
Effective width imperfection adjustment factors
C1 ≔ 0.20
C2 ≔ 1.38
Elastic local buckling stress
⎛ λrf ⎞ 2
Fel ≔ ⎜C2 ⋅ ―⎟ ⋅ Fy = 150.199 MPa
⎝ λf ⎠
Effective width of the flange
‾‾‾
Fy
λrf ⋅ ― = 38.584
Fn
bfe ≔ ‖ if Flange ＝ “Non-Slender” | | = 542.437 mm
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖b ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ⎞ ||
‖ else if λ ≤ λ ⋅ ⎜ ― Fy
f rf
⎟ ||
‖ ⎜⎝ F n⎟ ⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖b ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾
Fy ⎞ ||
‖ else if λf > λrf ⋅ ⎜ ―⎟ ||
‖ ⎜⎝ Fn ⎟⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ||
‖ ‖ ⎜ Fel ⎞ ‾‾‾
‾‾‾ Fel | |
⎟⋅ ―
‖ ‖ b ⋅ 1 - C1 ⋅ ― Fn ⎟⎠ Fn || |
‖ ‖ ⎜
⎝ |
3.3. Effective width of web
Elastic local buckling stress
⎛ λrw ⎞ 2
⎟ ⋅ Fy = ⎛⎝1.776 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ MPa
3
Fel ≔ ⎜C2 ⋅ ――
⎝ λw ⎠
Effective width of the web
‾‾‾
Fy
λrw ⋅ ― = 38.584
Fn
hwe ≔ ‖ if Web ＝ “Non-Slender” | | = 246 mm
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖h ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ||
‖ else if λ ≤ λ ⋅ ⎜ ― Fy ⎞
w rw
⎟ ||
‖ ⎜⎝ Fn ⎟⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ||
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ‖h ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾
Fel ⎞ ||
KHMER‖ else
PREFFESIONAL
if λw > λrw ⋅ ⎜ ENGINEERING
―⎟ || Page 7 of 16
‖ ⎜⎝ Fn ⎟⎠ | |
‖ ‖ ||
we‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖h ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ⎞ ||
STEEL STRUCTURE
‖ AISC 360-16, F22
||
y
else if λw ≤ λrw ⋅ ⎜ ―⎟
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ⎜⎝ Fn ⎟⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖h ||
‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾Fel ⎞ ||
‖ else if λw > λrw ⋅ ⎜ ― ⎟ ||
‖ ⎜⎝ Fn ⎟⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ||
‖ ‖ ⎜ Fel ⎞ ‾‾‾
‾‾‾ Fel | |
⎟⋅ ―
‖ ‖ h ⋅ 1 - C1 ⋅ ― F Fn || |
‖ ‖ ⎜
⎝ n ⎟
⎠
|
3.4. Nominal axial compressive strength
Summation of the effective areas of the cross section based on reduced effective width
2
Ae ≔ A - 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝h - hwe⎞⎠ ⋅ tw - 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝b - bfe⎞⎠ ⋅ tf = 20788.264 mm
Nominal axial compressive strength
Pn1 ≔ Fn ⋅ Ae = 5473.79 kN
4. Nominal axial strength for torsional and flexural torsional buckling
Does not apply!
5. Nominal axial strength for torsional and flexural torsional buckling
The nominal compressive strength
Pn ≔ Pn1 = 5473.79 kN
Strength reduction factor
ϕc ≔ 0.9
Design compressive strength
ϕcPn ≔ ϕc ⋅ Pn = 4926.411 kN
Pu
―― = 101.494%
ϕcPn
Check
‖ Pu ||
PassXFail ≔ ‖ if ―― ≤ 100%| | = “Fail”
‖ ϕcPn ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Pass” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
“Fail” ||
‖ ‖
III. NOMINAL FLEXURAL STRENGTH ABOUT MAJOR AXIS
1. Compactness of the flange and web
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 8 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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1. Compactness of the flange and web
1.1. Flange compactness
Width-to-thickness ratio
b
λf ≔ ―= 70.5
tf
Limiting width to thickness ratio for compact/noncompact
‾‾‾
E
λpf ≔ 1.12 ⋅ ― = 26.966
Fy
Limiting width to thickness ratio for noncompact/slender
λrf ≔ ‖ if r1 > 0 | | = 33.708
‖ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾
E ⎞||
‖ ‖ 1.40 ⋅ ⎜ ―⎟ | |
‖ ‖‖ ⎝ Fy ⎠ | |
‖ else if r ＝ 0 ||
1
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾⎞
E ||
‖ ‖ 1.49 ⋅ ⎜ ―⎟ | |
‖‖ ‖ ⎝ Fy ⎠ | |
|
Flange compactness
Flange_Compactness ≔ ‖ if λf ≤ λpf | | = “Slender”
‖ ||
‖ ‖‖ “Compact” ||
‖ ||
‖ else if λpf < λf ≤ λrf | |
‖ ‖‖ “Non-Compact” | |
‖ ||
‖ else if λf > λpf ||
‖ ‖‖ “Slender” | ||
‖
1.2. Compactness of web
Width-to-thickness ratio
h
λw ≔ ―= 20.5
tw
Limiting width to thickness ratio for noncompact/slender
‾‾‾
E
λpw ≔ 2.42 ⋅ ― = 58.267
Fy
Limiting width to thickness ratio for noncompact/slender
‾‾‾
E
λrw ≔ 5.70 ⋅ ― = 137.24
Fy
Web compactness
Web_Compactness ≔ ‖ if λw ≤ λpw | | = “Compact”
‖ ||
‖ ‖‖ “Compact” ||
‖ ||
‖ else if λpw < λw ≤ λrw| |
‖ ‖‖ “Non-Compact” | |
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ||
‖ else if λw > λrw ||
KHMER PREFFESIONAL ‖ ‖‖ENGINEERING Page 9 of 16
‖
“Slender” | ||
Web_Compactness ≔ ‖ if λw ≤ λpw | | = “Compact”
‖ ||
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16,‖ ‖‖ “Compact”
22 ||
‖ ||
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ else if λpw < λw ≤ λrw| |
‖ ‖‖ “Non-Compact” | |
‖ ||
‖ else if λw > λrw ||
‖ ‖‖ “Slender” | ||
‖
2. Yielding nominal flexural strength
Plastic moment
Mp ≔ Fy ⋅ Zx = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
Nominal flexural strength
Mn1 ≔ Mp = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
3. Flange local buckling nominal flexural strength
3.1. Both of flange and web are compact
Nominal flexural strength
Mn2 ≔ Mp = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
3.2. Flange is noncompact
Nominal flexural strength
⎛ ‾‾‾
Fy ⎞
b
Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜3.57 ⋅ ―⋅ ― - 4.0⎟ = 553.231 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ tf E ⎟⎠
⎛ ⎛ ‾‾‾
Fy ⎞ ⎞
b
Mn3 ≔ min ⎜Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜3.57 ⋅ ―⋅ ― - 4.0⎟ , Mp⎟ = 553.231 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ tf E ⎠⎟ ⎟⎠
3.2. Flange is slender
The effective width of the flange
E ⎛
‾‾‾ 0.38 E ⎞
‾‾‾
1.92 tf ― ⎜1 - ―― ―⎟ = 482.745 mm
Fy ⎜ b Fy ⎟
―
⎜⎝ tf ⎟⎠
E ⎛
‾‾‾ 0.34 E ⎞
‾‾‾
1.92 tf ― ⎜1 - ―― ―⎟ = 490.324 mm
Fy ⎜ b Fy ⎟
―
⎜⎝ tf ⎟⎠
be ≔ ‖ if r1 > 0 | | = 482.745 mm
‖ ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾
E ⎛ 0.38 ‾‾‾
E ⎞ ⎞ ||
‖ ‖ min ⎜1.92 tf ― ⎜1 - ―― ―⎟ , b⎟ | |
‖ ‖ ⎜ Fy ⎜ b
―
Fy ⎟ ⎟ |
|
‖ ‖ ⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠ | |
t
‖ ‖
f
||
‖ else if r1 ＝ 0 ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ⎞ ⎞ ||
‖ ‖ min ⎜1.92 tf ―E 0.34 E
⎜ 1 - ―― ― ⎟ ⎟||
, b
‖ ‖ ⎜ Fy ⎜ b Fy ⎟ ⎟ | |
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ‖ ―
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ tf ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠ | |
‖ ‖ ||
KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 10 of 16
‖ ‖ ⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ tf ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠ | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ else if r1 ＝ 0 ||
STEEL STRUCTURE
‖ ‖ AISC 360-16, 22
⎛ ⎛ ⎞ ⎞ ||
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‾‾‾
E 0.34 ‾‾‾
E
‖ ‖ min ⎜1.92 tf ― ⎜1 - ―― ―⎟ , b⎟ | |
‖ ‖ ⎜ Fy ⎜ b Fy ⎟ ⎟ | |
‖ ‖ ―
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ tf ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠ | |
‖ ‖ ||
A part of the compression flange to be minus
bminus ≔ b - be = 363.255 mm
Moment of inertia will be minus
1 3 4
Iminus ≔ ― ⋅ bminus ⋅ t + ⎛⎝bminus ⋅ t⎞⎠ ⋅ (0.5 H - 0.5 t) 2 = 90441674.408 mm
12
Moment of inertia about x-axis
4
Ixe ≔ Ix - 2 ⋅ Iminus = 305548712.514 mm
Elastic section modulus about x-axis
Ixe 3
Sxe ≔ ――= 2036991.417 mm
0.5 H
Nominal flexural strength
Mn4 ≔ Fy ⋅ Sxe = 702.762 kN ⋅ m
3.3. Flange local buckling nominal flexural strength
Nominal flexural strength
MnFLB ≔ ‖ if Flange_Compactness ＝ “Compact” | | = 702.762 kN ⋅ m
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Mn2 ||
‖
‖ else if Flange_Compactness ＝ “Non-Compact”| |
‖ ||
‖ ‖ Mn3 ||
‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖‖ Mn4 | ||
‖
4. Web local buckling
4.1. Both of flanges and webs are compact
Nominal flexural strength
Mn5 ≔ Mp = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
4.2. Webs is noncompact
Nominal flexural strength
⎛ ‾‾‾
Fy ⎞
h
Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜0.305 ⋅ ―⋅ ― - 0.738⎟ = 1272.111 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ tw E ⎟⎠
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 11 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
_________________________________________________________________________________________
⎛ ⎛ ‾‾‾
Fy ⎞ ⎞
h
Mn6 ≔ min ⎜Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜0.305 ⋅ ―⋅ ― - 0.738⎟ , Mp⎟ = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ tw E ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠
4.3. Webs is slender
Coefficient for slender unstiffened elements
kc ≔ 4.0
The critical stress
0.9 ⋅ E ⋅ kc
Fcr ≔ ――― = 144.862 MPa
⎛ b ⎞2
⎜― ⎟
⎝ tf ⎠
Ratio of 2 times the web area in compression to the compression flange area
⎛ 2 ⋅ h ⋅ tw ⎞
aw ≔ min ⎜――― , 10⎟ = 0.582
⎝ b ⋅ tf ⎠
Available depth of the section
hc ≔ h = 246 mm
Bending strength reduction factor
⎛ aw ⎛ hc E ⎞ ⎞
‾‾‾
Rpg ≔ min ⎜1 - ―――――⋅ ⎜―- 5.7 ⋅ ―⎟ , 1⎟ = 1
⎝ 1200 + 300 ⋅ aw ⎝ tw Fy ⎠ ⎠
Elastic section modulus referred to compression flanges
3
Sxc ≔ Sx = 3242880.409 mm
Nominal flexural strength
Mn7 ≔ Rpg ⋅ Fy ⋅ Sx = 1118.794 kN ⋅ m
4.4. Web local buckling nominal flexural strength
Nominal flexural strength
MnWLB ≔ ‖ if Web_Compactness ＝ “Compact” | | = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ Mn5 ||
‖
‖ else if Web_Compactness ＝ “Non-Compact”| |
‖ ||
‖ ‖ Mn6 ||
‖ ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖‖ Mn7 | ||
‖
5. Lateral-torsional buckling
5.1. The lateral-torsional buckling modification factor
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 12 of 16
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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The lateral-torsional buckling modification factor
⎛ 12.5 ⋅ Mux ⎞
Cb ≔ min ⎜―――――――――― , 3⎟ = 1.136
⎝ 2.5 ⋅ Mux + 3 MA + 4 MB + 3 MC ⎠
5.2. Limiting length and other available parameter
The limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of yielding
‾‾‾‾
J⋅A
Lp ≔ 0.13 E ⋅ ry ――― = 40855.403 mm
Mp
The limiting laterally unbraced length for the limit state of inelastic lateral torsional buckling
‾‾‾‾
J⋅A
Lr ≔ 2 E ⋅ ry ⋅ ―――― = 981157.253 mm
0.7 ⋅ Fy ⋅ Sx
5.3. Nominal flexural strength when Lb ≤ Lp
Nominal flexural strength
Mn8 ≔ Mp = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
5.4. Nominal flexural strength when Lp < Lb ≤ Lr
Nominal flexural strength
⎛ ⎛ Lb - Lp ⎞⎞
⎟⎟ = ⎛⎝1.407 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ kN ⋅ m
3
Cb ⋅ ⎜Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - 0.7 ⋅ Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜―――
⎝ ⎝ Lr - Lp ⎠⎠
⎛ ⎛ ⎛ Lb - Lp ⎞⎞ ⎞
Mn9 ≔ min ⎜Cb ⋅ ⎜Mp - ⎛⎝Mp - 0.7 ⋅ Fy ⋅ Sx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟⎟ , Mp⎟ = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
⎝ ⎝ ⎝ Lr - Lp ⎠⎠ ⎠
5.4. Nominal flexural strength when Lb > Lr
Nominal flexural strength
‾‾‾‾
J⋅A
2 E ⋅ Cb ⋅ ――― = 109147.559 kN ⋅ m
Lb
―
ry
⎛ ‾‾‾‾ ⎞
J⋅A
Mn10 ≔ min ⎜2 E ⋅ Cb ⋅ ――― , Mp⎟ = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
⎜ Lb ⎟
⎜ ― ⎟
⎝ ry ⎠
5.5. Available flexural strength for LTB
Nominal flexural strength
MnLTB ≔ ‖ if Lb ≤ Lp| | = 1222.505 kN ⋅ m
‖ ||
‖ ‖ Mn8 | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ if L b ≤ L |
r |
‖ ‖M ||
‖ ‖ n9 ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖M ||
‖‖ ‖ n10 || |
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 13 of 16
‖ if Lb ≤ Lr| |
‖ ‖M ||
‖ n9 |
STEEL STRUCTURE‖ |
AISC| 360-16, 22
‖ else |
_________________________________________________________________________________________
‖ ‖M ||
||
‖‖ ‖ n10
|
6. Nominal flexural strength (summary)
Nominal flexural strength
Mn ≔ min ⎛⎝Mp , MnFLB , MnWLB , MnLTB⎞⎠ = 702.762 kN ⋅ m
Strength reduction factor
ϕb ≔ 0.9
Flexural strength
ϕbMn ≔ Mn ⋅ ϕb = 632.486 kN ⋅ m
Check
Mux
――= 5.521%
ϕbMn
‖ Mux ||
PassXFail ≔ ‖ if ――≤ 100%| | = “Pass”
‖ ϕbMn ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Pass” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
“Fail” ||
‖ ‖
IV. NOMINAL SHEAR STRENGTH
Design wall thickness
t = 12 mm
Width resisting the shear force
h ≔ H - 2 t - 2 r1 = 246 mm
Area subjected to shear
2
Aw ≔ 2 h ⋅ t = 5904 mm
Web plate shear buckling coefficient
kv ≔ 5
Web shear buckling strength coefficient
h
―= 20.5
t
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STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
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‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E
1.10 ⋅ ――= 59.222
Fy
‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E
1.37 ⋅ ――= 73.758
Fy
‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E
1.10 ⋅
――
Fy
――――― = 2.889
h
―
tw
1.51 ⋅ kv ⋅ E
―――― = 10.415
⎛ h ⎞2
⎜―⎟ ⋅ Fy
⎝ tw ⎠
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾ ||
h kv ⋅ E
Cv2 ≔ ‖ if ―≤ 1.10 ⋅ ―― ||=1
‖ t Fy ||
‖ ‖ w ||
‖ ‖ 1.0 ||
‖
‖ else if 1.10 ⋅ ――
‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E h kv ⋅ E | |
‾‾‾‾‾
< ―≤ 1.37 ⋅ ――| |
‖ Fy tw Fy | |
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ ‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E ||
‖ ‖ 1.10 ⋅ ―― ||
‖ ‖ ――――― Fy
||
‖ ‖ h ||
‖ ‖ ―
tw ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾
kv ⋅ E ||
h
‖ else if ― > 1.37 ⋅ ―― ||
‖ tw Fy ||
‖ ‖ ||
1.51 ⋅ kv ⋅ E
‖ ‖ ―――― ||
‖ ‖ ⎛ h ⎞2 ||
‖ ‖ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ Fy ||
‖ ‖ ⎝ tw ⎠ | ||
‖
Nominal shear strength
Vn ≔ 0.6 ⋅ Fy ⋅ Aw ⋅ Cv2 = 1222.128 kN
Strength reduction factor
ϕv ≔ 0.9
Shear strength
ϕvVn ≔ Vn ⋅ ϕv = 1099.915 kN
Working ratio
Vu
―― = 0.596%
ϕvVn
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KHMER PREFFESIONAL ENGINEERING Page 15 of 16
Vu
STEEL STRUCTURE AISC 360-16, 22
―― = 0.596%
_________________________________________________________________________________________
ϕvVn
Check
‖ Vu ||
PassXFail ≔ ‖ if ―― ≤ 100%| | = “Pass”
‖ ϕvVn ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Pass” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
“Fail” ||
‖ ‖
V. COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND SHEAR AND FLEXURE
Required axial strength
Pr ≔ Pu = 5000 kN
Design tensile or compressive strength
Pc ≔ ϕcPn = 4926.411 kN
Required flexural strength
Mr ≔ Mux = 34.92 kN ⋅ m
Design flexural strength
Mc ≔ ϕbMn = 632.486 kN ⋅ m
Required shear strength
Vr ≔ Vu = 6.56 kN
Design shear strength
Vc ≔ ϕvVn = 1099.915 kN
Working ratio
⎛ Pr Mr ⎞ ⎛ Vr ⎞ 2
DCR ≔ ⎜―+ ―― ⎟ + ⎜―⎟ = 107.018%
⎝ Pc Mc ⎠ ⎝ Vc ⎠
‖ ⎛ ||
Pr Mr ⎞ ⎛ Vr ⎞ 2
PassXFail ≔ ‖ if ⎜―+ ―― ⎟ + ⎜―⎟ ≤ 1| | = “Fail”
‖ ⎝ Pc Mc ⎠ ⎝ Vc ⎠ ||
‖ ‖ ||
‖ ‖ “Pass” ||
‖ else ||
‖ ‖ ||
“Fail” ||
‖‖ ‖
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