SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
INFERENCE:
Effective shading plays a crucial role in balancing occupant comfort and
daylight quality in buildings by controlling solar heat gain and glare
without excessively blocking beneficial natural light.
Enhancing Comfort
Controls solar heat gain: Shading elements like overhangs, louvers, and
canopies block high-angle sun, significantly reducing indoor overheating
and improving thermal comfort.
Reduces glare: Well-designed shading prevents direct sunlight from striking
work surfaces and screens, minimizing eye strain and improving occupant
well-being.
Daylight Quality
Preserves useful daylight: Shading can be calibrated to admit diffuse
daylight while blocking harsh direct rays, maintaining a bright, pleasant
interior environment without resorting to artificial lighting during the day.
Seasonal adaptability: Adjustable shading devices (dynamic blinds,
operable louvers) allow more daylight in winter when the sun is lower and
restrict it during summer, achieving year-round daylight balance.
Summary Table
Shading Strategy Impact on Comfort & Daylight
Fixed Overhangs Block summer sun, admit winter sun, reduce heat
& glare Vertical Louvers Control low-angle sun, balance
morning/evening light Adjustable Devices Optimize daylight,
respond to seasonal needs
Optimal shading design strikes a balance—maximizing visual and thermal
comfort while ensuring healthy, dynamic daylight conditions indoors.
NAME: P O O J A M U T T I N E N I II Year / III Sem
REG NO.:RA2411201010070 [Link]
BUILDING WITH SUNSHADE:
I
LOCATION AND TIME:
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DAY LENGTH GRAPH
Blue band Duration of daylight hours daily/year‐
round Band edges Sunrise (upper), sunset (lower)
Variation in width Change in day length due to seasons
Marked times Sunrise at 06:05, sunset at 18:13 (September sample)
I
I
CARTESIAN GRAPH:
Red curve Actual sun’s hourly path for this
date/location Yellow dot Sun’s position at ~7 AM local
solar time Orange curves Sun’s path across different
seasons Blue bands Twilight and night periods
Axes Sun altitude (vertical), azimuth/direction (horizontal)
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GRAPH:
Red curve Sun’s hourly path for the selected day
Yellow dot Actual sun position at ~7 AM
Orange paths Seasonal sun path variation
Concentric grid Solar altitude (higher = closer to zenith)
Outer ring Cardinal directions, horizon location.
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EQUIDISTANT GRAPH:
Red curve Sun’s position each hour (day
selected) Yellow dot Actual position at 7 AM
Orange curves Path on other dates/seasons
Concentric rings Solar altitude above horizon
Circle perimeter Horizon and cardinal
directions
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SPHERICAL GRAPH:
Red curve Sun’s hourly positions (selected
day) Yellow dot Actual sun position at 7 AM
Orange curves Seasonal sun arc variation
Concentric rings Solar altitude from horizon to
zenith Outer circle Horizon and cardinal directions
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BUILDING WITHOUT SUNSHADE:
I
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
DAY LENGTH GRAPH:
Blue band Daily duration of daylight
Band edges Sunrise (top), sunset (bottom)
Variation in width Seasonal change in day length
Marked times Example date: 06:05 sunrise, 18:13 sunset
NAME:: POOJA II Year / III Sem [Link]
MUTTINENI
REG NO.:
RA2411201010070
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
ANALEMMA GRAPH:
Date Equation of Time (min) Declination Angle (°) Interpretation
1 Jan about ‐3 ‐23.5 Winter solstice, sun at most south
1 Feb about ‐14 ‐17 Deep winter, sun starts moving north
1 Mar about ‐13 ‐7 Late winter, declination increasing
1 Apr about ‐4 15 Early spring, EoT negative, equinox
1 May about +3 15 Late spring, sun high above equator
1 Jun about +3 23 Approaching summer solstice
1 Jul about ‐4 23.5 Summer solstice, sun at most north
1 Aug about ‐6.5 18 Sun moving south, EoT negative
1 Sep about 0 7 Early autumn, declination decreasing
1 Oct about 11 ‐3 Autumnal equinox
1 Nov about +17 ‐15 Sun far south, EoT positive (clock lag)
1 Dec about+11.5 ‐23 Approaching winter solstice
NAME:: POOJA MUTTINENI
II Year / III Sem [Link]
REG NO. :
RA2411201010070
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
CARTESIAN GRAPH:
Date Equation of Time (minutes) Declination Angle (degrees) Description
Jan 1 ‐3 ‐23.5 Winter solstice, sun low in southern sky
Feb 1 ‐14 ‐17 Moving towards spring, sun rises higher
Mar 1 ‐13 ‐7 Late winter/early spring
Apr 1 ‐4 15 Spring equinox approaching
May 1+3 15 Late spring, sun higher overhead
Jun 1 +3 23 Near summer solstice
Jul 1 ‐4 23 Summer solstice, highest sun angle
Aug 1 ‐6.5 18 Sun starting to decline from peak
Sep 1 0 7 Approaching autumn equinox
Oct 1 11 ‐3 Autumn equinox
Nov 1 +17 ‐15 Late autumn, early winter
Dec 1 +11.5 ‐23 Winter solstice approaching
NAME: POOJA MUTTINENI II Year / III Sem
[Link]
REG NO.:RA2411201010070
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
STEREOGRAPHIC GRAPH:
This stereographic sun path diagram depicts the apparent movement of the sun
across the sky throughout the day. The red curve, marked with hourly intervals,
shows the sun’s position from sunrise to sunset. The low arc of the path suggests
it represents a winter day when the sun stays close to the horizon. This indicates
shorter daylight hours and reduced solar altitude, meaning less direct sunlight
and weaker solar intensity. Such diagrams are useful for understanding seasonal
variations in sunlight exposure, solar energy planning, and architectural design
considerations.
NAME: POOJA MUTTINENI II Year / III Sem
[Link]
REG NO.:RA2411201010070
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
EQUIDISTANT GRAPH:
This equidistant sun path diagram shows the apparent movement of
the sun across the sky over the course of a day. The red curve
represents the sun’s hourly positions, while the orange lines indicate
different solar paths throughout the year. The sun’s low arc in this
diagram suggests a winter season, where the sun remains close to the
horizon, resulting in shorter daylight duration and lower solar elevation.
Such a diagram helps in analyzing sunlight exposure, optimizing solar
panel orientation, and designing energy-efficient buildings by
understanding how sunlight interacts with a location throughout the
day and year.
NAME: POOJA MUTTINENI II Year / III Sem
[Link]
REG NO.:RA2411201010070
SRM Institute of Science & Technology
(Deemed to be university u/s 3 of UGC Act,
1956) School of Architecture & Interior
Design 19ARB211T Climate Responsive
Architecture
SPHERICAL GRAPH:
This spherical sun path diagram illustrates the apparent movement of the sun
across the sky during the day. The red line traces the sun’s hourly positions from
sunrise to sunset, while the circular grid represents different solar altitudes and
azimuths. The low curve of the path suggests it corresponds to a winter period
when the sun remains close to the horizon. This results in shorter days, lower
solar elevation, and weaker sunlight intensity. Such diagrams are valuable for
studying seasonal solar variation, optimizing building orientation, and planning for
effective use of natural daylight.
NAME: POOJA MUTTINENI II Year / III Sem
[Link]
REG NO.:RA2411201010070