WORK 1: Exercises Chapter 1

Group: 3

Integrantes: Juan Diego Cabrera, Josue Fiscal, Bayron Paredes

4.3. A three-phase overhead transmission line is designed to supply 190.5 MVA at 220 KV.
at a distance of 63 km, so that the total loss of the transmission line does not exceed the
2.5% of the nominal line MVA. Given the resistivity of the conductor material for it to be
2.84x10 ^ -8 W-m, determine the diameter of the required conductor and the size of the conductor in
circular mils. Disregard energy losses due to leakage currents from the
insulator and the crown.

2.5
Pérdidas = 190.5 * 106∗ = 4.7625 MW
100
190.5M
== 499.933 A
220k *3√

4.7625M
= = = 6.3517Ω
3 * I2 3 ∗ 499.9332
∗
=

∗ ( 2.84x10^−8∗ )(63000)
= = = 2.816* 10-4 2
6.3517
2
= ∗
4

A*4 2.816∗ 10-4* 4

=√ = √ = 0.0189 = 1.89

2=
0.0189m 1inches 1 mile
= ( ∗ ∗ )2= 553536
1 0.0254m 0.001inches

4.6. A circuit of a single-phase transmission line consists of three solid cables.

radius of 0.5 cm. The return circuit is made up of two solid wires with a radius of 2.5 cm.
The arrangement of the conductors is as shown in figure 1. Applying the concept of
GMD and GMR, find the inductance of the complete line in milli henries per kilometer.
 Figure 1

6
Dm = √20 * 25 * 15 * 20 * 10 * 15 = 160.80 m
9 -0.25 0.005 times 5 times 10)∗ ( −0.25
=√( ∗ 0.005 ∗ 5 ∗) 5∗ ( −0.25∗ 0.005 ∗ 5 ∗ 10)
= 0.536
4 -0.25 2 0.312 m
=√( 0.025 times 5) =

16.80
Lx = 0.2 * ln = 0.68 mH/km
0.536
16.80
Lx = 0.2 * ln 0.797 mH/km
0.312
L = Lx + Ly = 0.68 + 0.797 = 1.477 mH/km

4.9. A transposed three-phase line is composed of an ACSR conductor of 1,431,000 cmil,

47/7 Bobolink per phase with a flat horizontal spacing of 11 meters as shown in the
Figure 2. The conductors have a diameter of 3.625 cm and a GMR of 1.439 cm. The line must
to be replaced by a package of three conductors of ACSR 477,000 cmil, 26/7 conductors
Hawk that have the same cross-sectional area of aluminum as the single line.
conductor. The conductors have a diameter of 2.1793 cm and a GMR of 0.8839 cm. The new
the line will also have a flat horizontal configuration, but it must be operated at a higher voltage
high and, therefore, the space between phases increases to 14 m, measured from the center of the
you do as shown in Figure 3. The spacing between the conductors in the package is 45
cm. Determine

The percentage change in inductance.

The percentage change in capacitance

Figure 2

Figure 3
First, the geometric mean distance (GMD) of the first configuration is calculated,
then the inductance and capacitance.

3
= 11
√ * 11 * 22 = 13.859m
13.859
L = 2 * 10-7ln = 2 * 10-7ln 1.374 mH/Km
0.01439
2πε 2πε
= = = 0.008374 μF/Km
13.859
ln( ) ln( )
1.8125 * 10-2
First, the geometric mean distance (GMD) of the second configuration is calculated,
luego la inductancia y capacitancia.
3
= 14
√ * 14 * 28 = 17.6389m
3
= √45 2* (0.8839) = 12.1416
D=GMD

r=2.1793cm/2 =1.089cm
3 3
D=GMRC=√ 2* r = √452∗ 1.089 = 13.018 cm
13.859
L = 2 * 10-7ln equals 2 times 10-7ln 1.374 mH/Km
0.01439
2πε 2πε
= = 0.011326 /
17.6389
ln( )ln( )
13.018 multiplied by 10-2

a) The percentage change in inductance.

1.374 − 0.9957
* ( 100 ) = 27.53%
1.374
b) The percentage change in capacitance

0.001326-0.008374
* ( 100 ) = 35.25%
0.008374

4.12. The conductors of a double circuit three-phase transmission line are placed in the
corner of a hexagon as shown in Figure 3. The two circuits are in parallel and
they share the balanced load equally. The conductors of the circuits are identical, each
one with a radius r. Suppose that the line is symmetrically transposed. Using the method
from GMD, determine an expression for the capacitance per phase per meter of the line
 Figure 4

1 1= 1 2= 1 2= 1 2= 1 2= 2 2= 3D√

= = = 4√ 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2= √ 1 1 1 2= 3
1/4

GMD = 31/4

= = (r * 2D)1/2
2πϵ 4πε
= = /
31/2∗ 2 0.866
ln( 2r * D ) 1/2 ln( )

4.15. Since the earth is a equipotential plane, the electric field lines are forced to
cut the surface of the earth orthogonally. The ground effect can be represented
placing conductors with opposite charge at a depth H below the surface of the
land as shown in Figure 4.37 (a). This configuration without the presence of the heart
will produce the same field as a single charge and the surface of the earth. This conductor
imaginary is called image conductor. Figure 4.37 (b) shows a single-phase line with
its image conductors. Find the potential difference Vab and demonstrate that the
The equivalent capacitance of neutral is given by:

Figure 5

2πe
= =
2H
ln( ∗ )
12

The potential Vab is given by:

1 12 2H
= [ ∗ − ∗ + ∗ − ∗ ]
2πε 2H 12
Substituting =− , we obtain:
2H
= ln(*) )]
12

= =
2H
ln( * )
12

Therefore, the capacitance equivalent to the neutral is:

2πε
= = 2C =
2H
ln( * )
12