Solved Problems ( Chapter 2)
1 - In the circuit shown below, what is the potential difference across A and B ?
a) 60 V b) 45 V c) 30 V d) 20 V
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2 - Four resistors are connected as shown, and a 6 volt d.c. battery of negligible
resistance is connected across terminal A, C. The potential difference across terminal B, D
will be :
a) 0 V b) 1.5 V c) 2 V d) 3 V
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3 – The diagram below shows an electrical circuit.
a) Calculate the power dissipated by resistor.
b) Calculate the p.d. across the filament lamp.
Solution:
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4 - The load across a battery consists of two resistors, with values of 15 Ohm and 45 Ohm
connected in series. What is the total resistance of the load? What is the voltage of the
battery if the current in the circuit is 0.1 A? what is the power dissipated in 45 Ohm
resistor.
ANS: Req = 60Ω, E = 6v, power = 0.45w
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5 - The emf of a battery in the following circuit is 9 V.
If the reading on the voltmeter is 7.5 V when the switch is closed then
calculate:
(a) The current reading on the ammeter ANS: I=7.5/15 = 0.5A
(b) The lost volts the lost volts = 9 - 7.5 =1.5v
(c) The internal resistance of the battery.
ANS: r = the lost voltage / I = 1.5 / 0.5 = 3Ω
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6)
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7)
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8)
A second 40 resistor is connected in parallel with the first. What is the
new current and the new p.d.?
E
Need r first : New I =
r+R
E
1.5
I = I = RP = 4/2
r+R
1 + RP
= 2Ω
1.5 1.5
0.3 = I =
r+4 1+2
0.3 (r + 4) = 1.5
= 0.5A
0.3r + 1.2 = 1.5
New Vtpd = I R
0.3r = 1.5 – 1.2 = 0.3
= 0.5 x 2
0.3
r= = 1Ω = 1.0 V
0.3
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Q-
1) A portable hair dryer, plugged into a 110 V outlet, has a current of 10 A flowing
through it. What is the power rating of the hair dryer? 1100W
2) A microwave oven operates on 1500 W of power and is used for 20 minutes. How
much electrical energy, in joules and kW•h, is used by the microwave oven?
1.8×106 J= 0.45 kW•h
3) A refrigerator operates on average for 12 hours a day. If the power rating of the
fridge is 600 W, how much electrical energy does the fridge use in one week, in
joules and kW•h? 1.81×108 J = 50.4 kW•h
4) A hair dryer that has a power rating of 1200 W uses 2.50 kW•h in one week. For
how many hours (or minutes) is the hair dryer used daily on average? 2.08h
5) A washing machine has a current of 12 A flowing through it and a resistance of
3 Ω. Calculate the power of the washing machine. 432 W
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1- If a 220 V heater is used on 110 V supply, heat produced by it will be —— as
much.
(a) one-half (b) twice (c) one-fourth (d) four times
2- For a given line voltage, four heating coils will produce maximum heat when
connected:
(a) all in parallel
(b) all in series
(c) with two parallel pairs in series
(d) one pair in parallel with the other two in series
3- Two heaters, rated at 1000 W, 250 volts each, are connected in series across a 250
Volts 50 Hz A.C. mains. The total power drawn from the supply would be ———
watt.,
(a) 1000 (b) 500 (c) 250 (d) 2000