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Docker Essentials: Concepts & Commands

Docker is an open-source platform that automates deployment through containerization, offering benefits such as portability and isolation. Key concepts include images, containers, Dockerfiles, and networking options, while Docker Compose and Swarm facilitate multi-container applications and orchestration. Best practices for security and common commands are also outlined for effective Docker usage.

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7 views2 pages

Docker Essentials: Concepts & Commands

Docker is an open-source platform that automates deployment through containerization, offering benefits such as portability and isolation. Key concepts include images, containers, Dockerfiles, and networking options, while Docker Compose and Swarm facilitate multi-container applications and orchestration. Best practices for security and common commands are also outlined for effective Docker usage.

Uploaded by

r76906061
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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■ 1.

Introduction to Docker
Docker is an open-source platform for automating deployment using
containerization.
 Build once, run anywhere.
Benefits: Lightweight, Portable, Fast, Consistent, Isolated.

■ 2. Key Concepts
Image: Blueprint for containers (immutable).
Container: Running instance of an image.
Dockerfile: Instructions to build an image.
Daemon: Background service managing Docker objects.
Client: Command-line interface (CLI).
Registry: Stores images (e.g., Docker Hub).
Volume: Persistent storage for containers.
Network: Enables container communication.

■ 3. Docker Architecture
Client  sends commands to Daemon.
Daemon  builds, runs, and manages containers.
Images  templates for containers.
Containers  instances of images.
Registry  stores and distributes images.

■ 4. Dockerfile Example
FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["npm", "start"]

■ 5. Networking
bridge: Default network (same host).
host: Shares host network (no isolation).
none: No networking.
overlay: Multi-host networking for Swarm.

■ 6. Volumes
docker volume create my-volume
docker run -v my-volume:/data app
docker volume inspect my-volume
■ 7. Docker Compose
Compose defines and runs multi-container apps using [Link]
Example:
version: '3' services: web: image: nginx ports: - '80:80' db: image:
mysql environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root

■ 8. Swarm & Orchestration


Swarm enables clustering and orchestration of Docker nodes.
Commands:
docker swarm init
docker service create --name web -p 80:80 nginx
docker stack deploy -c [Link] mystack

■ 9. Security Best Practices


■ Use official base images.
■ Do not run containers as root.
■ Minimize layers and image size.
■ Use .dockerignore to exclude unnecessary files.
■ Scan images for vulnerabilities (docker scan).

■ 10. Common Interview Questions


 Difference between image and container.
 Docker vs Virtual Machine.
 How to persist data in Docker?
 Explain Docker namespaces and cgroups.
 How to reduce Docker image size?

■ 11. Useful Commands Summary


docker images  list images
docker build -t name .  build image
docker run -d -p 8080:80 name  run container
docker ps -a  list containers
docker exec -it bash  open shell
docker system prune -a  cleanup unused data

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