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Chapter 5 - Notes

The document discusses various integral calculus concepts, including the area and distance problems, Riemann sums, and the evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals. It provides examples of estimating areas under curves using rectangles, interpreting integrals in terms of areas, and applying the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Additionally, it outlines properties of definite integrals and includes exercises for practice.

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Fadi Hasan
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5 views21 pages

Chapter 5 - Notes

The document discusses various integral calculus concepts, including the area and distance problems, Riemann sums, and the evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals. It provides examples of estimating areas under curves using rectangles, interpreting integrals in terms of areas, and applying the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Additionally, it outlines properties of definite integrals and includes exercises for practice.

Uploaded by

Fadi Hasan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
5 integrals 5.1 | The Area and Distance Problems fe) A Dx (Fe +toaye -- fom) gw Ox VF) — Reimann Som ier Casing righ enapoiMs) - 0 A lien Ox V2 fox Dun bow 7 = a+pxt| = nin+t Dokl. 171 2 AO) rea 5 FF et nen tn! aiid fa G n a ss Now) a slice Os ie OF a nae SM—sn4) naw Sn’ Exocmple—fr:n3 Hye exvens unde the cave ftay= 2xt)—from x= 0 be 23 2 &. b pens Reimann Sum with righ} endgnntss Q, = dx Eten) . Ea - 5,4...35 mp Xp Ae dnizorgrsal SS Re trek “EY a keai+) = 2 AOY 40) ais ae | AX Dxfexy 40x06) 4 Dx fog 4-- Dx Fi 1. Estimate the area under f(2)=14+2? from 2 =—1to a = 5 using 3 rectangles nnd right endpoints. & | Ry = Dx L fmt fom) + toa) » bx = Bork: sop. = 2 CFU) + £34 #6)) =r [2 +lo+ 2} —_ =% =H “i i: a Evaluate the following integrals using Riemann sums with right endpoints 2 f(s? +04 2)d0 4 year oxi = 1th \Corbis braabe jet = 3 Pi er ot yal £5) 6 ~ af inns +2 rinti)(20n) 5 sn} oat a +5 1 Yh *42) de = Sine | —69 (ntl) 4 18 (nn) Gan) A doe Tine| = Coa) 4 Brenna) 15) nye callrex =B Vin SBA C2 a sin, ae Le +8 2 =e Gee =e 2 a) f@r+3)de ox= foe tes Bee Oh | (thes year onis et bi = Fi =i. (4 rton +3n} L = 4inn) are foxady = lie, LOM] . 2 wae Sea woe Rye EXAMPLE 1. Use rectangles to estimate the area under the parabola y = x? fromOtol (se Y rectensyes) Oxley Hm) + 40 + Flay) ) 7 LAC + Fa) t+ tly) =alhe neh el EXAMPLE 3 Let A be the area of the region that lies under the graph of f(x) = e between x = O and x= (a) Using right endpoints, find an expression for A as a limit. Do*norevalwate the Himit, 8. Find an expression for the integral [¢*" "4dr aso limit of Riemann sums using right endpoints a giienil es (De mob evaluate Phe lini). 16-19 Use Definition 2 to find an expression forthe area i eaeiapen coe ip amet © 16. fis) ve, O14 we 0 HeIt Ki 17. fl) =2 4 sits, O ge On [ttm +m) +s- + £0%9) 205 Ef (e9 Ft) + 4 fey) EXAMPLE 3 Evaluate Le — 6x) dx. sings Reimann sam with righ endpeins OS bxe ie 23 ‘ Ruz ox Tr dbx) pa Bln 27(nny er 4 n 4 4 2 = LGR 6lat) J [ORG Ddam lin, (3% — 20} =o fe AFP 4a) jg BIR fim a Le a oa =2 Bye BEY = ag ra = 4 aa dleny = LS - (ne 2 [oe Sey) | EXAMPLE 4 | (a) Set up an expression for { e* dx as a limit of sums. ir a1ehs R= Dx Efow Real e* 5 a hE EXAMPLE 5 Evaluate the following integrals by interpreting each in terms of areas. [via Fax () [@- Dae wits | fren feet cite of ands 4 ang tone Sg SS to » Jonnds Leo 44 evi) KL wel 0 x=1 ae =o - A | 7, Evaluate the integrals by interpreting it in terms of arens ® 3 ah a) J @o-seyaer b) J@e-nar ° ile 2 a al 2 fei 9 [eR len ffeedeF Ju 9) Qa osx Sete 5 JS U0-Sxddoe = £(0-- 2) (20) — 3 (5-a)E15) = = Yo~ ars 2B D9] hx) : JJPlie He-weda4e-509 = 44235 = 6-45 7. Evaluate the integrals by interpreting it in terms of aseas 5 2 3 a) J ao-seyee b) J @eter °) [fsa “2 A 4 @) fbe-tjee 0 [ee 0 flrten Fe a 4 d) Y= [x=] 3 28-120 3 x= ‘ Jf lalde= $90 + L(edyuy ° ah he I Properties of the Definite Integral . [irever | 2iee x=0 [{forar=-[ papas 2 a [favax + [fear = [Lfarax Properties of the Integral 7 1, [ede = (6 — a), where cis any constant Jo ea S(B--N= 20 2. [Ly + aod = fPreoar + [ends vey, % 3. Pereyar= ef’ "flx) dx, where ¢ is any constant 4. PP L/e) — aonldx = fey dx — [? a6 ax |_| Comparison Properties of the Integral 6. If f(x) = Ofora0. | | 7. If £0) = g(x) fora de + | Pods = re) + (es a Fil Dates = (61-10) -5.-4423 9 9 » @r J ‘fla)de = 37 and J g(a)de = 16, find J[2fe)+392)]ar a, a 0 2 f Peodn # 4S Sodan = 267) + 3 (6) =--— G@) Enh of the regions A,B and C bounded by the graph of f sd the sasha nen 3. Fi he vale of ju (o)+20+ sae [tertarsdes J fteiey Les. “4 [i fonds x i fonde+ f toad ¢ (SE + sa). = 343-34 (19--4) = @ it fa) = J Vite dt. Find r(Z} 0 : ° 4£G)= [iasng Osx — fi y E“=nigg bs @ Ey x VSiag (“Siny) + GS => £3). WF Sine *) 5.4 Indefinite Integrals EXAMPLE 1 Find the general indefinite integral 2 - Jor! ~ 2seei9 ax He — thanx + $4 = [olx Cexdx = —Csex+ © — “1 we ZK UE + Bhan ie = ES cos EXAMPLE? Evaluate [ Sgn, = exameue Fat f (20°— 5+ # 4 2 Ya— a % EXAMPLES ete fEAELD = ert —e )de = 2643 i G Find the following integrals vile) 2 Hevea) 3B ffen-a)(ons2) au, putes % 2 I forex eres ig deteeg: 3 f@drunayde = Ms 2 +e % Ys a oe ee a ge 4: olny 2 em He i a CD) Find the following integrals 1 [Beg] 2 (erase +2") de 3, [(2u-1)(Bu+2) au 4, preteen 5. foce(sertans) te 6 [SMD de 7. [fot ai(yzy« siege eo bete wierd eT So vse " — 1 Jerboa fate 5, ete Fawenh: = fonx t Stee +0 in( 2x) 2 Six tose = ASinx te ee f fink) =f ek Tin x Sinlang = 2 Sinye Cos ze toix= Set —) 5. [e+ fancy) dx Te de er dann te. & [Gey e=f [ley ey de =f (nae, X) dye =n sre Zag ¥ [Raye dye EH PS rye On 4. le ¢e Jdx = % 4a) ) : ; q 2 op [or fx (amretdy = fGertee dee ay 2 slr omy x a 4 i I. [seer dx Yoox] = | (4an4— tani) \ “4 + Wa Je = Shey —3 sng | = OC) . wf i ee ™ Wee = flax pes teen = OI 13. oman B21 14. I (<= fe dye tan |2 = beh Leb = -0= B ew ° 145, j(e+pe-1)) ae = fod +f) ~i[d: 2xnjpao—> x= + 0 a @ © Es fowafiwn Serer “a Sy eal Az a A ~ = 24-49] (28a se ° % Le 2 | 47. f(sinhs cosh) de = Cothx— sich [= (Gaka — sinh) — Cookery !Ginht2)) = =2 Sinha 2 | 2 ™ . | ae. | Sins (It He Fly oban a) fg sec” x sf son BK any) : = ae) ne 16. | fins a + fe 0 Oz2K 3% ~ = = f sinx dx + f —sinx J o . n = OH 4 op = ons 5.5 | The Substitution Rule | | [The Substitution Rule If w = os) ia diferentabe function whose range is an ntervalF and f i continuous on then frlocsn atarax = f fluyau Ferb with quick rf ol floyd = CAO 0 née] a J xrby'de 2 [oo ake Jn Jaxo) se tn (ance) de = ~ Blab) oe m ytb gat € dx = Sg-+e EXAMPLE? Evaluate [ in# Tax. = {Genta Fos a Exomafle: | cs'(sn-syae = LA (9D 40 (49x (79 Ofe dks Co +e ® Saag = EXAMPLE 4 Evaluate j e* dr. — he EXAMPLE7 Evaluate [' v7 Tdx = $A | EXAMPLE 3 Bint | ae & ae * a : adr) £e cs EXAMPLE 1 Find | x" cos(EM#80) dx. eR 9 dus 4x dx 5 des. = a ie a -£ fo & f Cou) Gy Joly du. =¥ Sinwy +e =p Sin (olen) 6 EXAMPLE 6. Bate funds = 2 Ja Uz Ct —> dus—sinxdx = de oe ne a fs E J = ~An|u} re. =the ee = On) see x| +E. |scex| + C ds, we dnx —> dustdx > dx=xdu Pt wool =0 yee EXAMPLES Esse f° a, 2 ze = [ (65%) dx =G-s9) Saf 2 5 1 = gle 2 '-¢2)') = EXAMPLES Find [JTF F edz ws [txt dl free deed ws 25 {Wiaun) wt de =z [e a ae %, BA =i Rdtepd w)ee, {ar dx a usl+x [7] Integrals of Symmetric Functions Suppose f is continuous on [—a, al (@) I iseven[f(—2) = f(a)} then [* foyade = 2 70) de (b) I fis odd [f(—x) = F(x) then [ fla) dr = 0. my Evens Xp %, Cyxe, Ix), Conshent odds %) 2) Sinx, dan oid \ odd Fold = odd pas Jody = 0 odds odd = ever ete ts + a Oven F even = even @ Find the following integrals 1, f(ar+0)" dane -1 de 1 * om 3 Jove 4 fer de aa = laxt¥) Fa = Taantas = [14095 oe = Blox) ro = £— ie 3 ae = F480? 20 5. f(cin(42) +s0e%(80)) de 6. fsinzeosln dr 7, sin(¥2) jose de ‘L+cosr © - BH +4000) \ nie | @ weitere © v2 08% duc —Sapdy — dee we duz~sinx dx in Hie rs Jsfe race ge Sone a 2 SK de x hte @ ue shes Edy den G5 )du * san} t esx] +e Hee ay =-2AWIt¢ = 1 bs 40 i re 32? + 62-5 1 us yee Se dx dee du fee du = Csumee = Os(ty+e | @ ux 3xebn-5 —y ualbxee) dey Jee 5 {= = = 5 EAI tes Zhi |3xi+6x-5) +¢ ‘sing cos a 3A 4 13. [oec°ztanbe de 14. eee mee de 15, FEB ae 16, [ave rd ae fd Lean? 2 diez? b Uden a du= sen aie @ Eas a es Se Pole. 6 fseex om Pte debe ce 1 te @ “= 14 Site —» duz 2Smx tax dx —9 de= ae f eee gf hnluit © = tInlcesiax) z 2 @f feo fou =f = dx= fold dx =O 4 © etm + Ever eR a ® { x fy paella deci ged we x, 1 a erste _ pie =f [panos lG-9 = 4 ° a be as @ foe ee hats ~ L 22 t+ (By Peere es” : (p23) “ Eek ae : 4 “ey: re [Bede tay teen Ce At fe we)? = dL) 1 | @ Satem* u ) lace 02% We dus pede dx ede =f ear aa adn. 4 a ddenute, Unie alae “og ; a. foo) ee a ((-t]e-Je a2 ¥ 7 Je mf fiseae @ writ dus sede dee ade ee Sa Kelso [2a = 2) the 22 fLPLi es a [SE-B a) iow 4 du =) @ us kre duce A) be, Ay de f Oxon) W ae) @ ux sr 2 Shs by dn ee Ph SSR = phic, ussed dz 27. J pte te Seo dx dee coc? av + tan y = = futde SFM re = 2 (Intens) $e due Bocdye > dee cd au i een [NPL e tS [eegren fer 2 + fern dee d f om sen 1 Evaluate the following integrals: Find the slope of y = ds fra =15)Sdr dx at x =4, (ection 5.3)

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