08 / 31 / 23

INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
INFORMATION AND • WEB 2.0 - FROM NO
COMMUNICATIONS INTERACTION – USER
TECHNOLOGY (ICT) PLAYS AN INTERACTION
IMPORTANT PART IN OUR DAILY
LIVES AND IN ALL ASPECTS IN • WEB 3.0. – SEMANTIC WEB,
OUR SOCIETY. ICT HAS BECOME COLLABORATION AMONG
THE MAIN METHOD USERS FOUNDER IS WORLD
COMMUNICATION, GETTING WIDE WIDE - TIM BERNERS LEE
INFORMATION AND EDUCATION,
OF ATTAINING SERVICES FROM
BUSINESSES, HOSPITALS, TECHNOLOGICAL
UTILITIES, GOVERNMENT, CONVERGENCE
PURCHASING PRODUCTS AND • THE TECHNICAL EVOLUTION IN
SERVICES, DOING PERSONAL THE TECHNOLOGICAL
AND BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS, INNOVATION OR THE
AND EXPRESSING SOCIAL IMPROVEMENT
ADVOCACIES AND AWARENESS.
• IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE
TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Example:
Education, Telecommunications, • IT PROVIDES FUNCTIONALITY
Commerce, Sports and Recreation, OF VARIOUS INDIVIDUAL
Arts, Design, and Music, Media and SEPARATE AND DIFFERENT
Visual Arts, Health Services, Science DEVICES NOW AVAILABLE IN
and Research, Travel and Hotel ONE GEAR.
Bookings Business and Accounting,
Manufacturing Industries, Banking,
Mathematics, Engineering and MASS PARTICIPATION OR USER
Architecture, Agriculture, Writing and PARTICIPATION IN THE WEB
Publishing, Government Service,
Military Applications, Weather • THE NEXT PROGRESS OR
Analysis, Space Exploration, DEVELOPMENT DURING WEB 2.0
Aeronautics TOWRDS WEB 3.0 TO UTILIZE
THE RESOURCES ON THE DATA
FOR USEFUL INFORMATION.
THE CURRENT STATE OF ICT
• WEB 3.0 IS THE NEXT
• WEB 1.0 – INTERFACE ONLY NO DEVELOPMENT ON THE WEB
INTERACTION AND FIRST STAGE
OF WORLD WIDE WEB (READ
ONLY)
SOCIAL MEDIA • SEARCH ENGINES -
• COMMUNICATION SERVICES -
• IS A COLLECTION OF INTERNET-BASED
WHATSAPP, WEB BROWSER
COMMUNICATION TOOLS AND
• PAYMENT SYSTEMS – PAYPAL,
COMPUTER ASSISTED CHANNELS TO
ALLOW USERS TO INTERACT, GCASH, SKRILL
COMMUNICATE AND SHARE • ADVERTISING PLATFORM -
INFORMATION IN VIRTUAL • CREATIVE CONTENT OUTLETS –
COMMUNITY AND NETWORK YOUTUBE, VIMEO

Examples: PLATFORMS AND APPLICATION

• FACEBOOK – THAT A USERS CAN USE
• INSTAGRAM • PRESENTATION TOOLS – PREZI, ZOHO
• X (FORMERLY TWITTER) SHOW, MS POWERPOINT, CANVA
• MESSENGER • NEWSLETTER, ICT CONTENT
• SNAPCHAT PLATFORMS – DROPBOX, TUMBLR, WIX
• PHOTO EDITING TOOLS – PICASA
MOBILE MEDIA ADOBE PHOTOSHOP, MS PAINT
• SMARTPHONE IS AN INTEGRATION OF • PHOTO UPLOADING AND HOSTING
VARIOUS TECHNOLOGIES ROLLED INTO TOOLS – DROPBOX FLICKR
ONE, SUCH AS THE CEULLAR PHONE, • ONLINE COLLABORATIVE TOOLS –
PDA (PORTABLE DIGITAL ASSISTANT), GOOGLE DRIVE, VIBER, FACEBOOK
PHOTO, AND VIDEO CAMERA. • CLOUD COMPUTING TOOLS -
• BLOG TOOLS – WORDPRESS,
ASSISTIVE MEDIA LIVEJOURNAL
• A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION • MAPPING TOOLS – GOOGLEMAPS,
FOUND IN 1996 IN MICHIGAN, USA. WAZE, WIKIMAPIA
• MUSIC PRODUCTION – SPOTIFY,
• DAVID H. ERDODY – FOUNDER SIBELIUS
FOR ASSISTIVE MEDIA • SURVEY AND FORMS – GOOGLE
FORM,
• ICT PROJECTS AND CONTENT
• INTERNET-BASED AUDIO READING
PUBLISHING TOOLS – WORDPRESS, MS
SERVICE FOR PERSONS WITH PRINT WORD,
READING BARRIERS • CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM –
DRUPAL, JOOMIA
ONLINE SYSTEMS, FUNCTIONS, • FILE MANAGEMENT PLATFORMS –
PLATFORMS ZAMZAR, WORD2PDF, SMALLPDF
PLATFORM - “PROGRAMMED” • CURATING TOOLS – PINTEREST,
STORIFY, TRAPIT
• SOCIAL MEDIA – IT IS A • WEB DESIGN PLATFORMS – WIX,
PLATFORM THAT A USERS CAN USE WEEBLY. ADOBE DREAMWEAVER
• WEB MANAGEMENT PLATFORMS –
JOOMIA, WORDPRESS

THE INTERNET – IS A POWERFUL TOOL

FOR LEARNING AND COMMUNICATING • COMPUTER VIRUS – A PROGRAM
WITH PEOPLE. HOWEVER, THERE ARE THAT DUPLICATES ITSELF AND THEN
MANY DANGERS THAT YOU MUST INFECTS THE COMPUTER.
WATCH OUT FOR. • HACKER – A PERSON WHO IS ABLE TO
ENTER AND CONTROL OTHER PEOPLE’S
DANGERS ON THE INTERNET COMPUTER WITHOUT
• EMAIL SPAM – ALSO KNOWN AS AUTHORIZATION.
JUNK EMAIL, IT IS USUALLY
UNSOLICITED COMMERCIAL. TYPES OF PHISHING
SPAMMING IS PROJECTED TO 1.) STANDARD EMAIL PHISHING
CONTINUE BECAUSE IT IS A CHEAP 2.) SPEAR PHISHING
MEANS OF ADVERTISING.
3.) WHALING
• EMAIL SPOOFING – REFERS TO
4.) BUSINESS EMAIL COMPROMISE
DECEITFUL EMAIL PRACTICE IN WHICH
(BEC)
THE SENDER ADDRESS IS CHANGED. IT
WOULD APPEAR TO HAVE COME FROM 5.) MALWARE PHISHING
A DIFFERENT SOURCE USUALLY
SOMEONE YOU KNOW New Types of Phishing
• PHISHING – A DECEITFUL PRACTICE a.) Polymorphic Phishing Scams
TO GET CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION b.) Browser Hijacking
SUCH AS PASSWORD AND USERNAMES. c.) Dynamic Phishing with a Man in-
• PHARMING – A DANGEROUS HACKER the-middle (MitM) Component
ATTACK ON A WEBSITE WHICH DIRECTS
ALL TRAFFIC TO THAT WEBSITE TYPES OF SPYWARE
• SPYWARE – A COMPUTER PROGRAM 1. ADWARE
THAT IS INSTALLED COVERTLY ON A Any software application that
PERSONAL COMPUTER TO COLLECT displays advertisements while the
INFORMATION program is running. Examples:
• COMPUTER WORM – A DANGEROUS banners, pop-up windows
COMPUTER PROGRAM THAT [Link] LOGGERS
REPLICATES ITSELF THROUGH A A type of surveillance technology
NETWORK. used to monitor and record
• TROJAN HORSE – A MALICIOUS keystrokes. Cyber- criminals can
SOFTWARE (MALWARE) FRONTING TO use these to steal sensitive
PERFORM A GOOD TASK. information such as authorization
credentials, enterprise data and
computer activity.
SECURITY CENTER
3. TROJANS • THE SECURITY CENTER OF WINDOWS
A software application that appears IS THE PLACE WHERE YOU CAN SET
harmless but can inflict damage ADDITIONAL PROTECTION FROM
or data loss to a system. THREAT TO YOUR COMPUTER,
4. MOBILE SPYWARE ESPECIALLY WHEN USING THE
A type of spyware that can infect INTERNET. THERE ARE THREE
mobile devices that typically enters IMPORTANT SECURITY SETTINGS
via SMS or MMS communication AVAILABLE; FIREWALL, AUTOMATIC
channels. UPDATES, AND VIRUS PROTECTION

What does a computer worm do?

Once a computer worm has
WHY ARE FIREWALLS IMPORTANT?
breached your computer’s
FIREWALLS ARE DESIGNED WITH
defenses it can perform several
malicious actions: MODERN SECURITY TECHNIQUES THAT
1.) Drop other malware like spyware ARE USED IN A WIDE RANGE OF
or ransom ware. APPLICATIONS. IN THE EARLY DAYS OF
2.) Consume bandwidth THE INTERNET, NETWORKS NEEDED TO
3.) Delete files BE BUILT WITH NEW SECURITY
4.) Overload networks TECHNIQUES, ESPECIALLY IN THE
5.) Steal data CLIENT-SERVER MODEL, A CENTRAL
6.) Open a backdoor ARCHITECTURE OF MODERN
7.) Deplete hard drive space COMPUTING. THAT'S WHERE
FIREWALLS HAVE STARTED TO BUILD
THE SECURITY FOR NETWORKS WITH
WINDOWS SECURITY VARYING COMPLEXITIES. FIREWALLS
• IT IS NECESSARY TO PROTECT ARE KNOWN TO INSPECT TRAFFIC AND
IMPORTANT WORK AND PERSONAL MITIGATE THREATS TO THE DEVICES.
INFORMATION STORED IN THE
COMPUTER. MICROSOFT WINDOWS AUTOMATIC UPDATES
HAS SECURITY FEATURES THAT • IS ANOTHER FEATURE OF WINDOWS
DETERMINE WHO CAN USE AND HAVE WHICH WHEN TURNED ON WILL
ACCESS TO YOUR COMPUTER. AUTOMATICALLY DOWNLOAD UPDATES
FROM MICROSOFT WINDOWS WEBSITE.
SCREEN SAVER SECURITY MANY OF THE UPDATES COMING FROM
•MOST OPERATING SYSTEMS HAS A MICROSOFT ARE USUALLY MEANT TO
FEATURE THAT ALLOWS YOU TO LOCK UPDATE SOME WINDOWS FEATURE,
THE COMPUTER EVEN WHEN THE SECURE AREAS OF VULNERABILITY, FIX
COMPUTER IS IN A SCREEN SAVER ANY BUGS IN THE OPERATING SYSTEM,
MODE. AND OTHERS.
VIRUS PROTECTION THE TEN COMMANDMENTS FOR
• IS USUALLY ABOUT THE CURRENT COMPUTER ETHICS
ANTIVIRUS SOFTWARE INSTALLED IN 1.) THOU SHALT NOT USE A
YOUR COMPUTER THIS OPTION IS COMPUTER TO HARM OTHER
RECOMMENDED TO BE TURNED ON PEOPLE.
ALWAYS. ANTIVIRUS SOFTWARE IS
MEANT TO LOCATE, FIND, AND 2.) THOU SHALT NOT INTERFERE
REMOVE VIRUS THREATS THAT ARE
WITH OTHER PEOPLE’S COMPUTER
ALREADY IN YOUR COMPUTER.
WORK.
ANTIVIRUS PROGRAM SHOULD BE
CONSTANTLY UPDATED TO ENSURE
THAT IT’S ANTI-VIRUS DEFINITION IS 3.) THOU SHALT NOT SNOOP
CURRENT. AROUND IN OTHER PEOPLE’S FILES.

4.) THOU SHALT NOT USE A

ONLINE ETHICS AND ETIQUETTE COMPUTER TO STEAL.
• GUIDELINES AND RULES ARE NEEDED
IN THE APPROPRIATE USE OF
5.) THOU SHALT NOT USE A
COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY. THERE ARE
COMPUTER TO BEAR FALSE
BOTH ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES IN THE USE OF WITNESS.
COMPUTERS. THE TEN
COMMANDMENTS OF COMPUTER 6.) THOU SHALT NOT USE OR COPY
ETHICS IS MEANT AS A GUIDE TO THE SOFTWARE FOR WHICH YOU HAVE
RIGHT ATTITUDE WHEN USING THE NOT PAID.
COMPUTER.
7.) THOU SHALT NOT USE OTHER
• THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF
PEOPLE’S COMPUTER RESOURCES
COMPUTER ETHICS WAS WRITTEN BY
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION.
DR. RAMON C. BARQUIN IN 1992 FOR
THE COMPUTER ETHICS INSTITUTE.
8.) THOU SHALT NOT APPROPRIATE
• THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF OTHER PEOPLE’S INTELLECTUAL
COMPUTER ETHICS COPIES THE STYLE OUTPUT.
OF THE TEN COMMANDMENTS FROM
THE BIBLE WHICH USE “THOU SHALT” 9.) THOU SHALT THINK ABOUT THE
AND “THOU SHALT NOT” STYLE OF SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE
WRITING PROGRAM YOU WRITE.

10.) THOU SHALT USE A COMPUTER

IN WAYS THAT SHOW 8.) CREATE A LIST OF YOUR
CONSIDERATION AND RESPECT. REFERENCES FOR CITATION

ENHANCING AND IMPROVING

• CONTEXTUALIZED ONLINE SEARCH RESEARCH SKILLS
AND RESEARCH SKILLS – THE
• PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT IS ALSO
EXTENSIVE USE OF THE INTERNET IN
APPLICABLE IN ENHANCING YOUR
TODAY’S YOUNG STUDENTS ALSO
RESEARCH SKILLS.
MATCHES THE INCREASING
POPULARITY OF THE MOBILE PHONES. • GOOD RESEARCHES ARE
VALUABLE IN ENHANCING
CONTEXTUAL SEARCH ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE, AS WELL AS
• CONTEXTUAL SEARCH ON THE WORK SKILLS IN THE FUTURE.
INTERNET IS DIFFERENT FROM THE
TRADITIONAL WAY OF GETTING IMPROVING RESEARCH SKILLS
INFORMATION WHICH RETURNS A LISTS 1.) CRITICAL THINKING – IS A VERY
OF PAPERS OR DOCUMENTS RELEVANT IMPORTANT SKILLS TO DEVELOP IN
TO THE REQUEST OF THE USER. RESEARCH SINCE THE INTERNET IS FULL
OF VALUABLE DATA.
• IT IS AN ATTEMPT TO BE MORE 2.) ANALYTICAL SKILL – ANALYTICAL
PRECISE IN PROVIDE THE LIST OF SKILL IN RESEARCH REQUIRES THE
DOCUMENTS ACCORDING TO THE ABILITY TO LOOK, VERBALIZE,
WORDS USED BY THE USER TO SEARCH CONCEPTUALIZE, AND GATHER DATA
THE INTERNET. ATTUNED TO THE CONTEXT OF THE
SUBJECT.
STEPS TO MAKE 3.) PROBLEM SOLVING CAPABILITY – IS
CONTEXTUALIZED ONLINE THE ABILITY TO PRESENT SOLUTIONS
SEARCH OR SOLVE PROBLEMS BY PRESENTING A
1.) IDENTIFY OR CHOOSE A TOPIC DECISION BASED ON THE GIVEN
2.) TOPIC OR TASK DEFINITION INFORMATION.
3.) IDENTIFY METHODS OF SEARCH 4.) ORGANIZED DATA MINING – IS A
4.) IDENTIFY RESOURCES OF YOUR WELL-PLANNED DESIGN OF THE
RESEARCH DATABASE OF ALL THE RESEARCH
5.) MAKE YOUR RESEARCH MATERIALS EITHER INSIDE THE
COMPUTER OR HARD COPIES.
STRATEGIES
5.) RESEARCH PRESENTATION – THE
6.) COMPILING THE RESEARCH
ABILITY TO PRESENT THE IDEAS AND
RESULTS DRAW CONCLUSIONS FROM THE
7.) EVALUATE THE RESULTS OF YOUR RESEARCH, BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN IN
RESEARCH WRITING THE PURPOSE, STEPS, GOALS,
AND OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH.

6.) CREATIVITY AND DEVELOPED HOW TO DETECT SATIRICAL

IMAGINATION – IS THE ABILITY TO
NEWS:
LOOK FOR ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS.
1.) IF IT IS TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE,
7.) COMPUTER LITERACY –
KNOWLEDGE OF THE VARIOUS
THEN IT MUST BE SO.
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND TOOLS 2.) IF THEY ARE FROM KNOWN
SATIRICAL SITES.
IDENTIFYING GOOD SOURCE 3.) IF THE NEWS DID NOT EMANATE
FROM SATIRICAL SOURCE FROM RELIABLE NEWS SITE.

• SATIRICAL SITES ARE WEBSITES

THAT REPORT UNTRUE OR FALSE
STORIES MEANT TO AMUSE OR
ENTERTAIN. YOU SHOULD BE
WARNED AGAINST BELIEVING
EVERYTHING OF WHAT YOU READ
ONLINE.