TABLE OF CONTENTS [ T O C ]

SER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO

01 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 04

02 INTRODUCTION 05

03 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 05

04 PROPOSED SYSTEM 06

05 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC) 07

06 PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 08

07 FLOW CHART 15

08 SOURCE CODE 16

09 OUTPUT 19

10 TESTING 20

11 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 23

12 BIBLIOGRAPHY 24

1|Page
 INTRODUCTION
This program helps users to add a UPSC registration form.
After adding information, the program automatically
generates a registration number and displays it. The user can
use the registration number to view their registered details.
This program can be used only if the login ID and password
are correct.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let students apply
programming knowledge into a real-world situation/problem
and expose them to how programming skills help in
developing good software.
1. Write programs utilizing modern software tools.
2. Apply object-oriented programming principles
effectively when developing small to medium-sized
projects.
3. Write effective procedural code to solve small to
medium-sized problems.
4. Demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in computer
science, particularly in systems, theory, and software
development.
5. Conduct research or applied computer science projects,
requiring writing and presentation skills that exemplify
scholarly style in computer science.

2|Page
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
Today, one cannot afford to rely on fallible human beings. To
stand against today’s merciless competition, the saying “to
err is human” is no longer valid. It is outdated to rationalize
mistakes. To keep pace with time and achieve the best results
without malfunctioning and with greater efficiency,
organizations must replace unending heaps of files with
sophisticated hard disks and software solutions.
Organizations now use data management software. Software
has become an essential part of various organizations, making
their work easier and more efficient. Earlier, organizations
had to maintain ledgers and large amounts of paperwork, but
now, with software solutions, tasks are completed faster and
more accurately.
This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes
fully automated, and any information regarding the
organization can be obtained simply by clicking a button.
Moreover, now is the age of computers and automation, and
adopting such systems gives organizations a more
professional and efficient outlook.

3|Page
 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a project

management technique that divides complex projects into
smaller, more easily managed phases. This segmentation
allows managers to verify the successful completion of project
phases before allocating resources to subsequent phases.
Software development projects typically include initiation,
planning, design, development, testing, implementation, and
maintenance phases. However, the number and type of phases
may vary depending on the organization.
End-users of the system should be involved in reviewing the
output of each phase to ensure that the system being
developed delivers the required functionality.

4|Page
 PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE
INITIATION PHASE
The initiation phase begins when a business sponsor identifies
a need or an opportunity.
Purposes of the Initiation Phase:

 Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business

accomplishments.
 Identify significant assumptions and constraints on
potential solutions.
 Explore alternative methods and concepts to satisfy the
business need.
 Ensure executive sponsorship and appoint a Project
Manager.
 Document the business case, expected benefits, and
strategic alignment.
 Produce a Project Management Charter that outlines
the project manager’s authority.
Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support
strategic business objectives and resources are effectively
implemented into an organization's enterprise architecture.
The initiation phase begins when an opportunity to add,
improve, or correct a system is identified and formally
requested through the presentation of a business case. The
business case should, at a minimum, describe a proposal's
purpose, identify expected benefits, and explain how the

5|Page
proposed system supports one of the organization's business
strategies.

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business
need or opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization
Program Leadership and the Agency/Organization CIO.
The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:
 Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the
alternatives.
 Identify system interfaces.
 Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy
the business need.
 Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives,
critical success factors, and performance measures.
 Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to
satisfy the basic functional requirements.
 Assess project risks.
 Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, and develop
high-level technical architecture, process models, data
models, and a concept of operations. This phase explores
potential technical solutions within the context of the
business need.
 It may include several trade-off decisions such as the
decision to use COTS software products as opposed to
developing custom software or reusing software
components, or the decision to use an incremental
delivery versus a complete, one-time deployment.
 Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to
evaluate technology to support the business process. The
System Boundary Document serves as an important

6|Page
 reference document to support the Information
Technology Project Request (ITPR) process.

PLANNING PHASE
The planning phase is one of the most critical steps in project
development. Careful planning is essential for coordinating
activities and managing risks effectively.
During this phase, a Project Management Plan is created,
which includes:
 Acquisition planning
 Configuration management planning
 Quality assurance planning
 Concept planning
It also includes personnel assignments, costs, tools, tasks,
schedules, and resources.

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE

This phase defines detailed functional user requirements,
including performance, security, and maintainability.
Purposes of this Phase:
 Refine functional and data requirements in the
Requirements Document.
 Complete business process reengineering of functions.
 Develop data and process models (inputs, outputs,
processes).
 Define test and evaluation requirements for system
acceptance.

7|Page
DESIGN PHASE
The design phase converts requirements into detailed design
specifications. This involves creating system architecture,
defining components, and preparing for coding and
implementation.
A top-down approach is usually taken, starting from major
components and breaking them down into smaller subsystems.
Designers then expand design layouts as they identify and link
smaller subsystems and connections. Using a bottom-up
approach, designers first identify and link minor program
components and interfaces, then expand design layouts as
they identify and link larger systems and connections.
Contemporary design techniques often use prototyping tools
that build mock-up designs of items such as application
screens, database layouts, and system architectures. End users,
designers, developers, database managers, and network
administrators should review and refine the prototyped
designs in an iterative process until they agree on an
acceptable design. Audit, security, and quality assurance
personnel should be involved in the review and approval
process. During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy
the functional requirements identified in the previous phase.
Since problems in the design phase could be very expensive to
solve in the later stages of software development, a variety of
elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk. These
include:
 Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design
features.
 Performing a security risk assessment.
8|Page
  Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to
the new system.
 Determining the operating environment.
 Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.
 Allocating processes to resources.
 Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software
module. The result is a draft System Design Document
which captures the preliminary design for the system.
 Everything requiring user input or approval is
documented and reviewed by the user. Once these
documents have been approved by the Agency CIO and
Business Sponsor, the final System Design Document is
created to serve as the Critical/Detailed Design for the
system.
 This document receives a rigorous review by Agency
technical and functional representatives to ensure that it
satisfies the business requirements. Concurrent with the
development of the system design, the Agency Project
Manager begins development of the Implementation
Plan, Operations and Maintenance Manual, and the
Training Plan.

9|Page
DEVELOPMENT PHASE
The development phase involves converting design
specifications into executable programs. Effective
development standards include requirements that
programmers and other project participants discuss design
specifications before programming begins. The procedures
help ensure programmers clearly understand program designs
and functional requirements. Programmers use various
techniques to develop computer programs. The large
transaction-oriented programs associated with financial
institutions have traditionally been developed using
procedural programming techniques. Procedural programming
involves the line-by-line scripting of logical instructions that
are combined to form a program. Effective completion of the
previous stages is a key factor in the success of the
Development phase.
The Development phase consists of:
 Translating the detailed requirements and design into
system components.
 Testing individual elements (units) for usability.
 Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.

INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE

Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance
testing is conducted during the integration and test phase. The
user, with those responsible for quality assurance, validates
that the functional requirements, as defined in the functional
requirements document, are satisfied by the developed or
modified system. OIT Security staff assesses the system

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security and issues a security certification and accreditation
prior to installation/implementation.
Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:
 Testing at the development facility by the contractor and
possibly supported by end users.
 Testing as a deployed system with end users working
together with contract personnel.
 Operational testing by the end user alone performing all
functions.
Requirements are traced throughout testing, a final
Independent Verification & Validation evaluation is
performed, and all documentation is reviewed and accepted
prior to acceptance of the system.

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE
This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and
accepted by the user. In this phase, the system is installed to
support the intended business functions. System performance
is compared to performance objectives established during the
planning phase. Implementation includes user notification,
user training, installation of hardware, installation of software
onto production computers, and integration of the system into
daily work processes. This phase continues until the system is
operating in production in accordance with the defined user
requirements.

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OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE
The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for
continued performance in accordance with user requirements
and needed system modifications are incorporated. Operations
continue as long as the system can be effectively adapted to
respond to the organization’s needs. When modifications or
changes are identified, the system may re-enter the planning
phase.
The purpose of this phase is to:

 Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

 Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
 Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the
functional requirements continue to be satisfied.
 Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced,
or retired.

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 FLOW CHART FOR LOGIN TABLE

START

import [Link] as sql

conn=[Link](host='local
host',user='root',passwd='co
mputer',database='UPSC')

c1=[Link]()

[Link]("create table login_info (user

varchar(10) primary key, pass varchar(10)) ")

us=input("user")

pa=input("pass")

[Link]("insert into login_info

values('"+us+"','"+pa+"')")

[Link]()

STOP

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FLOW CHART FOR REGISTRATION TABLE

START

import [Link] as sql

conn=[Link](host='localhost',user='root'
,passwd='computer',database='UPSC')

c1=[Link]()

[Link]("create table registration_information (name varchar(20) ,father_name

varchar(15),mother_name varchar(15),examination_applied varchar(40),year
int(4),gender varchar(11),date_of_birth varchar(10),nationality
varchar(15),marital_status varchar(10),community varchar(4),minority
varchar(4),add_1 varchar(40),add_2 varchar(40),add_3 varchar(40),dist
varchar(20),state varchar(20),pin_code int(6),pho_no int (10),mobile_no int
(10),e_mail varchar(45),education_qualification varchar (100),preferance
varchar(10),p_f_cds_pabt int (3), Trs_global sch int(3),son_ Trsglobal _sch int
(3),aadhar_no bigint)")

STOP

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 FLOW CHART FOR VIEWING OR ADDING
DETAILS

START

import [Link] as sql

conn=[Link](host='localhost',user
='root',passwd='computer',database='
UPSC')

c1=[Link]()

[Link]("select * from login_info")

dat=[Link]()

user=input("Enter user name")

passwd=input("Enter the password")

if FALSE
(user,pass
wd) in dat:

TRUE

ch=int(input("Enter the choice--"))

print("$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ UPSC
REGISTARATION$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$")

print("1:ADD DETAILS")

print("2:VIEW DETAILS")

print("3:QUIT")

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 FALSE
if
ch==1
:

TRUE
[Link]("select * from registration_information")
v_data=[Link]()
v_count=len(v_data)
v_reg_no=(v_count+1)
v_ea=input("Enter the examination applied--")
v_yr=input("Enter the year--")
v_name=input("Enter your name--")
v_gen=input("Enter your gender--")
v_dob=input("Enter your date of birth--")
v_f_na=input("Enter you father name--")
v_m_na=input("Enter your mother name--")
v_nat=input("Enter your nationality--")
v_mar_st=input("Enter your marital staus--")
v_comm=input("Enter your community--")
v_min=input("Do you belong to minority--")
v_add1=input("Enter address line1--")
v_add2=input("Enter address line2--")
v_add3=input("Enter address line3--")
v_dist=input("Enter your district--")
v_state=input("Enter your state--")
v_pin=input("Enter your pin code--")
v_pho=input("Enter your phone number--")
v_mob=input("Enter your mobile number--")
v_ema=input("Enter your mail ID--")
v_edu=input("Enter your education qualification--")

v_aadh=input("Enter your aadhar number--")

v_pre=input("Enter your preferance--")
v_p_f=input("Did you ever fail in CPSS(Computerised Pilot Selection System)
or""\n"" PABT (Pilot Aptitude Battery Test) Examination of Air Force--")
v_stu_sa=input("Whether Student of Trs global School--")
v_son_mil=input("Whether Son of JCO/NCO/Other Rank officers and
studying in Trs global School--")
v_sql=("insert into registration_information values
("+v_aadh+","+"'"+v_f_na+"'"+","+"'"+v_m_na+"','"+v_ea+"',"+v_yr+",'"+v_gen+"','"
+v_dob+"','"+v_nat+"','"+v_mar_st+"','"+v_comm+"','"+v_min+"','"+v_add1+"','"+v_
add2+"','"+v_add3+"','"+v_dist+"','"+v_state+"',"+v_pin+","+v_pho+","+v_mob+",'"+
v_ema+"','"+v_edu+"','"+v_pre+"','"+v_p_f+"','"+v_stu_sa+"','"+v_son_mil+"','"+v_n
ame+"',"+str(v_reg_no)+")")
print(v_sql)
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print("registered successfully your registartion number is--",v_reg_no)

[Link](v_sql)
 [Link]()

v_pre=input("Enter your preferance--")

v_p_f=input("Did you ever fail in CPSS(Computerised Pilot Selection

System) or""\n"" PABT (Pilot Aptitude Battery Test) Examination of Air
Force--")

v_stu_sa=input("Whether Student of Trs global School--")

v_son_mil=input("Whether Son of JCO/NCO/Other Rank officers and

studying in Trs global School--")

v_sql=("insert into registration_information values

("+v_aadh+","+"'"+v_f_na+"'"+","+"'"+v_m_na+"','"+v_ea+"',"+v_yr+",'"+v_gen
+"','"+v_dob+"','"+v_nat+"','"+v_mar_st+"','"+v_comm+"','"+v_min+"','"+v_ad
d1+"','"+v_add2+"','"+v_add3+"','"+v_dist+"','"+v_state+"',"+v_pin+","+v_pho+
","+v_mob+",'"+v_ema+"','"+v_edu+"','"+v_pre+"','"+v_p_f+"','"+v_stu_sa+"','"
+v_son_mil+"','"+v_name+"',"+str(v_reg_no)+")")

print(v_sql)

print("registered successfully your registartion number is--",v_reg_no)

[Link](v_sql)

[Link]()

FALSE
elif
ch=
=2:

TRUE

reg=int(input("Enter the registartion number"))

v_ch=("select * from registration_information where

reg_no="+str(reg))

[Link](v_ch)

data=[Link]()

print('\n')

print("Registration no--",data[26])

print ("Examination applied--",data[3])

print ("Year --",data[4])

print("Name --",data[25])
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print ("Gender --",data[5])

print ("Date of birth --",data[6])

 print("Mother name --",data[2])

print("Nationality --",data[7])

print("Marital status--",data[8])

print("Community--",data[9])

print("Minority --",data[10])

print("Address line1 --",data[11])

print("Address line2 --",data[12])

print("Address line3 --",data[13])

print("District --",data[14])

print("State --",data[15])

print("Pin code --",data[16])

print("Phone no --",data[17])

print("Mobile no--",data[18])

print("E mail --",data[19])

print("Education_qualification--",data[20])

print("Aadhar no --",data[0])

print("Preferance --",data[21])

print("Cds\pabt passed --",data[22])

print("Belong to sainik\miltary school--",data[23])

print("Son of miltary man adnd studying in Trs global

school--",data[24])

elif
ch=
=3

FALSE

TRUE

print("QUITTING!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!")
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 els FALSE
e:

TRUE

print("INVALID CHOICE PLEASE TRY AGAIN")

STOP

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 SOURCE CODE

creating login info

import [Link] as sql

conn = [Link](host='localhost', user='root',

passwd='computer', database='UPSC')

#if conn.is_connected():

# print('connected successfully')

c1 = [Link]()

#v_sql = ("CREATE TABLE login_info (user VARCHAR(10)

PRIMARY KEY, pass VARCHAR(10))")

#print(v_sql)

#[Link](v_sql)

us = input("Enter username: ")

pa = input("Enter password: ")

v_sq = ("INSERT INTO login_info VALUES ('" + us + "','" + pa +

"')")

print(v_sq)

[Link](v_sq)

[Link]()

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 # for getting info, showing info

import [Link] as sql

conn = [Link](host='localhost', user='root',

passwd='computer', database='UPSC')

#if conn.is_connected():

# print('connected successfully')

c1 = [Link]()

[Link]("SELECT * FROM login_info")

dat = [Link]()

user = input("Enter username: ")

passwd = input("Enter password: ")

if (user, passwd) in dat:

print("$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ UPSC
REGISTRATION $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$")

print("1: ADD DETAILS")

print("2: VIEW DETAILS")

print("3: QUIT")

ch = int(input("Enter your choice: "))

if ch == 1:

[Link]("SELECT * FROM registration_information")

v_data = [Link]()

21 | P a g e
 v_count = len(v_data)

v_reg_no = v_count + 1

v_ea = input("Enter the examination applied: ")

v_yr = input("Enter the year: ")

v_name = input("Enter your name: ")

v_gen = input("Enter your gender: ")

v_dob = input("Enter your date of birth: ")

v_f_na = input("Enter your father's name: ")

v_m_na = input("Enter your mother's name: ")

v_nat = input("Enter your nationality: ")

v_mar_st = input("Enter your marital status: ")

v_comm = input("Enter your community: ")

v_min = input("Do you belong to a minority (Yes/No): ")

v_add1 = input("Enter address line 1: ")

v_add2 = input("Enter address line 2: ")

v_add3 = input("Enter address line 3: ")

v_dist = input("Enter your district: ")

v_state = input("Enter your state: ")

v_pin = input("Enter your pin code: ")

v_pho = input("Enter your phone number: ")

v_mob = input("Enter your mobile number: ")

v_ema = input("Enter your email ID: ")

v_edu = input("Enter your education qualification: ")

22 | P a g e
 v_aadh = input("Enter your Aadhar number: ")

v_pre = input("Enter your preference: ")

v_p_f = input("Did you ever fail in CPSS (Computerised Pilot

Selection System) or PABT (Pilot Aptitude Battery Test)
Examination of Air Force: ")

v_stu_sa = input("Are you a student of TRS Global Public

School (Yes/No): ")

v_son_mil = input("Are your parents staff members or

teachers at TRS Global Public School (Yes/No): ")

v_sql = ("INSERT INTO registration_information VALUES

(" + v_aadh + ",'" + v_f_na + "','" + v_m_na + "','" + v_ea + "'," +
v_yr + ",'" + v_gen + "','" + v_dob + "','" + v_nat + "','" + v_mar_st
+ "','" + v_comm + "','" + v_min + "','" + v_add1 + "','" + v_add2 +
"','" + v_add3 + "','" + v_dist + "','" + v_state + "'," + v_pin + "," +
v_pho + "," + v_mob + ",'" + v_ema + "','" + v_edu + "','" + v_pre
+ "','" + v_p_f + "','" + v_stu_sa + "','" + v_son_mil + "','" +
v_name + "'," + str(v_reg_no) + ")")

print(v_sql)

print("Registered successfully! Your registration number is:",

v_reg_no)

[Link](v_sql)

[Link]()

elif ch == 2:

print('\n')

reg = int(input("Enter the registration number: "))

v_ch = ("SELECT * FROM registration_information WHERE

reg_no=" + str(reg))

23 | P a g e
 [Link](v_ch)

data = [Link]()

print('\n', "Registration No:", data[26], '\n')

print("Examination Applied:", data[3], '\n')

print("Year:", data[4], '\n')

print("Name:", data[25], '\n')

print("Gender:", data[5], '\n')

print("Date of Birth:", data[6], '\n')

print("Father's Name:", data[1], '\n')

print("Mother's Name:", data[2], '\n')

print("Nationality:", data[7], '\n')

print("Marital Status:", data[8], '\n')

print("Community:", data[9], '\n')

print("Minority:", data[10], '\n')

print("Address Line 1:", data[11], '\n')

print("Address Line 2:", data[12], '\n')

print("Address Line 3:", data[13], '\n')

print("District:", data[14], '\n')

print("State:", data[15], '\n')

print("Pin Code:", data[16], '\n')

print("Phone No:", data[17], '\n')

print("Mobile No:", data[18], '\n')

print("Email:", data[19], '\n')

24 | P a g e
 print("Education Qualification:", data[20], '\n')

print("Aadhar No:", data[0], '\n')

print("Preference:", data[21], '\n')

print("CPSS/PABT Passed:", data[22], '\n')

print("Student of TRS Global Public School:", data[23], '\n')

print("Parent Working in TRS Global Public School:",

data[24], '\n')

elif ch == 3:

print("QUITTING...")

else:

print("INVALID CHOICE! PLEASE TRY AGAIN.")

OUTPUT
Enter username: admin

Enter password: 1234

INSERT INTO login_info VALUES ('admin','1234')

Enter username: admin

Enter password: 1234

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ UPSC REGISTRATION $$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

1: ADD DETAILS

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2: VIEW DETAILS

3: QUIT

Enter your choice: 1

Enter the examination applied: NDA

Enter the year: 2025

Enter your name: Rohan Sharma

Enter your gender: Male

Enter your date of birth: 10-05-2005

Enter your father's name: Rajesh Sharma

Enter your mother's name: Meena Sharma

Enter your nationality: Indian

Enter your marital status: Unmarried

Enter your community: GEN

Do you belong to a minority (Yes/No): No

Enter address line 1: 45, Green Valley

Enter address line 2: Sector 12

Enter address line 3: Delhi

Enter your district: South Delhi

Enter your state: Delhi

Enter your pin code: 110001

Enter your phone number: 0112456789

Enter your mobile number: 9876543210

Enter your email ID: rohan@[Link]

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Enter your education qualification: 12th Passed

Enter your Aadhar number: 123456789012

Enter your preference: CDS

Did you ever fail in CPSS (Computerised Pilot Selection System) or PABT
(Pilot Aptitude Battery Test) Examination of Air Force: No

Are you a student of TRS Global Public School (Yes/No): Yes

Are your parents staff members or teachers at TRS Global Public School
(Yes/No): No

INSERT INTO registration_information VALUES (123456789012,'Rajesh

Sharma','Meena Sharma','NDA',2025,'Male','10-05-
2005','Indian','Unmarried','GEN','No','45, Green Valley','Sector
12','Delhi','South
Delhi','Delhi',110001,0112456789,9876543210,'rohan@[Link]','12th
Passed','CDS','No','Yes','No','Rohan Sharma',1)

Registered successfully! Your registration number is: 1

Copy code

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ UPSC REGISTRATION $$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

1: ADD DETAILS

2: VIEW DETAILS

3: QUIT

Enter your choice: 2

Enter the registration number: 1

Registration No: 1

Examination Applied: NDA

Year: 2025

Name: Rohan Sharma

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Gender: Male

Date of Birth: 10-05-2005

Father's Name: Rajesh Sharma

Mother's Name: Meena Sharma

Nationality: Indian

Marital Status: Unmarried

Community: GEN

Minority: No

Address Line 1: 45, Green Valley

Address Line 2: Sector 12

Address Line 3: Delhi

District: South Delhi

State: Delhi

Pin Code: 110001

Phone No: 112456789

Mobile No: 9876543210

Email: rohan@[Link]

Education Qualification: 12th Passed

Aadhar No: 123456789012

Preference: CDS

CPSS/PABT Passed: No

Student of TRS Global Public School: Yes

Parent Working in TRS Global Public School: No

Copy code

28 | P a g e
QUITTING...

TESTING
Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to
provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the
product or service under test[1]. With respect to the context in
which it is intended to operate. Software Testing also provides
an objective, independent view of the software to allow the
business to appreciate and understand the risks at
implementation of the software. Test techniques include, but
are not limited to, the process of executing a program or
application with the intent of finding software bugs.
It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying
that a software program/application/product meets the
business and technical requirements that guided its design and
development, so that it works as expected and can be
implemented with the same characteristics. Software Testing,
depending on the testing method employed, can be
implemented at any time in the development process, however
the most test effort is employed after the requirements have
been defined and coding process has been completed.

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TESTING METHODS
Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black
box testing and white box testing. These two approaches are
used to describe the point of view that a test engineer takes
when designing test cases.
BLACK BOX TESTING
Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without
any knowledge of internal implementation. Black box testing
methods include equivalence partitioning, boundary value
analysis, all-pairs testing, fuzz testing, model-based testing,
traceability matrix, exploratory testing and specification-based
testing.
SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING
Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of
software according to the applicable requirements [16]. Thus,
the tester inputs data into, and only sees the output from, the
test object. This level of testing usually requires thorough test
cases to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify
that for a given input the output value (or behaviour) either
"is" or "is not" the same as the expected value specified in the
test case. Specification-based testing is necessary, but it is
insufficient to guard against certain risks.

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
The black box tester has no "bonds" with the code, and a
tester's perception is very simple: a code must have bugs.
Using the principle, "Ask and you shall receive," black box
testers find bugs where programmers don't. But, on the other
hand, black box testing has been said to be "like a walk in a
dark labyrinth without a flashlight," because the tester doesn't
know how the software being tested was actually constructed.
That's why there are situations when (1) a black box tester
writes many test cases to check something that can be tested
by only one test case, and/or (2) some parts of the back end
are not tested at all. Therefore, black box testing has the
advantage of "an unaffiliated opinion," on the one hand, and
the disadvantage of "blind exploring," on the other.
WHITE BOX TESTING
White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when
the tester has access to the internal data structures and
algorithms (and the code that implements these).
Types of white box testing:
 The following types of white box testing exist:
o API testing - Testing of the application using Public
and Private APIs.
o code coverage - creating tests to satisfy some
criteria of code coverage.

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 CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION
White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the
completeness of a test suite that was created with black box
testing methods. This allows the software team to examine
parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that the
most important function points have been tested.
Two common forms of code coverage are:
 Function Coverage: Which reports on functions executed
and
 Statement Coverage: Which reports on the number of
lines executed to complete the test.
They both return code coverage metric, measured as a
percentage
Sources

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 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
REQUIREMENTS

[Link] SYSTEM : WINDOWS 7 AND ABOVE

II. PROCESSOR : PENTIUM(ANY) OR AMD

ATHALON(3800+4200)

III. MOTHERBOARD : 1.845 OR 915,995 FOR

PENTIUM 0R MSI

K9MM-V VIAK8M800+8237R

PLUS CHIPSET FOR AMD

ATHALON

IV. RAM : 512MB+

V. Hard disk : SATA 40 GB OR ABOVE

VI. CD/DVD r/w multi drive combo: (If back up required)

VII. FLOPPY DRIVE 1.44 MB : (If Backup required)

VIII. MONITOR 14.1 or 15 -17 inch

IX. Key board and mouse

X. Printer : (if print is required – [Hard copy])

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY
I. Windows OS
II. Python
III. MySQL

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