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Bridge Output Voltage Expression Analysis

The document outlines the derivation of the output voltage expression for a bridge circuit involving Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) and shows that the relationship between temperature and output voltage is nearly linear. It provides detailed steps to simplify the expressions for resistances and output voltage, and analyzes the non-linear term in the equation. The conclusion highlights that the non-linear term is small, leading to an almost linear relationship between the output voltage and temperature across the specified range.

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4 views4 pages

Bridge Output Voltage Expression Analysis

The document outlines the derivation of the output voltage expression for a bridge circuit involving Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) and shows that the relationship between temperature and output voltage is nearly linear. It provides detailed steps to simplify the expressions for resistances and output voltage, and analyzes the non-linear term in the equation. The conclusion highlights that the non-linear term is small, leading to an almost linear relationship between the output voltage and temperature across the specified range.

Uploaded by

aadityapanicker11
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

(a) Expression for the bridge output voltage

Step 1: Define the resistances

The resistance of an RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is given by the formula


. For , the temperature is , so its resistance is given by:

For , the temperature is , so its resistance is given by:

The problem states that at , both RTDs have the same resistance , which means that .
Therefore, the resistance equations simplify to:

The other two resistances in the bridge are given as and , with .

Step 2: Express the output voltage

The output voltage of the bridge is the difference between the voltage at the junction of and
and the voltage at the junction of and . Let the total voltage across the bridge be . The
voltage across is:

The voltage across is:


The output voltage is .

Since and , we can substitute these values:

Step 3: Substitute the expression for

Substitute the expression for into the equation for .

To express this in terms of the bridge ratio , we can divide the numerator and denominator by
.
Answer:

The expression for the bridge output voltage is:

(b) Show that an almost linear relationship exists

Step 1: Simplify the expression for

The expression for is:

Given the values:

The range for is to . The temperature difference is . The range for is


to . The term will range from

to . The denominator term is . Substituting


: Denominator . The term is small compared to
11. The maximum value is 0.2, so the denominator is approximately . The expression for
becomes:

Since , the term is approximately 11.

This equation is in the form , where is a constant, which represents a linear relationship
between and .

Step 2: Analyze the non-linear term

The non-linear part of the expression comes from the denominator term . The exact

expression is . Let's consider the ratio of the exact expression to the linear
approximation:

For , . The ratio is . For , . The ratio

is . The variation from the linear approximation is less than 2% over the
entire temperature range. Because the non-linear term is small compared to the constant term
in the denominator, the relationship is very close to linear.

Answer:

The relationship is approximately linear because the term is small compared to the other
terms in the denominator of the voltage expression. This makes the denominator nearly constant
over the specified temperature range, resulting in an almost linear relationship between and
.

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