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Understanding Matrices and Their Operations

Matrices are utilized in various fields such as computer graphics, cryptography, and physics for tasks like image transformations and representing systems. The document covers types of matrices, operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, scalar multiplication, trace, and transpose, as well as determinants for 2x2 and 3x3 matrices. It emphasizes the importance of determinants in determining matrix invertibility and their applications in solving linear equations and transformations.

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BOMMI PREETHAM SAI SOSH
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22 views14 pages

Understanding Matrices and Their Operations

Matrices are utilized in various fields such as computer graphics, cryptography, and physics for tasks like image transformations and representing systems. The document covers types of matrices, operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication, scalar multiplication, trace, and transpose, as well as determinants for 2x2 and 3x3 matrices. It emphasizes the importance of determinants in determining matrix invertibility and their applications in solving linear equations and transformations.

Uploaded by

BOMMI PREETHAM SAI SOSH
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MONSTER MATH

MATRICES
Where Are Matrices Used???
Matrices are used across many fields from computer
graphics for image transformations, cryptography for
coding messages, physics for representing systems in
quantum mechanics to geology and economics.
What Are Matrices?
TYPES OF MATRICES
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
Addition and Subtraction of Matrices
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
Multiplication of Matrices

To multiply matrices multiply corresponding terms of first row of first matrix with first column of
Only if the number of columns in the first matrix and the
second matrix and add the resultant terms. Repeat this with each column of second matrix. Then repeat
the entire process with the next row of first matrix and so on for all the rows. The resultant terms number of rows in the second matrix are same they can be
will be filled horizontally in a matrix of order m x n where m is rows of first matrix and n is columns multiplied
of second matrix. If AB=O it is not necessary that either A or B is a null
matrix
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
Scalar Multiplication of Matrices
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
Trace of a Matrix
The trace of any matrix A, Tr(A) is defined as the sum of its diagonal
elements. Some properties of trace of matrices are,
tr(AB) = tr(BA) ≠tr(A)tr(B)
tr(A) = tr(AT)
tr(cA) = c tr(A), for a scalar 'c'
tr(A + B) = tr(A) + tr(B)
tr(In ) = n
tr(A+/-B) = tr(A)+/-tr(B)
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
Transpose of a Matrix
There are various properties associated with
transposition. For matrices A and B, given as,
(AT)T = A
(A + B)T = AT + BT, A and B being of the same order.
(KA)T= KAT, K is any scalar
(AB)T= BTAT, A and B being conformable for the
product AB.
MINOR AND COFACTOR
DETERMINANT OF A 2X2 MATRIX

Determinant is given by the sum of (element*its cofactor) of all elements of a


row of a matrix

Taking the first row,


Here a is the first element, eliminating the row an column of ‘a’ we get its minor
M11 which is ‘d’. a is term a11 so its cofactor will be -11+1 ( d ) which is just d.

Next element is b, eliminating row and column of ‘b’ we get its minor M12
which is ‘c’. b is term a12 so its cofactor will be -11+2 ( c ) which is -c.

Sum of element*cofactor will be a(d) + b(-c) = ad-bc


DETERMINANT OF A 3x3 MATRIX
The determinant of a square matrix
matters because it indicates if the
matrix is invertible (non-zero
determinant) or singular (zero
determinant), and its absolute value
represents the scaling factor for areas
or volumes under the associated linear
transformation, with the sign indicating
whether the transformation preserves
or reverses orientation. Determinants
are also fundamental for solving systems
of linear equations, calculating
eigenvalues, and in various areas of
geometry, physics, and engineering
WorkSheets
Determinants

Monster Math
GLT
1. Learn about row and column transformations in a matrix to simplify finding
determinants.

simp

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