PRACTICAL TRAINING GUIDE
This instruction sheet is provided to guide the
students to collect the data during their
practical training in mines and compile final report.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MINE
1. Name and location of the mine
2. Village, town, district, post office &
3. Name and address of the owner, agent railway station.
4. Surface leasehold area, total estimated & manager of the mine.
& extractable reserve and approximate
of the mine. life
5. Average monthly and yearly output.
6. Details of administration and
7. Number of seams present & numberorganization of mine, sub area & area.
of
8. Depth, thickness and inclination of seamseams worked.
9. Grade and nature of coal, its chemical or seams and direction of the dip.
10. Nature of roof & floor, section of properties and coking properties.
seam and the adjoining strata.
11. Geological disturbances like folds, faults,
12. Any other special feature i.e. seam dykes, sand dykes etc.
is gassy, liable to spontaneous heating,
presence of fire etc.
TYPE OF OPENING
1. In case of shaft, size & its depth, safety
arrangements at the shaft top and bottom.
2. In case of incline and adit, length, gradient
& safety arrangements in the incline or
adit & its mouth.
UNDERGROUND COAL MINING
METHOD OF WORKING
1. Layout of the pit top and pit bottom.
2. Method of getting coal and layout of the mine and working
3. Size of drives or galleries and pillars. districts.
4. Development working- time cycle study of drilling, blasting,
transportation of coal and face advance. loading,
5. Study of drilling pattern in development and calculation of powder
detonator factor. factor and
6. Calculation of face O.M.S., district 0.M.S., U/G O.M.S. and
the mine.
overall 0.M.S. of
FACE MACHINERY
(1) Drillmachine :
[Link], make and weight of the drill.
2. Specification of motor and other parts
to the supply mains and drill.
3. Details of electric drill panel and connection
4. Rate of drilling, number of holes per shift or per day. sharpening.
5. Type of drill bits used, life of the bit and frequency of
Gathering arms loader or any other
(II)Loading machine:- L.H.D., S.D.L., cycle time,
their specification, study of
whichever is used in that mine, maintenance schedule of the
operation, productivity calculation and
working
machine.
:-Continuous miner, shearer
or any other whichever
machine operation,
( ) Cuttercum loader specification, study of cycle time, working
is used in that mine, theirand maintenance schedule of the machine
productivity calculation
TRANSPORTING MACHINERY
(I) Conveyors :
pony conveyor
conveyor (L.D.C.C. or H.D.C.C.),
chain face
1. Types of conveyor,
conveyor and in case of longwall
mining, armoured
or main belt
over other types.?
conveyor. Why preferred
of drive.
2. Types and position the conveyor.
3. Width and length of
the conveyor. about them, their
4. Speed and capacity of If loaders used, the specification
cycle.
5. Study of time working and layouts for
their efficient working.
drive, their rate of shifting and extension.
6. Maintenance of conveyor and their
specification of
of shuttle car,
Where continuous miner
is used the capacity working.
(II) layout for their efficient
the shuttle car, their drive etc., and
main belt conveyor
is used the capacity of AFC, stage loader &
(II) Where shearer
and their specification.
ROPE HAULAGES - Surface & underground
motor, starter and speed
of haulage engine or
1. Type of haulage, specification
controller
details of haulage drum. arrangements in haulage engine roonm
2. Dimensions & working, other safety
3. Type of brake, its line.
and along the haulage
2
4. Type and diameter of rope,tension arrangements of rope in case of endless
haulage.
5. Size and capacity of tubs, coupling arrangements, type of link &hooks used,
draw bars.
6. Type of rails, weight of rails, gauge of the track, laying out of track && cost per
meter of the same.
7. Working and layout of branches and crossings.
8. Number of tubs in a trip for each haulage. Pit bottom , pit top and haulage
0.M.S.
9. Signalling system in haulage.
10. Man hole.
LOCOMOTIVE HAULAGE
locomotive, track and signalling arrangements.
1. Type and the specification of capacity.
2. Mine cars used with locomotives & their safe working of locomotive.
and
efficient
3. Other details connected with
garrage.
4. Arrangement in locomotive maintenance
WINDING
gearing and coupling arrangement,
1. Type of winding, specification of motor,
gear ratio etc. other
brakes & type of lining, life of lining,
2. Motor starter, controller, type of
safety devices provided in the winding system. width of brake drum,
height of flanges,
3. Type of drum, diameter, width,
number of coils of rope on the drum.
for attaching the rope to the cage
4. Type of rope, diameter, lay, arrangements
and drum, approximate life of the rope.
type of safety hooks its weight &
5. Type of rope capple, process of capping,
operation.
fixing the guide ropes at the pit
6. Guide rope and its construction, method of
top and pit bottom, tensioning arrangements, life of guide rope.
7. Lubrication of guide rope & winding rope.
various stays and erection of
8. Types and details of headgear, foundation of
headgear, safety devices in the headgear structure.
9. Types of cage/ skip, their capacity and safety devices.
10. Over speed, over wind and slow banking devices like keps and floating
platform etc. onsetter.
11. Signalling arrangement, code of signaling for banksman and
PUMPING ARRANGEMENTS OF MINES
1. General layout of the pumping arrangements face to dam , dam to sump &
arrangenments for itscleaning
2. Types of pumpsused, their head, capacity and quantity etc., total
accumulation of water in gallons per minute from different districts.
& accessories.
3. Motor specification of the pump, their mountings
4. Precaution in starting and stopping the pump.
VENTILATION STUDY OF THE MINE
fan used as forcing or exhaust fan, its
1. Type of ventilation system, type of
diameter and width.
specification of the
gauge developed by the fan,
2. Quantity delivery and water coupled or geared, if geared, type of gearing
motor, nature of drive direct
and gear ratio, reversing arrangement. the air underground, study of
and regulating
3. Arrangement for coursing crossing, ventilation doors, air locks and
regulators.
ventilation stopping, air
Construction and maintenance of
fire stopping if any.
ventilation , and use of
booster fan in U/G mine.
auxiliary
4. Arrangements of & quantity) and the study of
temperature,
survey (pressure
5. Ventilation of air in mine.
humidity & cooling effect methanometer,
safety lamp and by other instrument like
6. Gas testing with
CO detector etc..
7. Study of ventilation plan
LIGHTING ARRANGEMENTS
various part of the U/G
mineas
Study of general lighting arrangement in like cap lamp,
1. different lighting instrument
prescribed by law, study of safe lighting.
lamp, safety torch, flame proof and intrinsically cleaning and
safety system of issuing, receiving,
organization,
2. Lamp room and its
refitting the lamps. lamps.
of lamnp room, charging arrangements of cap
3. Layout
COAL DUST
accumulation in the different
places of the
of coal dust
taken to prevent firedamp and
1. Study of sampling
mine. Analysis of coal dust, precaution to be
coal dust explosion.
type.
2. Location of stone dust barrier and its
SUPPORTS
props and
roof and sides and erection of
1. Method of examination of from depillaring area if any.
chocks, withdrawal of supports depillaring or
Methods of supporting at the shaft bottom, galleries, faces,
2. or disturbed zones.
stopping areas and faulted system.
their specification and working
3. Use of power support and
4. Types of power support.
timbering rule for the mine, system
of roof bolting,
5. Approved systematic
roof stitching, face support.
STUDY OF SURFACE ARRANGEMENTS
1. Study of pit top layout arrangement, coal preparation and screening plant
etc.
2. Layout of railway siding and coal handling plant.
3. Layout and construction of magazine, capacity of magazine etc.
4. Work shop, tool sharpening or smithy shop and store room. Any guide
majorand
changes or repairs like recapping, splicing of ropes, changing of
winding ropes etc.
5. Construction of powerhouse or sub station, details of equipments,
protective devices for it.
shaft cable, cable
6. Electrical layout of the mine surface and underground,
in the main roads, in districts. Underground sub station and their
equipments.
7. Rescue room, rescue station
8. Administrative building,pit head bath. Crèche.
MINE SURVEY OFFICE
and organization.
1. General layout of the mine survey office, equipmentsbe kept as per coal
section to
2. Study of various types of mine plans and
mining regulations, method of plans storage.
3. Study of various types of survey like
(i) Estimating values coal dumps.
(i) Maintaining the verticality of the shaft.
of incline and any
(ii) Maintaining the direction and gradient
drivage.
(iv) Prolonging the centerline of the roadvways.
(v) Correlation survey of the mine
advances of
(vi) Routine measurements for payments of weekly
drives, development work, construction etc.
OPENCAST METHOD OF MINING
1. Method of access to coal deposit & their specification.
2. Stripping ratio
3. Geology of the opencast mining area.
4. No. of benches and their height and width
5. Blast geometry- spacing, burden, diameter ofhole hole, depth of hole, sub
grade drilling, drilling pattern, inclination of
6. Used initiation system, firing sequence, etc.
7. Drill machine & their specification.
8. Used excavator - shovel, dragline, shovel-dumper combination, their
productivity calculation and cycle time study. Dragline productivity
calculation and cycle time study.
9. Surface miner, its specification and productivity.
10. Study of othermachinery used in that mine, their specification etc.
11. Dust prevention and control measures practice in that mine.
12. Study of reclamation and plantation practices.
METAL MINING
1. General geology of the place
2. Nature of deposit, its thickness, the amount and direction of dip. Nature
of the walls. Grade of ore.
3. Average monthly output in tons.
4. Depth to which it is developed, number of levels, vertical distance
between the levels.
5. If opencast working, the method of material transport to the crusher,
treatment plant & loading station.
6. If aerial ropeway is used, details of the ropeway.
7. Method of sampling and assaying.
MINERAL DRESSING, CLEANING &BLENDING PLANT
1. Layout of mineral dressing plant / beneficiation plant.
2. Flovw sheet of mineral dressing plant / beneficiation plant.
3. Specification of various machines used
4. Crushing unit - Size of crushers, their types, size of feed, size of product,
reduction ratio, capacity , power consumption, maintenance & types of
lubricants used.
5. Screening section Types of screens, feed and product size, nature of
screen surfaces, stages of operation, capacity, maintenance & power
consumption.
6. Grinding section Types of millsor grinders ,nature of lining, size of
feeds, grinding media and its specifications, capacity, speed, driving
mechanism, feed mechanism, maintenance & power consumption.
7. Classifiers - Types, method of operation, size range, capacity & power
consumption.
8. Concentration section - Method of concentration are as follows:
(i) Tabling- table size and specifications, method of support,
throw of table and nature of deck surface. Driving
mechanism, feed size, pulp density, quality of products,
capacity and power consumption.
(ii) Jigging -typeofjig, feed size, quality of product, capacity
and power consumption.
(iii) DMS - Type of medium used, detail of separating vessel,
medium recovery, capacity and power consumption.
(iv) Magnetic and Electrostatic capacity andpower consumption
separators - types, mode of operation, nature of feed and
product,.
(v) Flotation - details of flotation unit, number of cells, their size,
method of aeration and their operation. Types of flotation
reagents, their quantity and their role during flotation. Feed
size, quality of products, capacity and power consumption.
a Dewatering section - Study of thickners, filters & driers. Types
of various units, percentage of water removed at each stage,
and sizes
moisture
content of the products if any. Capacity, specification and power
consumption of each unit.
COAL WASHING UNIT
Washery layout, types of machines used, size of feed and product.
Ash, moisture and volatile matter present in the product. Grades of coal
obtained. Their use and utility, blending practices if any. Capacity,
specification and power consumption of various machines used. Recovery
circuit for media and water, media and water losses per ton of coal treated.
EXPLOSIVES & BLASTING
() Length and diameter of the holes, their arrangement
(ii) Type of explosive and quantity per hole
(iii) Material used for stemming
(iv) Method of blasting, order of blasting
(v) Amount of coalobtained per kg. of explosive, cost of explosiveand
detonators
(vi) Construction of magazine, its capacity, name and quantity of
explosives and detonators stored
used.
(vii) Specification of exploder, cable , detonator and explosives
Under ground magazine if any.