PLD Injection System Overview and Benefits
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ScribdTranslationsPLD Injection System Overview and Benefits
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsTHE PLD INJECTION SYSTEM
En el sistema PLD se asigna una bomba para cada cilindro, en la bomba de alta presión solidaria
to the engine block, the high pressure of the fuel continues to be produced according to the principle of
piston pump like in the linear pump set, however the duration of the injection
the fuel between the beginning and the end of said injection is controlled by a
solenoid valve integrated into each injection pump attached to the engine block and is
they command individually.
The regulation of the Diesel engine with PLD occurs entirely electronically, based on
the signals of the crankshaft and camshaft revolutions. Furthermore, the unit of
control has information from the following sensors: Liquid temperature sensor
coolant, Fuel temperature sensor, Air temperature sensor of
overfeeding, Air boost sensor and Atmospheric pressure sensor. And to
Based on this information, the service performance of the engine is taken into account.
MAIN ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM
1- The individual regulation of each fuel injection pump attached to the engine block.
2- The free choice of the start of the injection and the injection flow rate
Repair of UPS and PLD systems
Professional solutions in the repair and maintenance of pump and injectors
controlled by solenoids PLD and UIS of the diesel systems.
Operation
PLD and UIS are diesel injection systems with timing control through solenoid valves.
integrated.
The moment of activation of the solenoid valve - and with it the closing of the valve - determines
the beginning of feeding; the duration of activation is a determining measure of
injection flow rate. The timing and duration of activation are determined by the unit
control electronics according to the programmed characteristic fields.
At the same time, the current service status of the engine and the environmental data are taken into account.
Among others, it is obtained:
the angle of the crankshaft,
the number of revolutions of the camshaft,
the position of the accelerator pedal,
the boost pressure,
the temperature of the intake air, the coolant, and the fuel,
the walking speed, etc.
These data are detected by sensors and processed in the control unit. With the information
obtained, the control unit is capable of controlling and regulating the vehicle to provide a service
of optimal march.
PLD Systems (UPS) Injectors-Pump
The UNIT INJECTION SYSTEM UIS (also called unit pump injection system)
PDE injector), and UNIT PUMP SYSTEM UPS (also called PLD pipe injector pump), are
hoy en día los sistemas que permiten alcanzar las mayores presiones de inyección. El sistema
Bosch pump-injector (UIS UNIT INJECTOR SYSTEM) was incorporated into the vehicle
VOLKSWAGEN PASSAT, at the end of 1998 with a new generation of diesel engines
direct injection, which is gaining great acceptance due to the high performance it provides
the engines powered by this injection system (for example, the 150 HP engines that
engines with a displacement of less than 2000 cc), as well as achieving certain fuel consumption
low and a reduction in pollutant emissions.
The UIS and UPS systems are systems with one injection unit for each cylinder of the engine.
Esto le permite una mayor flexibilidad a la hora de adaptarse al funcionamiento cambiante del
motor, much better than motors that are powered by 'rotary' pumps or pumps in
line”. Its advantages over other injection devices are: it is used in both passenger cars
such as in light commercial and industrial vehicles up to 30 kW/cylinder and industrial vehicles
heavy-duty up to 80kw/cylinder. This system is also used in locomotive engines and
boats. High injection pressure up to 2050 bar. Beginning of variable injection. The possibility
prior injection.
SYSTEM
CUMMIN
S PT
The PT concept is due to the primary variables that affect the amount of fuel dosed and injected.
For each piston cycle, these variables are pressure and time; that is, the pressure of fuel delivered to
the injectors and the period of time during which the fuel enters them.
The fuel supply to the injectors is controlled by the injection pump, while the timing
is controlled by the rotational speed of the camshaft with the operation of the engine. The system of
Cummins PT injection uses simple injectors that are mechanically operated. Each injector has an orifice.
of dosing which carries the fuel to the pressure chamber, the injector's piston is actuated from the
camshaft through a pushrod and a rocker arm. The fuel flows through the opening of
dosage into the pressure chamber only during the final part of the piston stroke of the engine.
Fuel is supplied through a feed pump (gear pump) which increases the pressure to a
intermediate level and supplies it to the gallery in the butt where are: the throttle area, the regulator, the
shutdown system and the Air Fuel Control (CAC) mechanism that adjusts the pressure accordingly
the needs of the engine speed. Approximately 70% of the fuel flows through the
injectors not being used towards the return gallery, allowing the cooling of the injector and preventing the
paraffin precipitation and air accumulation in the system.
Parts of the Cummins PT system
This system is composed of several elements such as:
The fuel supply pump.
The regulator.
The injector.
Return system.
Cummins P-T supply system pump
The fuel pressure is controlled by the regulator and the throttle position, the timing is related
with the speed of the engine (the higher it is, the shorter the injector's charging time), therefore the
fuel pressure is very variable but must be very precise. For this reason, this pump assembly is
more complex than a common lifting pump because it also must:
Supply fuel at sufficient pressure to meet high speed and full load conditions
Limit the pressure to control the maximum speed of the engine.
Adjust the pressure between maximum speed and idle.
Provide a manual method (throttle) to control the fuel flow.
The pump contains a unique set of gears that transfer fuel from the tank to
deliver it to the injection system. The fuel flows from the pump to a pulsation damper,
installed at the back of the pump; it consists of a flexible steel diaphragm that absorbs the pulsations
of the fuel stabilizing the pressure.
Regulator
The centrifugal force acts on the counterweights and extends them outward, this movement in turn moves the
embolo longitudinally against the springs. The plunger acts as a hydraulic pump that rotates with the
counterweights and also slides axially within the governor sleeve. The movement opens or
close the holes in the sleeve to control the flow of fuel in the governor and in this way the
motor speed.
Injectors
The PT injector is a simple mechanical unit that receives fuel, doses it, injects it, and atomizes it in different ways.
pressures from the set of injection pumps.
All injectors have a plunger that moves alternately in the injector body, driven
through the camshaft via the rocker arm.
Injector operating cycle:
Dosing: When the piston rises, the dosing hole opens and the fuel fills the injector.
Injection: The plunger moves down due to the action of the rocker, covers the intake hole and pushes the fuel through the
spraying holes
Return of the fuel
Once the injection is finished, the plunger settles in the collector space of the injector and the fuel passes through the
return ducts.