Expected Value and Variance Guide
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ScribdTranslationsExpected Value and Variance Guide
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ScribdTranslationsDEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
GUIDE No. 10
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
STATISTICS I - DISTANCE
PRESENTATION
Statistics is concerned with making inferences about populations and their
characteristics. Experiments are conducted whose results are subject to chance.
Testing an electronic components number is an example of an experiment
statistical term used to describe any process by which
random observations are generated
OBJECTIVE
Determine the variance and the expectation of a random variable
Apply the concepts of expected value and variance in the proposed exercises.
CONTENT
Valor esperado varianza y desviación estándar de variables aleatorias
ACTIVITIES
Let x be the number of times a customer visits a grocery store in a
period of a week. Suppose this is the probability distribution.
x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.1
Find the expected value of x, the average number of times the customer
visit the store.
R/.
E(x)= 0.1*0 + 0.4*1 + 0.4*2 + 0.1*3 =1.5
Statistics I - Distance Guide No. 9:
Expected Value, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Random Variable
2. The only information you have regarding the distribution of
probability of a dataset of results, is the following list of
frecuencias:
X 0 15 30 45 60 75
Frec 25 125 75 175 75 25
a. Build a probability distribution for the set of outcomes
X = 0 15 30 45 60 75
P(x)= 0.05 0.25 0.15 0.35 0.15 0.05 = 1
b. Find the expected value and the standard deviation of an outcome.
(x -
x p(x) E(x) x - E(x) V(x) DS(x)
E(x))2
0 0.05 0 0 00 0
31.64062
15 0.25 3.75 11,25 126,5625 5 5,625
9.876107
30 0.15 4.5 25.5 650,25 97,5375 53
299,4468 17,30453
45 0.35 15.75 29.25 855.5625 75 34
19,75221
60 0.15 9 51 2601 390.15 51
5076,562 253,8281 15,93198
75 0.05 3.75 71.25 5 25 43
36.75 1072,60 32,75
3. A coin is loaded in such a way that the probability of occurrence of a
The price is three times greater than that of a stamp. Find the expected number of
stamps when this coin is launched twice.
R/.
In a flip, the probability of getting heads is 3/4, and the probability
The cost of obtaining the stamp is 1/4.
Indicating with X the variable 'Number of seals in two launches.'
The probability distribution of X is:
P (X=0) = P(C*C) = 3/4*3/4 = 9/16.
P(X=1) = P(C*S) + P(S*C) = 3/4*1/4 + 1/4*3/4 = 6/16
P(X=2) = P(S*S) = 1/4*1/4 = 1/16.
X= 0 1 2
P(X)= 9/16 6/16 1/16
E(X)= 0*9/16 + 1*6/16 + 2*1/16 = 8/16 = 0.5
[Link] an antique jewelry dealer is interested in the purchase of
a gold necklace for which the probabilities are 0.22, 0.36, 0.28, and 0.14,
respectively, that it can be sold with a profit of $250,
gain of $150, sell it at cost or sell it at a loss of $150.
What is the expected profit?
R/.
X= 250 150 0 -150
P(X)= 0.22 0.36 0.28 0.14
E(X)= 250*0.22 + 150*0.36 + 0*0.28 + -150*0.14 =88
5. The variable X, which represents the number of errors per 100 lines of code
of programming, has the following probability distribution:
x 2 3 4 5 6
f(x) 0.01 0.25 0.4 0.3 0.04
Find the variance for X
R/
(x -
x p(x) E(x) x - E(x) V(x)
E(x))2
2 0.01 0.02 1.98 3.9204 0.039204
3 0.25 0.75 2.25 5,0625 1,265625
4 0.4 1.6 2.4 5.76 2,304
5 0.3 1.5 3.5 12.25 3,675
6 0.04 0.24 5,76 33,1776 1,327104
4,11 8.61
6. Suppose that the probabilities are 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.1, respectively, that ...
0, 1, 2 or 3 power outages affect a certain subdivision in any year
given. Find the mean and variance of the random variable X that represents it.
number of power failures affecting this subdivision
(x -
x p(x) E(x) x - E(x) V(x) DS(x)
E(x))2
0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0
0,383405
1 0,3 0.3 0.7 0.49 0.147 79
0.715541
2 0.2 0.4 1.6 2.56 0.512 75
0.853814
3 0.1 0.3 2.7 7.29 0.729 97
1.00 1.39 1.18