DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY

FACULTY OF MEDICINE
PROFESSOR D. PRADENAS

ANATOMY TEST 1ST YEAR: URINARY SYSTEM

NOMBRE: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… CURSO: ………………………… FECHA: ……………………………………………..

IDEAL SCORE: 59 POINTS SCORE OBTAINED: ……………………… PTS

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: mark the correct alternative according to 9. Hormone produced by the kidney in order to RAISE THE
respond, do not make corrections or double marks (1 point each) BLOOD PRESSURE.
one) a) Aldosterone
b) Renin
1. When the kidneys stop producing urine due to obstruction c) ADH
of the nephrons of one or both kidneys, this anomaly is called d) Vasopressin
denomination: e) all.
a) Enuresis
b) Anuria 10. Eminence of the prostatic urethra that presents two openings
c) Oliguria. in which the ejaculatory ducts open:
d) Cystitis Veru montanum
dysuria b) Lateral grooves of the veru
c) Prostatic utricle
It is characterized by the progressive decrease and usually Guerine valves
irreversible of the glomerular filtration rate. With effects e) a or c.
such as edema, acidosis, uremia, anemia, increase in levels of
potassium and osteomalacia. This disorder is called: 11. The conversion of Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II depends
a) Renal failure from:
b) Nephrosis Renin
c) Chronic renal insufficiency b) Aldosterone
d) Bright's disease c) ECA
e) Pyelonephritis d) Angiotensin III
Angiotensinogen
3. Amount expressed as a percentage of cardiac output that they receive
the kidneys: 12. It is the function of the kidneys:

3% l0 % a) Remove excess salts and water

c) l5 % d) 20% b) Maintain osmotic balance
e) 40% c) Regulate homeostasis
Regulate the volume of body fluids
4. Which of the following organs is related to the kidney? e) All are functions of the kidney.
left?
a) Liver. 13. The macula densa belongs to:
b) Stomach. T.C.D.
c) Duodenum. b) T.C.P.
d) Ascending colon. c) Bellini Tubes
e) Head of the pancreas. Bowman's capsule
e) Renal pelvis.
5. The control of renin secretion is determined by:
a) The adenohypophysis. 14. What substance is formed by the metabolism of fibers?
b) The neurohypophysis. musculars:
c) The adrenal medulla. a) Urea b) Uric acid
d) The macula densa. c) Creatinina d) Glucose
e) The hypothalamus. Blood

6. In urine with normal chemical composition, we can find 15. When there is the presence of blood in urine, it is called:
only Piura b) Glucosuria
a) Water, Glucose, and Urea c) Hematuria d) Hematin
b) Water, Proteins and Glucose e) Hematomelia
c) Water, Na Cl, and Urea
d) Water, Ammonium, and Erythrocytes 16. The tubules reabsorb the ……% of glucose filtered by the
e) Water, Glucose, and Bicarbonate glomeruli
100 20
7. Solutes that are normally not found in urine: c) 0 50
a) Urea b) Creatinine e) 25
c) Uric acid d) Ketone bodies
18. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system participates in: 29. Sobre la reabsorción tubular, señale lo incorrecto:
a) The storage of urine in the bladder 99.3% of the filtered substance is reabsorbed.
b) Prostatic urinary retention b) It is carried out only by active transport
c) The elevation of blood pressure c) The reabsorption of Na+ is regulated by aldosterone
d) The formation of creatinine d) ADH reabsorbs water at the level of the collecting duct
e) Glucosuria It is primarily done in the proximal contoured tube.

19. The HAD hormone promotes water reabsorption in the nephron. 30. Amino acids are reabsorbed almost at a... at the level of...
at the level of: a) 50% - distal contoured tube
a) The glomerulus b) 80% - distal contoured tube
b) Of the corpuscle c) 100% - collector tube
c) TCD d) 80% - proximal contoured tube
d) TCP e) 100% - proximal contoured tube
e) TC
31. Percentage of water that is reabsorbed in the loop of Henle:
20. The vertex of the Malpighi pyramids shapes: 65% b) 15% c) 10%
Renal Cortex d) 9, 3% e) 0, 7%
Renal medulla
c) Renal papilla 32. They are structures of the kidney responsible for synthesizing renin:
d) Renal capsule a) The macula densa
Renal capsule b) The juxtaglomerular cells
c) The renal glomerulus
21. The kidneys are organs that have abundant blood flow. d) The Polkissen cells
blood; on average, how much blood passes through the kidneys e) The Bellini tubes
per minute:
500 ml b) 850 ml The effective filtering pressure is the pressure that allows passage.
1000 ml 1200 ml from plasma through the capsular endothelial membrane, this is equivalent
e) 1650 ml a:
a) 60 mmHg 50 mmHg
22. Three phenomena occur in the formation of urine. c) 45 mmHg 40 mmHg
main: 10 mmHg
Filtration 2. Transport
Reabsorption 4. Secretion 34. Transforms angiotensin I into angiotensin II:
5. Dissemination a) Renin
a) 1, 3, 4 b) 1, 2, 3 b) Angiotensinogen
c) 1, 2, 4 d) 2, 3, 4 c) Angiotensin-converting enzyme
e) 1, 3, 5 Erythropoietin
e) Aldosterone
23. The reabsorption of sodium is regulated by the hormone:
a) Aldosterone b) Angiotensin 35. It is not a kidney function:
c) Renin d) Antidiuretic a) Stimulates erythropoiesis
e) Vasopressin b) Regulate blood pressure
c) Regulate the pH of the organism
24. The total volume of the glomerular filtrate formed is: d) Urea formation
100 ml / min. 125 ml / min. e) Synthesizes erythropoietin
c) 150 ml / min. d) 175 ml / min.
195 ml / min. 36. They are components of Ultrafiltration except:
a) Chloride b) Bicarbonate
25. Component whose presence in urine is abnormal: c) Proteins d) Cations
Ammonia b) Uric acid e) Creatinine
creatinine d) Albumin
Mineral sales 37. Portion of the urinary tract that possesses the main spindle of
Swallow
26. The path that urine takes from the renal papilla is: a) Kidney b) Renal pelvis
a) Calices–ureter–pelvis–urethra–bladder c) Urethra d) Ureter
calyces–pelvis–ureter–urethra–bladder e) Smaller calices
c) Pelvis–calices–ureter–urethra–bladder
d) Calyces–pelvis–ureter–bladder–urethra 38. Structure of the male homologous to the woman's vagina.
e) Ureter–pelvis–bladder–urethra a) Mountain veru
anterior glandular orifice
27. The bladder mucosa features an epithelium of the type c) Prostatic utricle
a) Simple plane Lateral groove of the Veru
b) Simple cylindrical lateral glandular orifice
c) Polymorphic
d) Stratified plane
e) Pseudostratified cylindrical 39. Sympathetic stimulation causes:
a) Bladder relaxation
40. The Malpighian corpuscle is formed by:
a) Endothelium of the glomerulus
b) Basal membrane of the glomerulus
c) Visceral layer of the glomerular capsule
d) Renal tunic epithelium
e) Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

II. MORPHOLOGY: Identify the following organs of the system

urinary (0.5 points each)

Observe the graph and answer questions 5, 6, and 7.

1. …………………………………………….. 8. ………………………………………..
2. ……………………………………………. 9. .............................................
5. What happens at the level of the nephron that explains the curve
3. ……………………………………………. 10. ... observed in graph No. 14?
4. …………………………………………… 11. ................................
____________________________________________________
5. ... 12. ……………………………………… ____________________________________________________
6. …………………………………………… 13. ……………………………………… ____________________________________________________
7. ... 14. ........................................
____________________________________________________

6. What is the cause of the decrease in the curve observed after

III. DEVELOPMENT: Answer the following questions, read carefully, do not the 80 minutes in chart No. 15?
use a corrector (2 points each) ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
What is the function of the urinary system? ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________ 7. What kind of effect does pituitary extract have at the level of
____________________________________________________ nephron?
____________________________________________________
Analyze the composition table of the plasma, glomerular filtrate of ____________________________________________________
the urine and answer questions 2, 3, and 4 ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

Plasma Constituents Filtering Urine

gromerular
K+ 0.2 0.2 2–3
Proteins 60 - 80 0 0
Glucose 1 1 0
Urea 0.3 0.3 20
Water 170 (lt/24h) 170 (lt/24h) 1.5 (liters/24h)

2. Which molecules are filtered and which are not filtered in the glomerulus?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

3. Which molecules are reabsorbed in the renal tubule?