WEEK 0 TUTORIAL
Arithmetic revision
1. Suppose that x1 = 3, x2 = -2.5, x3 = √2, x4 = √5, and
y1 = -2.6, y2 = -1, y3 = √6, y4 = √5. Calculate the following quantities:
𝑦3
a. ∑3𝑖=1(𝑥𝑖 + 𝑦𝑖 ) b. ∑4𝑖=2 𝑥𝑖2 𝑦32 c. 𝑥13 + ∑2𝑖=1 𝑥𝑖2
𝑖
2. Given
x1= 3, x2 = 1, x3 = 4, x4 = 6 and x5 = 8,
p1= 1⁄4, p2 = 1/8, p3 = 1/8, P4 = 1/3, and p5 = 1/6, find:
a. ∑4i=1 pi xi
b. ∑5i=3 p2 xi
c. ∑5i=2 pi xi2
d. ∏5i=1 xi
Statistical revision
3. All data can be classified as one of the two general types: quantitative (numerical) and
qualitative (categorical). Quantitative data are measurements that are recorded on a naturally
occurring numerical scale. On the other hand, qualitative data are measurements that cannot be
measured on a natural numerical scale; they can only be classified into one of a group of categories.
- Qualitative data are considered nominal if there is no order in the dataset and can be represented
as labels (e.g. Chocolate chip colors in M&Ms). They are considered ordinal if the data can be
classified on a relational ranking (e.g. ranking of a lecturer: excellent, good, average, bad).
- Quantitative data are classified as discrete if the number of possible outcomes are countable
(e.g. number of students in the classroom) or continuous if the number of possible outcomes are
uncountable (e.g. temperature, weight)
Place these variables in the following classification tables. Justify your answer briefly.
a. Deposit at a bank
b. Gender
c. Sales volume of iPhone 15s
d. Soft drink preference (Pepsi, Coke, Sprite)
e. Temperature in Celsius
f. IELTS scores
g. Student names
h. Rating of a Statistics professor (bad, average, good)
i. Number of home video screens
j. Age brackets of 18–30, 31–50, 51–70, 70+.
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k. Passport number.
l. A country’s inflation rate.
Qualitative (Categorical) Quantitative (numerical)
Nominal Ordinal Discrete Continuous
4. Fill in the blanks with the following terms: sample, population, Statistics, Descriptive
Statistics, Inferential Statistics, variable.
a. The science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist
in making more effective decisions is referred to as _____________.
b. Methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an enlightening way are called
__________.
c. The methods used to estimate a value of a population on the basis of a sample are called
__________.
d. A portion, or part, of the group of interest is referred to as a __________.
e. The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all
individuals or objects of interest is known as a _____________.
5. The overall marks scored by 1137 level 4 students of Introduction to Statistics and Data
Science module are shown in intervals in the following histogram.
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Using the information from the histogram, fill in the following table:
Relative Cumulative
Mark Range Frequency
Frequency Frequency
Total
6. A financial advisor recorded the lengths of time that she spent in discussions with her
clients during the last three months.
Length (minutes) 0-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-60
# of clients 44 55 60 32 15
a. Represent the data given in the table in a histogram.
b. Draw a cumulative frequency graph for the grouped data.
c. Estimate the percentage of client who spent between 15 and 34 minutes.
7. The 15 values in each of two sets of related data are denoted by x and y.
a. If y = 3x – 2, find 𝑦̅, given that ∑ 𝑥 = 90
b. If 5x + 3y = 13, find 𝑥̅ , given that ∑ 𝑥 = -40
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8. A set of n data values is denoted by y and it is given that ∑ (2 y − 1) = 56 and y̅ = 18.
Find the value of n.